sqlglot.dialects.snowflake
1from __future__ import annotations 2 3import typing as t 4 5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms 6from sqlglot._typing import E 7from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import ( 8 Dialect, 9 NormalizationStrategy, 10 binary_from_function, 11 date_delta_sql, 12 date_trunc_to_time, 13 datestrtodate_sql, 14 format_time_lambda, 15 if_sql, 16 inline_array_sql, 17 max_or_greatest, 18 min_or_least, 19 rename_func, 20 timestamptrunc_sql, 21 timestrtotime_sql, 22 ts_or_ds_to_date_sql, 23 var_map_sql, 24) 25from sqlglot.expressions import Literal 26from sqlglot.helper import seq_get 27from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType 28 29 30def _check_int(s: str) -> bool: 31 if s[0] in ("-", "+"): 32 return s[1:].isdigit() 33 return s.isdigit() 34 35 36# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html 37def _parse_to_timestamp(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StrToTime, exp.UnixToTime, exp.TimeStrToTime]: 38 if len(args) == 2: 39 first_arg, second_arg = args 40 if second_arg.is_string: 41 # case: <string_expr> [ , <format> ] 42 return format_time_lambda(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args) 43 44 # case: <numeric_expr> [ , <scale> ] 45 if second_arg.name not in ["0", "3", "9"]: 46 raise ValueError( 47 f"Scale for snowflake numeric timestamp is {second_arg}, but should be 0, 3, or 9" 48 ) 49 50 if second_arg.name == "0": 51 timescale = exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS 52 elif second_arg.name == "3": 53 timescale = exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS 54 elif second_arg.name == "9": 55 timescale = exp.UnixToTime.NANOS 56 57 return exp.UnixToTime(this=first_arg, scale=timescale) 58 59 from sqlglot.optimizer.simplify import simplify_literals 60 61 # The first argument might be an expression like 40 * 365 * 86400, so we try to 62 # reduce it using `simplify_literals` first and then check if it's a Literal. 63 first_arg = seq_get(args, 0) 64 if not isinstance(simplify_literals(first_arg, root=True), Literal): 65 # case: <variant_expr> or other expressions such as columns 66 return exp.TimeStrToTime.from_arg_list(args) 67 68 if first_arg.is_string: 69 if _check_int(first_arg.this): 70 # case: <integer> 71 return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args) 72 73 # case: <date_expr> 74 return format_time_lambda(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake", default=True)(args) 75 76 # case: <numeric_expr> 77 return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args) 78 79 80def _parse_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]: 81 expression = parser.parse_var_map(args) 82 83 if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap): 84 return expression 85 86 return exp.Struct( 87 expressions=[ 88 t.cast(exp.Condition, k).eq(v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values) 89 ] 90 ) 91 92 93def _parse_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff: 94 return exp.DateDiff(this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)) 95 96 97def _unix_to_time_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str: 98 scale = expression.args.get("scale") 99 timestamp = self.sql(expression, "this") 100 if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS): 101 return f"TO_TIMESTAMP({timestamp})" 102 if scale == exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS: 103 return f"TO_TIMESTAMP({timestamp}, 3)" 104 if scale == exp.UnixToTime.MICROS: 105 return f"TO_TIMESTAMP({timestamp} / 1000, 3)" 106 if scale == exp.UnixToTime.NANOS: 107 return f"TO_TIMESTAMP({timestamp}, 9)" 108 109 self.unsupported(f"Unsupported scale for timestamp: {scale}.") 110 return "" 111 112 113# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html 114# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts 115def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 116 this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type() 117 118 if not this: 119 return None 120 121 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 122 expression = self._parse_bitwise() 123 124 name = this.name.upper() 125 if name.startswith("EPOCH"): 126 if name.startswith("EPOCH_MILLISECOND"): 127 scale = 10**3 128 elif name.startswith("EPOCH_MICROSECOND"): 129 scale = 10**6 130 elif name.startswith("EPOCH_NANOSECOND"): 131 scale = 10**9 132 else: 133 scale = None 134 135 ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP")) 136 to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts) 137 138 if scale: 139 to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale)) 140 141 return to_unix 142 143 return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression) 144 145 146# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0 147def _div0_to_if(args: t.List) -> exp.If: 148 cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(0)) 149 true = exp.Literal.number(0) 150 false = exp.Div(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1)) 151 return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false) 152 153 154# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull 155def _zeroifnull_to_if(args: t.List) -> exp.If: 156 cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null()) 157 return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0)) 158 159 160# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull 161def _nullifzero_to_if(args: t.List) -> exp.If: 162 cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0)) 163 return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0)) 164 165 166def _datatype_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.DataType) -> str: 167 if expression.is_type("array"): 168 return "ARRAY" 169 elif expression.is_type("map"): 170 return "OBJECT" 171 return self.datatype_sql(expression) 172 173 174def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str: 175 flag = expression.text("flag") 176 177 if "i" not in flag: 178 flag += "i" 179 180 return self.func( 181 "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag) 182 ) 183 184 185def _parse_convert_timezone(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.Anonymous, exp.AtTimeZone]: 186 if len(args) == 3: 187 return exp.Anonymous(this="CONVERT_TIMEZONE", expressions=args) 188 return exp.AtTimeZone(this=seq_get(args, 1), zone=seq_get(args, 0)) 189 190 191def _parse_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace: 192 regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args) 193 194 if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"): 195 regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string("")) 196 197 return regexp_replace 198 199 200def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]: 201 def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show: 202 return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs) 203 204 return _parse 205 206 207class Snowflake(Dialect): 208 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax 209 NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE 210 NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large" 211 TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'" 212 SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False 213 SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False 214 215 TIME_MAPPING = { 216 "YYYY": "%Y", 217 "yyyy": "%Y", 218 "YY": "%y", 219 "yy": "%y", 220 "MMMM": "%B", 221 "mmmm": "%B", 222 "MON": "%b", 223 "mon": "%b", 224 "MM": "%m", 225 "mm": "%m", 226 "DD": "%d", 227 "dd": "%-d", 228 "DY": "%a", 229 "dy": "%w", 230 "HH24": "%H", 231 "hh24": "%H", 232 "HH12": "%I", 233 "hh12": "%I", 234 "MI": "%M", 235 "mi": "%M", 236 "SS": "%S", 237 "ss": "%S", 238 "FF": "%f", 239 "ff": "%f", 240 "FF6": "%f", 241 "ff6": "%f", 242 } 243 244 def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E: 245 # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an 246 # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table 247 if ( 248 isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier) 249 and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table) 250 and expression.name.lower() == "dual" 251 ): 252 return t.cast(E, expression) 253 254 return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify) 255 256 class Parser(parser.Parser): 257 IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True 258 259 TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW} 260 261 FUNCTIONS = { 262 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 263 "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list, 264 "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": exp.Array.from_arg_list, 265 "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains( 266 this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0) 267 ), 268 "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries( 269 # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive 270 start=seq_get(args, 0), 271 end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)), 272 step=seq_get(args, 2), 273 ), 274 "ARRAY_TO_STRING": exp.ArrayJoin.from_arg_list, 275 "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor), 276 "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor), 277 "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor), 278 "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _parse_convert_timezone, 279 "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time, 280 "DATEADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd( 281 this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0) 282 ), 283 "DATEDIFF": _parse_datediff, 284 "DIV0": _div0_to_if, 285 "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list, 286 "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list, 287 "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list, 288 "NULLIFZERO": _nullifzero_to_if, 289 "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _parse_object_construct, 290 "REGEXP_REPLACE": _parse_regexp_replace, 291 "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list, 292 "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list, 293 "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)), 294 "TIMEDIFF": _parse_datediff, 295 "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _parse_datediff, 296 "TO_ARRAY": exp.Array.from_arg_list, 297 "TO_TIMESTAMP": _parse_to_timestamp, 298 "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list, 299 "ZEROIFNULL": _zeroifnull_to_if, 300 } 301 302 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 303 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 304 "DATE_PART": _parse_date_part, 305 } 306 FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM") 307 308 COLUMN_OPERATORS = { 309 **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS, 310 TokenType.COLON: lambda self, this, path: self.expression( 311 exp.Bracket, this=this, expressions=[path] 312 ), 313 } 314 315 TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME} 316 317 RANGE_PARSERS = { 318 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 319 TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny), 320 TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny), 321 } 322 323 ALTER_PARSERS = { 324 **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS, 325 "SET": lambda self: self._parse_set(tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG")), 326 "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression( 327 exp.Set, 328 tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"), 329 expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var), 330 unset=True, 331 ), 332 "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(), 333 } 334 335 STATEMENT_PARSERS = { 336 **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS, 337 TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(), 338 } 339 340 PROPERTY_PARSERS = { 341 **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS, 342 "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location(), 343 } 344 345 SHOW_PARSERS = { 346 "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"), 347 "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"), 348 } 349 350 STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = { 351 TokenType.DOT, 352 TokenType.MOD, 353 TokenType.SLASH, 354 } 355 FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"] 356 357 def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]: 358 lateral = super()._parse_lateral() 359 if not lateral: 360 return lateral 361 362 if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode): 363 table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias") 364 columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS] 365 if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"): 366 table_alias.set("columns", columns) 367 elif not table_alias: 368 exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False) 369 370 return lateral 371 372 def _parse_at_before(self, table: exp.Table) -> exp.Table: 373 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constructs/at-before 374 index = self._index 375 if self._match_texts(("AT", "BEFORE")): 376 this = self._prev.text.upper() 377 kind = ( 378 self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN) 379 and self._match_texts(self.HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND) 380 and self._prev.text.upper() 381 ) 382 expression = self._match(TokenType.FARROW) and self._parse_bitwise() 383 384 if expression: 385 self._match_r_paren() 386 when = self.expression( 387 exp.HistoricalData, this=this, kind=kind, expression=expression 388 ) 389 table.set("when", when) 390 else: 391 self._retreat(index) 392 393 return table 394 395 def _parse_table_parts(self, schema: bool = False) -> exp.Table: 396 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage 397 if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False): 398 table = self._parse_string() 399 elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False): 400 table = self._parse_location_path() 401 else: 402 table = None 403 404 if table: 405 file_format = None 406 pattern = None 407 408 self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN) 409 while self._curr and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN): 410 if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"): 411 file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts() 412 elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"): 413 pattern = self._parse_string() 414 else: 415 break 416 417 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 418 419 table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern) 420 else: 421 table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema) 422 423 return self._parse_at_before(table) 424 425 def _parse_id_var( 426 self, 427 any_token: bool = True, 428 tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None, 429 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 430 