Edit on GitHub

# sqlglot.dialects.snowflake

View Source

       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import typing as t
       4
       5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
       6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
       7    Dialect,
       8    NormalizationStrategy,
       9    binary_from_function,
      10    build_default_decimal_type,
      11    date_delta_sql,
      12    date_trunc_to_time,
      13    datestrtodate_sql,
      14    build_formatted_time,
      15    if_sql,
      16    inline_array_sql,
      17    max_or_greatest,
      18    min_or_least,
      19    rename_func,
      20    timestamptrunc_sql,
      21    timestrtotime_sql,
      22    var_map_sql,
      23)
      24from sqlglot.helper import flatten, is_float, is_int, seq_get
      25from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      26
      27if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      28    from sqlglot._typing import E
      29
      30
      31# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html
      32def _build_datetime(
      33    name: str, kind: exp.DataType.Type, safe: bool = False
      34) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.Func]:
      35    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
      36        value = seq_get(args, 0)
      37        int_value = value is not None and is_int(value.name)
      38
      39        if isinstance(value, exp.Literal):
      40            # Converts calls like `TO_TIME('01:02:03')` into casts
      41            if len(args) == 1 and value.is_string and not int_value:
      42                return exp.cast(value, kind)
      43
      44            # Handles `TO_TIMESTAMP(str, fmt)` and `TO_TIMESTAMP(num, scale)` as special
      45            # cases so we can transpile them, since they're relatively common
      46            if kind == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
      47                if int_value:
      48                    return exp.UnixToTime(this=value, scale=seq_get(args, 1))
      49                if not is_float(value.this):
      50                    return build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args)
      51
      52        if kind == exp.DataType.Type.DATE and not int_value:
      53            formatted_exp = build_formatted_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "snowflake")(args)
      54            formatted_exp.set("safe", safe)
      55            return formatted_exp
      56
      57        return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
      58
      59    return _builder
      60
      61
      62def _build_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]:
      63    expression = parser.build_var_map(args)
      64
      65    if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap):
      66        return expression
      67
      68    return exp.Struct(
      69        expressions=[
      70            exp.PropertyEQ(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values)
      71        ]
      72    )
      73
      74
      75def _build_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff:
      76    return exp.DateDiff(
      77        this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=_map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0))
      78    )
      79
      80
      81def _build_date_time_add(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
      82    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
      83        return expr_type(
      84            this=seq_get(args, 2),
      85            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
      86            unit=_map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0)),
      87        )
      88
      89    return _builder
      90
      91
      92# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0
      93def _build_if_from_div0(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
      94    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
      95    true = exp.Literal.number(0)
      96    false = exp.Div(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1))
      97    return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false)
      98
      99
     100# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     101def _build_if_from_zeroifnull(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     102    cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null())
     103    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     104
     105
     106# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     107def _build_if_from_nullifzero(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     108    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
     109    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     110
     111
     112def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str:
     113    flag = expression.text("flag")
     114
     115    if "i" not in flag:
     116        flag += "i"
     117
     118    return self.func(
     119        "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag)
     120    )
     121
     122
     123def _build_convert_timezone(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.Anonymous, exp.AtTimeZone]:
     124    if len(args) == 3:
     125        return exp.Anonymous(this="CONVERT_TIMEZONE", expressions=args)
     126    return exp.AtTimeZone(this=seq_get(args, 1), zone=seq_get(args, 0))
     127
     128
     129def _build_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace:
     130    regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args)
     131
     132    if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"):
     133        regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string(""))
     134
     135    return regexp_replace
     136
     137
     138def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]:
     139    def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show:
     140        return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs)
     141
     142    return _parse
     143
     144
     145DATE_PART_MAPPING = {
     146    "Y": "YEAR",
     147    "YY": "YEAR",
     148    "YYY": "YEAR",
     149    "YYYY": "YEAR",
     150    "YR": "YEAR",
     151    "YEARS": "YEAR",
     152    "YRS": "YEAR",
     153    "MM": "MONTH",
     154    "MON": "MONTH",
     155    "MONS": "MONTH",
     156    "MONTHS": "MONTH",
     157    "D": "DAY",
     158    "DD": "DAY",
     159    "DAYS": "DAY",
     160    "DAYOFMONTH": "DAY",
     161    "WEEKDAY": "DAYOFWEEK",
     162    "DOW": "DAYOFWEEK",
     163    "DW": "DAYOFWEEK",
     164    "WEEKDAY_ISO": "DAYOFWEEKISO",
     165    "DOW_ISO": "DAYOFWEEKISO",
     166    "DW_ISO": "DAYOFWEEKISO",
     167    "YEARDAY": "DAYOFYEAR",
     168    "DOY": "DAYOFYEAR",
     169    "DY": "DAYOFYEAR",
     170    "W": "WEEK",
     171    "WK": "WEEK",
     172    "WEEKOFYEAR": "WEEK",
     173    "WOY": "WEEK",
     174    "WY": "WEEK",
     175    "WEEK_ISO": "WEEKISO",
     176    "WEEKOFYEARISO": "WEEKISO",
     177    "WEEKOFYEAR_ISO": "WEEKISO",
     178    "Q": "QUARTER",
     179    "QTR": "QUARTER",
     180    "QTRS": "QUARTER",
     181    "QUARTERS": "QUARTER",
     182    "H": "HOUR",
     183    "HH": "HOUR",
     184    "HR": "HOUR",
     185    "HOURS": "HOUR",
     186    "HRS": "HOUR",
     187    "M": "MINUTE",
     188    "MI": "MINUTE",
     189    "MIN": "MINUTE",
     190    "MINUTES": "MINUTE",
     191    "MINS": "MINUTE",
     192    "S": "SECOND",
     193    "SEC": "SECOND",
     194    "SECONDS": "SECOND",
     195    "SECS": "SECOND",
     196    "MS": "MILLISECOND",
     197    "MSEC": "MILLISECOND",
     198    "MILLISECONDS": "MILLISECOND",
     199    "US": "MICROSECOND",
     200    "USEC": "MICROSECOND",
     201    "MICROSECONDS": "MICROSECOND",
     202    "NS": "NANOSECOND",
     203    "NSEC": "NANOSECOND",
     204    "NANOSEC": "NANOSECOND",
     205    "NSECOND": "NANOSECOND",
     206    "NSECONDS": "NANOSECOND",
     207    "NANOSECS": "NANOSECOND",
     208    "EPOCH": "EPOCH_SECOND",
     209    "EPOCH_SECONDS": "EPOCH_SECOND",
     210    "EPOCH_MILLISECONDS": "EPOCH_MILLISECOND",
     211    "EPOCH_MICROSECONDS": "EPOCH_MICROSECOND",
     212    "EPOCH_NANOSECONDS": "EPOCH_NANOSECOND",
     213    "TZH": "TIMEZONE_HOUR",
     214    "TZM": "TIMEZONE_MINUTE",
     215}
     216
     217
     218@t.overload
     219def _map_date_part(part: exp.Expression) -> exp.Var:
     220    pass
     221
     222
     223@t.overload
     224def _map_date_part(part: t.Optional[exp.Expression]) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     225    pass
     226
     227
     228def _map_date_part(part):
     229    mapped = DATE_PART_MAPPING.get(part.name.upper()) if part else None
     230    return exp.var(mapped) if mapped else part
     231
     232
     233def _date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
     234    trunc = date_trunc_to_time(args)
     235    trunc.set("unit", _map_date_part(trunc.args["unit"]))
     236    return trunc
     237
     238
     239def _build_timestamp_from_parts(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
     240    if len(args) == 2:
     241        # Other dialects don't have the TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS(date, time) concept,
     242        # so we parse this into Anonymous for now instead of introducing complexity
     243        return exp.Anonymous(this="TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS", expressions=args)
     244
     245    return exp.TimestampFromParts.from_arg_list(args)
     246
     247
     248def _unqualify_unpivot_columns(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     249    """
     250    Snowflake doesn't allow columns referenced in UNPIVOT to be qualified,
     251    so we need to unqualify them.
     252
     253    Example:
     254        >>> from sqlglot import parse_one
     255        >>> expr = parse_one("SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (m_sales.jan, feb, mar, april))")
     256        >>> print(_unqualify_unpivot_columns(expr).sql(dialect="snowflake"))
     257        SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (jan, feb, mar, april))
     258    """
     259    if isinstance(expression, exp.Pivot) and expression.unpivot:
     260        expression = transforms.unqualify_columns(expression)
     261
     262    return expression
     263
     264
     265def _flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     266    assert isinstance(expression, exp.Create)
     267
     268    def _flatten_structured_type(expression: exp.DataType) -> exp.DataType:
     269        if expression.this in exp.DataType.NESTED_TYPES:
     270            expression.set("expressions", None)
     271        return expression
     272
     273    props = expression.args.get("properties")
     274    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema) and not (props and props.find(exp.IcebergProperty)):
     275        for schema_expression in expression.this.expressions:
     276            if isinstance(schema_expression, exp.ColumnDef):
     277                column_type = schema_expression.kind
     278                if isinstance(column_type, exp.DataType):
     279                    column_type.transform(_flatten_structured_type, copy=False)
     280
     281    return expression
     282
     283
     284class Snowflake(Dialect):
     285    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     286    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     287    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     288    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     289    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     290    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     291    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     292    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     293    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     294
     295    TIME_MAPPING = {
     296        "YYYY": "%Y",
     297        "yyyy": "%Y",
     298        "YY": "%y",
     299        "yy": "%y",
     300        "MMMM": "%B",
     301        "mmmm": "%B",
     302        "MON": "%b",
     303        "mon": "%b",
     304        "MM": "%m",
     305        "mm": "%m",
     306        "DD": "%d",
     307        "dd": "%-d",
     308        "DY": "%a",
     309        "dy": "%w",
     310        "HH24": "%H",
     311        "hh24": "%H",
     312        "HH12": "%I",
     313        "hh12": "%I",
     314        "MI": "%M",
     315        "mi": "%M",
     316        "SS": "%S",
     317        "ss": "%S",
     318        "FF": "%f",
     319        "ff": "%f",
     320        "FF6": "%f",
     321        "ff6": "%f",
     322    }
     323
     324    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     325        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     326        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     327        if (
     328            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     329            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     330            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     331        ):
     332            return expression  # type: ignore
     333
     334        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     335
     336    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     337        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     338        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     339        COLON_IS_JSON_EXTRACT = True
     340
     341        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     342            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     343            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     344        }
     345
     346        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     347        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     348
     349        FUNCTIONS = {
     350            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     351            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     352            "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
     353            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": exp.Array.from_arg_list,
     354            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     355                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     356            ),
     357            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     358                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     359                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     360                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     361                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     362            ),
     363            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     364            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     365            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
     366            "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _build_convert_timezone,
     367            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     368            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     369            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     370            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     371            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     372            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     373            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     374                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     375            ),
     376            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     377            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     378                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=_map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     379            ),
     380            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
     381            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
     382                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
     383            ),
     384            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     385            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     386            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     387            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list,
     388            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     389            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     390            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     391            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     392            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     393            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     394            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": _build_timestamp_from_parts,
     395            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": _build_timestamp_from_parts,
     396            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     397            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     398            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     399                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     400                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     401                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     402                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     403            ),
     404            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     405            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     406            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     407            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     408            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     409            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     410            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     411        }
     412
     413        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     414            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     415            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     416            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     417        }
     418        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     419
     420        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     421
     422        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     423            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     424            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     425            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     426        }
     427
     428        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     429            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     430            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     431                exp.Set,
     432                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     433                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     434                unset=True,
     435            ),
     436            "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(),
     437        }
     438
     439        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     440            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     441            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     442        }
     443
     444        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     445            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     446            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     447        }
     448
     449        TYPE_CONVERTER = {
     450            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     451            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     452        }
     453
     454        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     455            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     456            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     457            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     458            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     459            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     460            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     461            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     462            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     463            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     464            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     465            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     466            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     467            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     468            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     469            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     470            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     471            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     472            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     473            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     474        }
     475
     476        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     477            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     478            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     479            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     480            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     481            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     482        }
     483
     484        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     485            TokenType.DOT,
     486            TokenType.MOD,
     487            TokenType.SLASH,
     488        }
     489
     490        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     491
     492        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     493
     494        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     495
     496        LAMBDAS = {
     497            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     498            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     499                exp.Lambda,
     500                this=self._replace_lambda(
     501                    self._parse_conjunction(),
     502                    expressions,
     503                ),
     504                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     505            ),
     506        }
     507
     508        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     509            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     510                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     511
     512            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     513                return self.expression(
     514                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     515                    this=self._parse_id_var(),
     516                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     517                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     518                )
     519            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     520                return self.expression(
     521                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint, this=self._parse_id_var()
     522                )
     523            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     524                return self.expression(
     525                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
     526                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     527                )
     528
     529            return None
     530
     531        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     532            expression = super()._parse_create()
     533            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     534                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     535                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     536
     537            return expression
     538
     539        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     540        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     541        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     542            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     543
     544            if not this:
     545                return None
     546
     547            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     548            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     549            this = _map_date_part(this)
     550            name = this.name.upper()
     551
     552            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     553                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     554                    scale = 10**3
     555                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     556                    scale = 10**6
     557                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     558                    scale = 10**9
     559                else:
     560                    scale = None
     561
     562                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     563                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     564
     565                if scale:
     566                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     567
     568                return to_unix
     569
     570            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     571
     572        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     573            if is_map:
     574                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     575                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     576                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     577                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     578
     579            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_conjunction(), explicit=True))
     580
     581        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     582            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     583            if not lateral:
     584                return lateral
     585
     586            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     587                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     588                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     589                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     590                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     591                elif not table_alias:
     592                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     593
     594            return lateral
     595
     596        def _parse_at_before(self, table: exp.Table) -> exp.Table:
     597            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constructs/at-before
     598            index = self._index
     599            if self._match_texts(("AT", "BEFORE")):
     600                this = self._prev.text.upper()
     601                kind = (
     602                    self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     603                    and self._match_texts(self.HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND)
     604                    and self._prev.text.upper()
     605                )
     606                expression = self._match(TokenType.FARROW) and self._parse_bitwise()
     607
     608                if expression:
     609                    self._match_r_paren()
     610                    when = self.expression(
     611                        exp.HistoricalData, this=this, kind=kind, expression=expression
     612                    )
     613                    table.set("when", when)
     614                else:
     615                    self._retreat(index)
     616
     617            return table
     618
     619        def _parse_table_parts(
     620            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     621        ) -> exp.Table:
     622            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     623            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     624                table = self._parse_string()
     625            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     626                table = self._parse_location_path()
     627            else:
     628                table = None
     629
     630            if table:
     631                file_format = None
     632                pattern = None
     633
     634                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     635                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     636                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     637                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     638                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     639                        )
     640                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     641                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     642                    else:
     643                        break
     644
     645                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     646
     647                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     648            else:
     649                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     650
     651            return self._parse_at_before(table)
     652
     653        def _parse_id_var(
     654            self,
     655            any_token: bool = True,
     656            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     657        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     658            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     659                identifier = (
     660                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     661                    or self._parse_string()
     662                )
     663                self._match_r_paren()
     664                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     665
     666            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     667
     668        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     669            scope = None
     670            scope_kind = None
     671
     672            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     673            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     674            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     675
     676            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     677
     678            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     679
     680            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     681                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     682                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     683                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     684                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     685                    if self._curr:
     686                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     687                elif self._curr:
     688                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     689                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     690
     691            return self.expression(
     692                exp.Show,
     693                **{
     694                    "terse": terse,
     695                    "this": this,
     696                    "history": history,
     697                    "like": like,
     698                    "scope": scope,
     699                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     700                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     701                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     702                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     703                },
     704            )
     705
     706        def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable:
     707            self._match_text_seq("WITH")
     708            return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True))
     709
     710        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     711            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     712            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     713
     714        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     715            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     716            return (
     717                self._parse_select(table=True)
     718                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     719                else self._parse_table_parts()
     720            )
     721
     722        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     723            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
     724
     725            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     726            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     727            # in case of subqueries
     728            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     729                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     730            ):
     731                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
     732
     733            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
     734
     735        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     736            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     737
     738            if not this:
     739                return this
     740
     741            typ = self._parse_types()
     742
     743            if typ:
     744                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     745
     746            return this
     747
     748    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     749        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     750        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     751        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     752        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     753
     754        KEYWORDS = {
     755            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     756            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     757            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     758            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     759            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     760            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     761            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     762            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     763            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     764            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     765            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     766            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     767            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     768            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     769            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     770            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     771            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     772            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     773            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     774            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     775            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     776            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     777            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     778        }