if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("): 431 identifier = ( 432 super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens) 433 or self._parse_string() 434 ) 435 self._match_r_paren() 436 return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier]) 437 438 return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens) 439 440 def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show: 441 scope = None 442 scope_kind = None 443 444 if self._match(TokenType.IN): 445 if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"): 446 scope_kind = "ACCOUNT" 447 elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES): 448 scope_kind = self._prev.text 449 if self._curr: 450 scope = self._parse_table() 451 elif self._curr: 452 scope_kind = "TABLE" 453 scope = self._parse_table() 454 455 return self.expression(exp.Show, this=this, scope=scope, scope_kind=scope_kind) 456 457 def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable: 458 self._match_text_seq("WITH") 459 return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True)) 460 461 def _parse_location(self) -> exp.LocationProperty: 462 self._match(TokenType.EQ) 463 return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path()) 464 465 def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var: 466 parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)] 467 468 # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar 469 # can be joined in a query with a comma separator. 470 while self._is_connected() and not self._match(TokenType.COMMA, advance=False): 471 parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)) 472 473 return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part)) 474 475 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 476 STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"] 477 HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")] 478 RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"] 479 COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")] 480 481 KEYWORDS = { 482 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 483 "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT, 484 "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 485 "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 486 "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT, 487 "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY, 488 "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY, 489 "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE, 490 "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT, 491 "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 492 "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND, 493 "RENAME": TokenType.REPLACE, 494 "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE, 495 "TIMESTAMP_LTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ, 496 "TIMESTAMP_NTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMP, 497 "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ, 498 "TIMESTAMPNTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMP, 499 "TOP": TokenType.TOP, 500 } 501 502 SINGLE_TOKENS = { 503 **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS, 504 "$": TokenType.PARAMETER, 505 } 506 507 VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"} 508 509 COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW} 510 511 class Generator(generator.Generator): 512 PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$" 513 MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False 514 SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True 515 JOIN_HINTS = False 516 TABLE_HINTS = False 517 QUERY_HINTS = False 518 AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False 519 SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False 520 COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True 521 LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True 522 523 TRANSFORMS = { 524 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 525 exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"), 526 exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"), 527 exp.Array: inline_array_sql, 528 exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"), 529 exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this), 530 exp.ArrayJoin: rename_func("ARRAY_TO_STRING"), 531 exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func( 532 "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this 533 ), 534 exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"), 535 exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"), 536 exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"), 537 exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql, 538 exp.DataType: _datatype_sql, 539 exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"), 540 exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"), 541 exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"), 542 exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"), 543 exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"), 544 exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func( 545 "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step") 546 ), 547 exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"), 548 exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"), 549 exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"), 550 exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"), 551 exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 552 exp.Max: max_or_greatest, 553 exp.Min: min_or_least, 554 exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}", 555 exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess( 556 [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles] 557 ), 558 exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess( 559 [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles] 560 ), 561 exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql, 562 exp.Select: transforms.preprocess( 563 [ 564 transforms.eliminate_distinct_on, 565 transforms.explode_to_unnest(), 566 transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins, 567 ] 568 ), 569 exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"), 570 exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 571 exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"), 572 exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func( 573 "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position") 574 ), 575 exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 576 exp.Struct: lambda self, e: self.func( 577 "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", 578 *(arg for expression in e.expressions for arg in expression.flatten()), 579 ), 580 exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"), 581 exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql, 582 exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql, 583 exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func( 584 "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, "timestamp"), self.format_time(e) 585 ), 586 exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})", 587 exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e), 588 exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression), 589 exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True), 590 exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"), 591 exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("snowflake"), 592 exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql, 593 exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 594 exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"), 595 exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"), 596 } 597 598 TYPE_MAPPING = { 599 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 600 exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "TIMESTAMPNTZ", 601 } 602 603 STAR_MAPPING = { 604 "except": "EXCLUDE", 605 "replace": "RENAME", 606 } 607 608 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 609 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 610 exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 611 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 612 } 613 614 def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str: 615 value = expression.this 616 617 if value.type is None: 618 from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types 619 620 value = annotate_types(value) 621 622 if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN): 623 return super().trycast_sql(expression) 624 625 # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake 626 return self.cast_sql(expression) 627 628 def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str: 629 if not expression.expression: 630 return self.func("LN", expression.this) 631 632 return super().log_sql(expression) 633 634 def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str: 635 unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias") 636 offset = expression.args.get("offset") 637 638 columns = [ 639 exp.to_identifier("seq"), 640 exp.to_identifier("key"), 641 exp.to_identifier("path"), 642 offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"), 643 seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0) 644 or exp.to_identifier("value"), 645 exp.to_identifier("this"), 646 ] 647 648 if unnest_alias: 649 unnest_alias.set("columns", columns) 650 else: 651 unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns) 652 653 explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))" 654 alias = self.sql(unnest_alias) 655 alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else "" 656 return f"{explode}{alias}" 657 658 def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str: 659 scope = self.sql(expression, "scope") 660 scope = f" {scope}" if scope else "" 661 662 scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind") 663 if scope_kind: 664 scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}" 665 666 return f"SHOW {expression.name}{scope_kind}{scope}" 667 668 def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str: 669 # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to 670 # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct 671 group = expression.args.get("group") 672 parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c")) 673 occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1)) 674 position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1)) 675 676 return self.func( 677 "REGEXP_SUBSTR", 678 expression.this, 679 expression.expression, 680 position, 681 occurrence, 682 parameters, 683 group, 684 ) 685 686 def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str: 687 if not expression.args.get("distinct", False): 688 self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake") 689 return super().except_op(expression) 690 691 def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str: 692 if not expression.args.get("distinct", False): 693 self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake") 694 return super().intersect_op(expression) 695 696 def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str: 697 # Default to table if kind is unknown 698 kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE" 699 kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else "" 700 this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 701 expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True) 702 expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else "" 703 return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}" 704 705 def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( 706 self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint 707 ) -> str: 708 start = expression.args.get("start") 709 start = f" START {start}" if start else "" 710 increment = expression.args.get("increment") 711 increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else "" 712 return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}" 713 714 def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str: 715 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 716 return f"SWAP WITH {this}" 717 718 def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str: 719 return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.seg(""), sep=" ")
208class Snowflake(Dialect): 209 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax 210 NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE 211 NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large" 212 TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'" 213 SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False 214 SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False 215 216 TIME_MAPPING = { 217 "YYYY": "%Y", 218 "yyyy": "%Y", 219 "YY": "%y", 220 "yy": "%y", 221 "MMMM": "%B", 222 "mmmm": "%B", 223 "MON": "%b", 224 "mon": "%b", 225 "MM": "%m", 226 "mm": "%m", 227 "DD": "%d", 228 "dd": "%-d", 229 "DY": "%a", 230 "dy": "%w", 231 "HH24": "%H", 232 "hh24": "%H", 233 "HH12": "%I", 234 "hh12": "%I", 235 "MI": "%M", 236 "mi": "%M", 237 "SS": "%S", 238 "ss": "%S", 239 "FF": "%f", 240 "ff": "%f", 241 "FF6": "%f", 242 "ff6": "%f", 243 } 244 245 def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E: 246 # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an 247 # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table 248 if ( 249 isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier) 250 and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table) 251 and expression.name.lower() == "dual" 252 ): 253 return t.cast(E, expression) 254 255 return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify) 256 257 class Parser(parser.Parser): 258 IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True 259 260 TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW} 261 262 FUNCTIONS = { 263 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 264 "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list, 265 "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": exp.Array.from_arg_list, 266 "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains( 267 this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0) 268 ), 269 "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries( 270 # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive 271 start=seq_get(args, 0), 272 end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)), 273 step=seq_get(args, 2), 274 ), 275 "ARRAY_TO_STRING": exp.ArrayJoin.from_arg_list, 276 "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor), 277 "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor), 278 "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor), 279 "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _parse_convert_timezone, 280 "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time, 281 "DATEADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd( 282 this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