     779
     780        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     781            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     782            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     783        }
     784
     785        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     786
     787        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     788
     789    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     790        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     791        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     792        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     793        JOIN_HINTS = False
     794        TABLE_HINTS = False
     795        QUERY_HINTS = False
     796        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     797        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     798        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     799        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     800        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     801        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     802        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     803        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     804        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     805        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     806
     807        TRANSFORMS = {
     808            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     809            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     810            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     811            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     812            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     813            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"),
     814            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     815            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     816                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     817            ),
     818            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     819            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     820            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     821            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     822            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     823            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     824            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     825            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     826            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     827            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     828            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     829                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     830            ),
     831            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     832                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     833            ),
     834            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
     835            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
     836            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
     837            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
     838                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
     839            ),
     840            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
     841            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
     842            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
     843            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
     844            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     845            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     846            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     847            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     848            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
     849                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     850            ),
     851            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
     852                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     853            ),
     854            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
     855            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
     856            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
     857            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     858                [
     859                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     860                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
     861                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     862                ]
     863            ),
     864            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
     865            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     866            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
     867            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
     868                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
     869            ),
     870            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_TIMESTAMP", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
     871            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
     872            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
     873            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     874                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
     875            ),
     876            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
     877            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
     878            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
     879                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
     880            ),
     881            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
     882            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
     883            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
     884            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
     885            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
     886            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     887            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
     888                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
     889            ),
     890            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
     891            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     892            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
     893            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
     894        }
     895
     896        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     897            exp.JSONPathKey,
     898            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     899            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     900        }
     901
     902        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     903            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     904            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
     905            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
     906        }
     907
     908        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
     909            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
     910            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     911            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     912        }
     913
     914        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
     915            exp.Map,
     916            exp.StarMap,
     917            exp.Struct,
     918            exp.VarMap,
     919        }
     920
     921        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
     922            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
     923
     924        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
     925            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
     926                values_as_table = False
     927
     928            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
     929
     930        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     931            expressions = expression.expressions
     932            if (
     933                expressions
     934                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
     935                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
     936            ):
     937                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
     938                return "OBJECT"
     939
     940            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
     941
     942        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
     943            return self.func(
     944                "TO_NUMBER",
     945                expression.this,
     946                expression.args.get("format"),
     947                expression.args.get("precision"),
     948                expression.args.get("scale"),
     949            )
     950
     951        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
     952            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
     953            if milli is not None:
     954                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
     955                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
     956
     957            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
     958
     959        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
     960            value = expression.this
     961
     962            if value.type is None:
     963                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     964
     965                value = annotate_types(value)
     966
     967            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     968                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
     969
     970            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
     971            return self.cast_sql(expression)
     972
     973        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
     974            if not expression.expression:
     975                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
     976
     977            return super().log_sql(expression)
     978
     979        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     980            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     981            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     982
     983            columns = [
     984                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     985                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     986                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     987                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     988                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     989                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     990                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     991            ]
     992
     993            if unnest_alias:
     994                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     995            else:
     996                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     997
     998            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
     999            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1000            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1001            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1002
    1003        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1004            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1005            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1006            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1007            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1008
    1009            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1010            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1011
    1012            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1013            if scope_kind:
    1014                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1015
    1016            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1017            if starts_with:
    1018                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1019
    1020            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1021
    1022            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1023            if from_:
    1024                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1025
    1026            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
    1027
    1028        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1029            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1030            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1031            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1032            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1033            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1034            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1035
    1036            return self.func(
    1037                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1038                expression.this,
    1039                expression.expression,
    1040                position,
    1041                occurrence,
    1042                parameters,
    1043                group,
    1044            )
    1045
    1046        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    1047            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1048                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1049            return super().except_op(expression)
    1050
    1051        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    1052            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1053                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1054            return super().intersect_op(expression)
    1055
    1056        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1057            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1058            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1059            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1060            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1061            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1062            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1063            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1064
    1065        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1066            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1067        ) -> str:
    1068            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1069            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1070            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1071            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1072            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1073
    1074        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
    1075            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1076            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
    1077
    1078        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1079            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1080
    1081        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1082            keys = []
    1083            values = []
    1084
    1085            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1086                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1087                    keys.append(
    1088                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1089                    )
    1090                    values.append(e.expression)
    1091                else:
    1092                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1093                    values.append(e)
    1094
    1095            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1096
    1097        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1098            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
    1099                self.unsupported(
    1100                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
    1101                )
    1102
    1103            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1104
    1105        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1106            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1107            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1108            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1109            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1110            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1111            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1112            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1113            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1114
    1115            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

DATE_PART_MAPPING = {'Y': 'YEAR', 'YY': 'YEAR', 'YYY': 'YEAR', 'YYYY': 'YEAR', 'YR': 'YEAR', 'YEARS': 'YEAR', 'YRS': 'YEAR', 'MM': 'MONTH', 'MON': 'MONTH', 'MONS': 'MONTH', 'MONTHS': 'MONTH', 'D': 'DAY', 'DD': 'DAY', 'DAYS': 'DAY', 'DAYOFMONTH': 'DAY', 'WEEKDAY': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'DOW': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'DW': 'DAYOFWEEK', 'WEEKDAY_ISO': 'DAYOFWEEKISO', 'DOW_ISO': 'DAYOFWEEKISO', 'DW_ISO': 'DAYOFWEEKISO', 'YEARDAY': 'DAYOFYEAR', 'DOY': 'DAYOFYEAR', 'DY': 'DAYOFYEAR', 'W': 'WEEK', 'WK': 'WEEK', 'WEEKOFYEAR': 'WEEK', 'WOY': 'WEEK', 'WY': 'WEEK', 'WEEK_ISO': 'WEEKISO', 'WEEKOFYEARISO': 'WEEKISO', 'WEEKOFYEAR_ISO': 'WEEKISO', 'Q': 'QUARTER', 'QTR': 'QUARTER', 'QTRS': 'QUARTER', 'QUARTERS': 'QUARTER', 'H': 'HOUR', 'HH': 'HOUR', 'HR': 'HOUR', 'HOURS': 'HOUR', 'HRS': 'HOUR', 'M': 'MINUTE', 'MI': 'MINUTE', 'MIN': 'MINUTE', 'MINUTES': 'MINUTE', 'MINS': 'MINUTE', 'S': 'SECOND', 'SEC': 'SECOND', 'SECONDS': 'SECOND', 'SECS': 'SECOND', 'MS': 'MILLISECOND', 'MSEC': 'MILLISECOND', 'MILLISECONDS': 'MILLISECOND', 'US': 'MICROSECOND', 'USEC': 'MICROSECOND', 'MICROSECONDS': 'MICROSECOND', 'NS': 'NANOSECOND', 'NSEC': 'NANOSECOND', 'NANOSEC': 'NANOSECOND', 'NSECOND': 'NANOSECOND', 'NSECONDS': 'NANOSECOND', 'NANOSECS': 'NANOSECOND', 'EPOCH': 'EPOCH_SECOND', 'EPOCH_SECONDS': 'EPOCH_SECOND', 'EPOCH_MILLISECONDS': 'EPOCH_MILLISECOND', 'EPOCH_MICROSECONDS': 'EPOCH_MICROSECOND', 'EPOCH_NANOSECONDS': 'EPOCH_NANOSECOND', 'TZH': 'TIMEZONE_HOUR', 'TZM': 'TIMEZONE_MINUTE'}
class Snowflake(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     285class Snowflake(Dialect):
     286    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     287    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     288    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     289    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     290    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     291    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     292    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     293    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     294    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     295
     296    TIME_MAPPING = {
     297        "YYYY": "%Y",
     298        "yyyy": "%Y",
     299        "YY": "%y",
     300        "yy": "%y",
     301        "MMMM": "%B",
     302        "mmmm": "%B",
     303        "MON": "%b",
     304        "mon": "%b",
     305        "MM": "%m",
     306        "mm": "%m",
     307        "DD": "%d",
     308        "dd": "%-d",
     309        "DY": "%a",
     310        "dy": "%w",
     311        "HH24": "%H",
     312        "hh24": "%H",
     313        "HH12": "%I",
     314        "hh12": "%I",
     315        "MI": "%M",
     316        "mi": "%M",
     317        "SS": "%S",
     318        "ss": "%S",
     319        "FF": "%f",
     320        "ff": "%f",
     321        "FF6": "%f",
     322        "ff6": "%f",
     323    }
     324
     325    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     326        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     327        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     328        if (
     329            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     330            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     331            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     332        ):
     333            return expression  # type: ignore
     334
     335        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     336
     337    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     338        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     339        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     340        COLON_IS_JSON_EXTRACT = True
     341
     342        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     343            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     344            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     345        }
     346
     347        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     348        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     349
     350        FUNCTIONS = {
     351            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     352            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     353            "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
     354            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": exp.Array.from_arg_list,
     355            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     356                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     357            ),
     358            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     359                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     360                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     361                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     362                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     363            ),
     364            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     365            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
     366            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
     367            "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _build_convert_timezone,
     368            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     369            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     370            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     371            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     372            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     373            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     374            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     375                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     376            ),
     377            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     378            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     379                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=_map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     380            ),
     381            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
     382            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
     383                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
     384            ),
     385            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     386            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     387            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     388            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list,
     389            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     390            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     391            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     392            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     393            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     394            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     395            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": _build_timestamp_from_parts,
     396            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": _build_timestamp_from_parts,
     397            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     398            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     399            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     400                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     401                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     402                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     403                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     404            ),
     405            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     406            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     407            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     408            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     409            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     410            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     411            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     412        }
     413
     414        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     415            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     416            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     417            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     418        }
     419        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     420
     421        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     422
     423        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     424            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     425            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     426            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     427        }
     428
     429        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     430            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     431            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     432                exp.Set,
     433                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     434                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     435                unset=True,
     436            ),
     437            "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(),
     438        }
     439
     440        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     441            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     442            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     443        }
     444
     445        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     446            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     447            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     448        }
     449
     450        TYPE_CONVERTER = {
     451            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     452            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     453        }
     454
     455        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     456            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     457            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     458            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     459            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     460            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     461            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     462            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     463            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     464            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     465            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     466            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     467            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     468            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     469            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     470            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     471            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     472            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     473            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     474            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     475        }
     476
     477        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     478            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     479            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     480            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     481            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     482            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     483        }
     484
     485        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     486            TokenType.DOT,
     487            TokenType.MOD,
     488            TokenType.SLASH,
     489        }
     490
     491        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     492
     493        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     494
     495        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     496
     497        LAMBDAS = {
     498            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     499            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     500                exp.Lambda,
     501                this=self._replace_lambda(
     502                    self._parse_conjunction(),
     503                    expressions,
     504                ),
     505                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     506            ),
     507        }
     508
     509        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     510            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     511                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     512
     513            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     514                return self.expression(
     515                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     516                    this=self._parse_id_var(),
     517                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     518                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     519                )
     520            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     521                return self.expression(
     522                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint, this=self._parse_id_var()
     523                )
     524            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     525                return self.expression(
     526                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
     527                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     528                )
     529
     530            return None
     531
     532        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     533            expression = super()._parse_create()
     534            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     535                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     536                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     537
     538            return expression
     539
     540        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     541        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     542        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     543            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     544
     545            if not this:
     546                return None
     547
     548            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     549            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     550            this = _map_date_part(this)
     551            name = this.name.upper()
     552
     553            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     554                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     555                    scale = 10**3
     556                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     557                    scale = 10**6
     558                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     559                    scale = 10**9
     560                else:
     561                    scale = None
     562
     563                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     564                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     565
     566                if scale:
     567                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     568
     569                return to_unix
     570
     571            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     572
     573        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     574            if is_map:
     575                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     576                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     577                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     578                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     579
     580            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_conjunction(), explicit=True))
     581
     582        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     583            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     584            if not lateral:
     585                return lateral
     586
     587            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     588                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     589                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     590                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     591                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     592                elif not table_alias:
     593                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     594
     595            return lateral
     596
     597        def _parse_at_before(self, table: exp.Table) -> exp.Table:
     598            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constructs/at-before
     599            index = self._index
     600            if self._match_texts(("AT", "BEFORE")):
     601                this = self._prev.text.upper()
     602                kind = (
     603                    self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     604                    and self._match_texts(self.HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND)
     605                    and self._prev.text.upper()
     606                )
     607                expression = self._match(TokenType.FARROW) and self._parse_bitwise()
     608
     609                if expression:
     610                    self._match_r_paren()
     611                    when = self.expression(
     612                        exp.HistoricalData, this=this, kind=kind, expression=expression
     613                    )
     614                    table.set("when", when)
     615                else:
     616                    self._retreat(index)
     617
     618            return table
     619
     620        def _parse_table_parts(
     621            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     622        ) -> exp.Table:
     623            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     624            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     625                table = self._parse_string()
     626            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     627                table = self._parse_location_path()
     628            else:
     629                table = None
     630
     631            if table:
     632                file_format = None
     633                pattern = None
     634
     635                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     636                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     637                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     638                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     639                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     640                        )
     641                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     642                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     643                    else:
     644                        break
     645
     646                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     647
     648                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     649            else:
     650                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     651
     652            return self._parse_at_before(table)
     653
     654        def _parse_id_var(
     655            self,
     656            any_token: bool = True,
     657            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     658        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     659            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     660                identifier = (
     661                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     662                    or self._parse_string()
     663                )
     664                self._match_r_paren()
     665                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     666
     667            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     668
     669        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     670            scope = None
     671            scope_kind = None
     672
     673            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     674            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     675            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     676
     677            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     678
     679            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     680
     681            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     682                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     683                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     684                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     685                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     686                    if self._curr:
     687                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     688                elif self._curr:
     689                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     690                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     691
     692            return self.expression(
     693                exp.Show,
     694                **{
     695                    "terse": terse,
     696                    "this": this,
     697                    "history": history,
     698                    "like": like,
     699                    "scope": scope,
     700                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     701                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     702                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     703                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     704                },
     705            )
     706
     707        def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable:
     708            self._match_text_seq("WITH")
     709            return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True))
     710
     711        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     712            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     713            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     714
     715        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     716            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     717            return (
     718                self._parse_select(table=True)
     719                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     720                else self._parse_table_parts()
     721            )
     722
     723        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     724            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
     725
     726            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     727            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     728            # in case of subqueries
     729            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     730                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     731            ):
     732                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
     733
     734            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
     735
     736        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     737            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     738
     739            if not this:
     740                return this
     741
     742            typ = self._parse_types()
     743
     744            if typ:
     745                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     746
     747            return this
     748
     749    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     750        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     751        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     752        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     753        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     754
     755        KEYWORDS = {
     756            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     757            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     758            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     759            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     760            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     761            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     762            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     763            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     764            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     765            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     766            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     767            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     768            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     769            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     770            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     771            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     772            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     773            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     774            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     775            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     776            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     777            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     778            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     779        }
     780
     781        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     782            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     783            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     784        }
     785
     786        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     787
     788        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     789
     790    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     791        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     792        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     793        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     794        JOIN_HINTS = False
     795        TABLE_HINTS = False
     796        QUERY_HINTS = False
     797        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     798        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     799        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     800        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     801        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     802        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     803        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     804        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     805        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     806        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     807
     808        TRANSFORMS = {
     809            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     810            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     811            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     812            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     813            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     814            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"),
     815            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     816            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     817                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     818            ),
     819            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     820            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     821            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     822            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     823            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     824            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     825            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     826            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     827            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     828            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     829            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     830                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     831            ),
     832            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     833                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     834            ),
     835            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
     836            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
     837            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
     838            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
     839                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
     840            ),
     841            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
     842            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
     843            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
     844            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
     845            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     846            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     847            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     848            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     849            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
     850                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     851            ),
     852            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
     853                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     854            ),
     855            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
     856            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
     857            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
     858            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     859                [
     860                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     861                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
     862                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     863                ]
     864            ),
     865            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
     866            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     867            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
     868            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
     869                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
     870            ),
     871            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_TIMESTAMP", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
     872            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
     873            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
     874            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     875                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
     876            ),
     877            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
     878            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
     879            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
     880                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
     881            ),
     882            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
     883            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
     884            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
     885            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
     886            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
     887            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     888            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
     889                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
     890            ),
     891            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
     892            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     893            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
     894            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
     895        }
     896
     897        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     898            exp.JSONPathKey,
     899            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     900            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     901        }
     902
     903        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     904            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     905            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
     906            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
     907        }
     908
     909        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
     910            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
     911            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     912            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     913        }
     914
     915        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
     916            exp.Map,
     917            exp.StarMap,
     918            exp.Struct,
     919            exp.VarMap,
     920        }
     921
     922        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
     923            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
     924
     925        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
     926            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
     927                values_as_table = False
     928
     929            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
     930
     931        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     932            expressions = expression.expressions
     933            if (
     934                expressions
     935                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
     936                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
     937            ):
     938                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
     939                return "OBJECT"
     940
     941            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
     942
     943        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
     944            return self.func(
     945                "TO_NUMBER",
     946                expression.this,
     947                expression.args.get("format"),
     948                expression.args.get("precision"),
     949                expression.args.get("scale"),
     950            )
     951
     952        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
     953            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
     954            if milli is not None:
     955                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
     956                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
     957
     958            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
     959
     960        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
     961            value = expression.this
     962
     963            if value.type is None:
     964                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     965
     966                value = annotate_types(value)
     967
     968            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     969                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
     970
     971            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
     972            return self.cast_sql(expression)
     973
     974        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
     975            if not expression.expression:
     976                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
     977
     978            return super().log_sql(expression)
     979
     980        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     981            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     982            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     983
     984            columns = [
     985                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     986                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     987                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     988                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     989                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     990                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     991                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     992            ]
     993
     994            if unnest_alias:
     995                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     996            else:
     997                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     998
     999            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
    1000            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1001            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1002            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1003
    1004        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1005            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1006            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1007            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1008            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1009
    1010            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1011            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1012
    1013            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1014            if scope_kind:
    1015                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1016
    1017            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1018            if starts_with:
    1019                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1020
    1021            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1022
    1023            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1024            if from_:
    1025                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1026
    1027            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
    1028
    1029        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1030            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1031            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1032            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1033            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1034            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1035            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1036
    1037            return self.func(
    1038                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1039                expression.this,
    1040                expression.expression,
    1041                position,
    1042                occurrence,
    1043                parameters,
    1044                group,
    1045            )
    1046
    1047        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    1048            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1049                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1050            return super().except_op(expression)
    1051
    1052        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    1053            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1054                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1055            return super().intersect_op(expression)
    1056
    1057        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1058            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1059            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1060            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1061            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1062            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1063            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1064            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1065
    1066        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1067            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1068        ) -> str:
    1069            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1070            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1071            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1072            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1073            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1074
    1075        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
    1076            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1077            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
    1078
    1079        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1080            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1081
    1082        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1083            keys = []
    1084            values = []
    1085
    1086            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1087                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1088                    keys.append(
    1089                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1090                    )
    1091                    values.append(e.expression)
    1092                else:
    1093                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1094                    values.append(e)
    1095
    1096            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1097
    1098        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1099            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
    1100                self.unsupported(
    1101                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
    1102                )
    1103
    1104            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1105
    1106        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1107            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1108            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1109            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1110            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1111            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1112            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1113            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1114            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1115
    1116            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE: 'UPPERCASE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_large'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True

Some dialects, such as Snowflake, allow you to reference a CTE column alias in the HAVING clause of the CTE. This flag will cause the CTE alias columns to override any projection aliases in the subquery.

For example, WITH y(c) AS ( SELECT SUM(a) FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x HAVING c > 0 ) SELECT c FROM y;

    will be rewritten as

    WITH y(c) AS (
        SELECT SUM(a) AS c FROM (SELECT 1 AS a) AS x HAVING c > 0
    ) SELECT c FROM y;

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF': '%f', 'ff': '%f', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

def quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E: View Source

    325    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
    326        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
    327        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
    328        if (
    329            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
    330            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
    331            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
    332        ):
    333            return expression  # type: ignore
    334
    335        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)

Adds quotes to a given identifier.

###### Arguments:

- expression: The expression of interest. If it's not an `Identifier`, this method is a no-op.
- identify: If set to `False`, the quotes will only be added if the identifier is deemed "unsafe", with respect to its characters and this dialect's normalization strategy.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
  Dialect
  INDEX_OFFSET
  WEEK_OFFSET
  UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
  ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
  IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT
  DPIPE_IS_STRING_CONCAT
  STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
  NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
  LOG_BASE_FIRST
  TYPED_DIVISION
  SAFE_DIVISION
  CONCAT_COALESCE
  HEX_LOWERCASE
  DATE_FORMAT
  DATEINT_FORMAT
  FORMAT_MAPPING
  PSEUDOCOLUMNS
  get_or_raise
  format_time
  normalize_identifier
  case_sensitive
  can_identify
  to_json_path
  parse
  parse_into
  generate
  transpile
  tokenize
  tokenizer
  parser
  generator

class Snowflake.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    337    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    338        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
    339        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
    340        COLON_IS_JSON_EXTRACT = True
    341
    342        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    343            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    344            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    345        }
    346
    347        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
    348        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
    349
    350        FUNCTIONS = {
    351            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    352            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    353            "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
    354            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": exp.Array.from_arg_list,
    355            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
    356                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
    357            ),
    358            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
    359                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
    360                start=seq_get(args, 0),
    361                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
    362                step=seq_get(args, 2),
    363            ),
    364            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    365            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
    366            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
    367            "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _build_convert_timezone,
    368            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    369            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
    370            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    371            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    372            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
    373            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
    374            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
    375                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    376            ),
    377            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
    378            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
    379                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=_map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
    380            ),
    381            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
    382            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
    383                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
    384            ),
    385            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
    386            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
    387            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
    388            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list,
    389            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    390            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
    391            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
    392            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    393            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    394            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
    395            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": _build_timestamp_from_parts,
    396            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": _build_timestamp_from_parts,
    397            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
    398            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    399            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
    400                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    401                format=seq_get(args, 1),
    402                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
    403                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
    404            ),
    405            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
    406            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    407            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
    408            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    409            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
    410            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
    411            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
    412        }
    413
    414        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    415            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    416            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
    417            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
    418        }
    419        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    420
    421        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
    422
    423        RANGE_PARSERS = {
    424            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
    425            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
    426            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
    427        }
    428
    429        ALTER_PARSERS = {
    430            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
    431            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
    432                exp.Set,
    433                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
    434                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    435                unset=True,
    436            ),
    437            "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(),
    438        }
    439
    440        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    441            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    442            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
    443        }
    444
    445        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    446            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    447            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
    448        }
    449
    450        TYPE_CONVERTER = {
    451            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
    452            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
    453        }
    454
    455        SHOW_PARSERS = {
    456            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    457            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    458            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    459            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    460            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    461            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    462            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    463            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    464            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    465            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    466            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    467            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    468            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    469            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    470            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    471            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    472            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
    473            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    474            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    475        }
    476
    477        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    478            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    479            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    480            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    481            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    482            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    483        }
    484
    485        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    486            TokenType.DOT,
    487            TokenType.MOD,
    488            TokenType.SLASH,
    489        }
    490
    491        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
    492
    493        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
    494
    495        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
    496
    497        LAMBDAS = {
    498            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
    499            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
    500                exp.Lambda,
    501                this=self._replace_lambda(
    502                    self._parse_conjunction(),
    503                    expressions,
    504                ),
    505                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
    506            ),
    507        }
    508
    509        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    510            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
    511                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    512
    513            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
    514                return self.expression(
    515                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
    516                    this=self._parse_id_var(),
    517                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
    518                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    519                )
    520            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
    521                return self.expression(
    522                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint, this=self._parse_id_var()
    523                )
    524            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    525                return self.expression(
    526                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
    527                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
    528                )
    529
    530            return None
    531
    532        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
    533            expression = super()._parse_create()
    534            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
    535                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
    536                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
    537
    538            return expression
    539
    540        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
    541        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
    542        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    543            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
    544
    545            if not this:
    546                return None
    547
    548            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    549            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
    550            this = _map_date_part(this)
    551            name = this.name.upper()
    552
    553            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
    554                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
    555                    scale = 10**3
    556                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
    557                    scale = 10**6
    558                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
    559                    scale = 10**9
    560                else:
    561                    scale = None
    562
    563                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
    564                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
    565
    566                if scale:
    567                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
    568
    569                return to_unix
    570
    571            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
    572
    573        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    574            if is_map:
    575                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
    576                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
    577                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
    578                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
    579
    580            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_conjunction(), explicit=True))
    581
    582        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
    583            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
    584            if not lateral:
    585                return lateral
    586
    587            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
    588                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    589                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
    590                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
    591                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
    592                elif not table_alias:
    593                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
    594
    595            return lateral
    596
    597        def _parse_at_before(self, table: exp.Table) -> exp.Table:
    598            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constructs/at-before
    599            index = self._index
    600            if self._match_texts(("AT", "BEFORE")):
    601                this = self._prev.text.upper()
    602                kind = (
    603                    self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
    604                    and self._match_texts(self.HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND)
    605                    and self._prev.text.upper()
    606                )
    607                expression = self._match(TokenType.FARROW) and self._parse_bitwise()
    608
    609                if expression:
    610                    self._match_r_paren()
    611                    when = self.expression(
    612                        exp.HistoricalData, this=this, kind=kind, expression=expression
    613                    )
    614                    table.set("when", when)
    615                else:
    616                    self._retreat(index)
    617
    618            return table
    619
    620        def _parse_table_parts(
    621            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
    622        ) -> exp.Table:
    623            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
    624            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
    625                table = self._parse_string()
    626            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
    627                table = self._parse_location_path()
    628            else:
    629                table = None
    630
    631            if table:
    632                file_format = None
    633                pattern = None
    634
    635                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
    636                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
    637                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
    638                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
    639                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
    640                        )
    641                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
    642                        pattern = self._parse_string()
    643                    else:
    644                        break
    645
    646                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    647
    648                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
    649            else:
    650                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
    651
    652            return self._parse_at_before(table)
    653
    654        def _parse_id_var(
    655            self,
    656            any_token: bool = True,
    657            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    658        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    659            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
    660                identifier = (
    661                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    662                    or self._parse_string()
    663                )
    664                self._match_r_paren()
    665                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
    666
    667            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    668
    669        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
    670            scope = None
    671            scope_kind = None
    672
    673            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
    674            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
    675            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
    676
    677            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
    678
    679            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
    680
    681            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
    682                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
    683                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
    684                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
    685                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
    686                    if self._curr:
    687                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    688                elif self._curr:
    689                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
    690                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    691
    692            return self.expression(
    693                exp.Show,
    694                **{
    695                    "terse": terse,
    696                    "this": this,
    697                    "history": history,
    698                    "like": like,
    699                    "scope": scope,
    700                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
    701                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
    702                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
    703                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
    704                },
    705            )
    706
    707        def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable:
    708            self._match_text_seq("WITH")
    709            return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True))
    710
    711        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
    712            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    713            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
    714
    715        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    716            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
    717            return (
    718                self._parse_select(table=True)
    719                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
    720                else self._parse_table_parts()
    721            )
    722
    723        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
    724            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
    725
    726            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
    727            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
    728            # in case of subqueries
    729            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
    730                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
    731            ):
    732                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
    733
    734            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
    735
    736        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    737            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
    738
    739            if not this:
    740                return this
    741
    742            typ = self._parse_types()
    743
    744            if typ:
    745                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
    746
    747            return this

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = 'BERNOULLI'
COLON_IS_JSON_EXTRACT = True
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'COALESCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function _date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _build_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <function _build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <function _build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BIT_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BOOLXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function _build_convert_timezone>, 'DATEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'DIV0': <function _build_if_from_div0>, 'GET_PATH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'LISTAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'MEDIAN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _build_if_from_nullifzero>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _build_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _build_if_from_zeroifnull>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS = {<TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>}
ALTER_PARSERS = {'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
TYPE_CONVERTER = {<Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: <function build_default_decimal_type.<locals>._builder>}
SHOW_PARSERS = {'SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'COLUMNS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'MASKING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PROJECTION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>}
FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ['SEQ', 'KEY', 'PATH', 'INDEX', 'VALUE', 'THIS']
SCHEMA_KINDS = {'OBJECTS', 'UNIQUE KEYS', 'IMPORTED KEYS', 'SEQUENCES', 'VIEWS', 'TABLES'}
NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {'TAG', 'WAREHOUSE', 'STREAMLIT', 'STORAGE INTEGRATION'}
LAMBDAS = {<TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'TERSE': {'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'COLUMNS': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  INTERVAL_VARS
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_UNION
  UNION_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  errors
  sql

class Snowflake.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    749    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    750        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
    751        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    752        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
    753        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
    754
    755        KEYWORDS = {
    756            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    757            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
    758            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    759            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    760            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    761            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
    762            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
    763            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    764            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    765            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    766            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    767            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    768            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    769            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
    770            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
    771            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    772            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    773            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
    774            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
    775            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    776            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
    777            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
    778            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
    779        }
    780
    781        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    782            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    783            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    784        }
    785
    786        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
    787
    788        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}

STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\', "'"]
HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
RAW_STRINGS = ['$$']
COMMENTS = ['--', '//', ('/*', '*/')]
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '/*+': <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_CONDITION': <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'REMOVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'SQL_DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'SQL_VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'STORAGE INTEGRATION': <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, 'TAG': <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'WAREHOUSE': <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, 'STREAMLIT': <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$'}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  QUOTES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  dialect
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Snowflake.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     790    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     791        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     792        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     793        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     794        JOIN_HINTS = False
     795        TABLE_HINTS = False
     796        QUERY_HINTS = False
     797        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     798        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     799        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     800        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     801        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     802        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     803        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     804        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     805        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     806        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     807
     808        TRANSFORMS = {
     809            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     810            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     811            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     812            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     813            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     814            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"),
     815            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     816            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     817                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     818            ),
     819            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     820            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     821            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     822            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     823            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     824            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     825            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     826            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     827            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     828            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     829            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     830                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     831            ),
     832            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     833                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     834            ),
     835            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
     836            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
     837            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
     838            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
     839                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
     840            ),
     841            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
     842            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
     843            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
     844            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
     845            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     846            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     847            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     848            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
     849            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
     850                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     851            ),
     852            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
     853                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
     854            ),
     855            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
     856            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
     857            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
     858            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     859                [
     860                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     861                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
     862                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     863                ]
     864            ),
     865            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
     866            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     867            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
     868            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
     869                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
     870            ),
     871            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_TIMESTAMP", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
     872            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
     873            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
     874            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
     875                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
     876            ),
     877            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
     878            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
     879            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
     880                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
     881            ),
     882            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
     883            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
     884            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
     885            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
     886            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
     887            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     888            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
     889                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
     890            ),
     891            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
     892            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
     893            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
     894            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
     895        }
     896
     897        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     898            exp.JSONPathKey,
     899            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     900            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     901        }
     902
     903        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     904            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     905            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
     906            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
     907        }
     908
     909        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
     910            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
     911            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     912            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
     913        }
     914
     915        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
     916            exp.Map,
     917            exp.StarMap,
     918            exp.Struct,
     919            exp.VarMap,
     920        }
     921
     922        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
     923            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
     924
     925        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
     926            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
     927                values_as_table = False
     928
     929            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
     930
     931        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
     932            expressions = expression.expressions
     933            if (
     934                expressions
     935                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
     936                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
     937            ):
     938                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
     939                return "OBJECT"
     940
     941            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
     942
     943        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
     944            return self.func(
     945                "TO_NUMBER",
     946                expression.this,
     947                expression.args.get("format"),
     948                expression.args.get("precision"),
     949                expression.args.get("scale"),
     950            )
     951
     952        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
     953            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
     954            if milli is not None:
     955                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
     956                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
     957
     958            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
     959
     960        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
     961            value = expression.this
     962
     963            if value.type is None:
     964                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
     965
     966                value = annotate_types(value)
     967
     968            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
     969                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
     970
     971            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
     972            return self.cast_sql(expression)
     973
     974        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
     975            if not expression.expression:
     976                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
     977
     978            return super().log_sql(expression)
     979
     980        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     981            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     982            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     983
     984            columns = [
     985                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     986                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     987                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     988                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     989                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     990                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     991                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     992            ]
     993
     994            if unnest_alias:
     995                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     996            else:
     997                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     998
     999            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
    1000            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1001            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1002            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1003
    1004        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1005            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1006            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1007            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1008            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1009
    1010            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1011            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1012
    1013            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1014            if scope_kind:
    1015                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1016
    1017            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1018            if starts_with:
    1019                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1020
    1021            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1022
    1023            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1024            if from_:
    1025                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1026
    1027            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
    1028
    1029        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1030            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1031            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1032            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1033            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1034            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1035            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1036
    1037            return self.func(
    1038                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1039                expression.this,
    1040                expression.expression,
    1041                position,
    1042                occurrence,
    1043                parameters,
    1044                group,
    1045            )
    1046
    1047        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    1048            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1049                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1050            return super().except_op(expression)
    1051
    1052        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    1053            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1054                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1055            return super().intersect_op(expression)
    1056
    1057        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1058            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1059            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1060            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1061            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1062            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1063            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1064            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1065
    1066        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1067            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1068        ) -> str:
    1069            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1070            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1071            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1072            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1073            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1074
    1075        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
    1076            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1077            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
    1078
    1079        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1080            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1081
    1082        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1083            keys = []
    1084            values = []
    1085
    1086            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1087                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1088                    keys.append(
    1089                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1090                    )
    1091                    values.append(e.expression)
    1092                else:
    1093                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1094                    values.append(e)
    1095
    1096            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1097
    1098        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1099            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
    1100                self.unsupported(
    1101                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
    1102                )
    1103
    1104            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1105
    1106        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1107            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1108            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1109            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1110            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1111            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1112            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1113            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1114            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1115
    1116            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

PARAMETER_TOKEN = '$'
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
INSERT_OVERWRITE = ' OVERWRITE INTO'
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
STAR_EXCEPT = 'EXCLUDE'
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TagColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.NESTED: 'NESTED'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'OBJECT'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>}
def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    922        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    923            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")

def values_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str: View Source

    925        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    926            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    927                values_as_table = False
    928
    929            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    931        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    932            expressions = expression.expressions
    933            if (
    934                expressions
    935                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    936                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    937            ):
    938                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    939                return "OBJECT"
    940
    941            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def tonumber_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber) -> str: View Source

    943        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    944            return self.func(
    945                "TO_NUMBER",
    946                expression.this,
    947                expression.args.get("format"),
    948                expression.args.get("precision"),
    949                expression.args.get("scale"),
    950            )

def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str: View Source

    952        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    953            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    954            if milli is not None:
    955                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    956                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    957
    958            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)

def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str: View Source

    960        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    961            value = expression.this
    962
    963            if value.type is None:
    964                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    965
    966                value = annotate_types(value)
    967
    968            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    969                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    970
    971            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    972            return self.cast_sql(expression)

def log_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Log) -> str: View Source

    974        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    975            if not expression.expression:
    976                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    977
    978            return super().log_sql(expression)

def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

     980        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
     981            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     982            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
     983
     984            columns = [
     985                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
     986                exp.to_identifier("key"),
     987                exp.to_identifier("path"),
     988                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
     989                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
     990                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
     991                exp.to_identifier("this"),
     992            ]
     993
     994            if unnest_alias:
     995                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
     996            else:
     997                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
     998
     999            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
    1000            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1001            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1002            return f"{explode}{alias}"

def show_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Show) -> str: View Source

    1004        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1005            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1006            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1007            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1008            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1009
    1010            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1011            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1012
    1013            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1014            if scope_kind:
    1015                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1016
    1017            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1018            if starts_with:
    1019                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1020
    1021            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1022
    1023            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1024            if from_:
    1025                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1026
    1027            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"

def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract) -> str: View Source

    1029        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
    1030            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
    1031            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
    1032            group = expression.args.get("group")
    1033            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
    1034            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1035            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
    1036
    1037            return self.func(
    1038                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
    1039                expression.this,
    1040                expression.expression,
    1041                position,
    1042                occurrence,
    1043                parameters,
    1044                group,
    1045            )

def except_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Except) -> str: View Source

    1047        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
    1048            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1049                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1050            return super().except_op(expression)

def intersect_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Intersect) -> str: View Source

    1052        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
    1053            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
    1054                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
    1055            return super().intersect_op(expression)

def describe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Describe) -> str: View Source

    1057        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1058            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1059            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1060            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1061            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1062            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1063            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1064            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"

def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str: View Source

    1066        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1067            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1068        ) -> str:
    1069            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1070            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1071            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1072            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1073            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"

def swaptable_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable) -> str: View Source

    1075        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
    1076            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1077            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"

def cluster_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cluster) -> str: View Source

    1079        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1080            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    1082        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1083            keys = []
    1084            values = []
    1085
    1086            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1087                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1088                    keys.append(
    1089                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1090                    )
    1091                    values.append(e.expression)
    1092                else:
    1093                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1094                    values.append(e)
    1095
    1096            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))

def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile) -> str: View Source

    1098        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1099            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
    1100                self.unsupported(
    1101                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
    1102                )
    1103
    1104            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))

def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str: View Source

    1106        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1107            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1108            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1109            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1110            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1111            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1112            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1113            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1114            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1115
    1116            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  EXPLICIT_UNION
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS_SUPPORTED
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  NVL2_SUPPORTED
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER
  OUTER_UNION_MODIFIERS
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  HEX_FUNC
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  except_sql
  fetch_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  intersect_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  queryoption_sql
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  set_operations
  union_sql
  union_op
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  currenttimestamp_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  transaction_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  renametable_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  altertable_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  try_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  operator_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  generateseries_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql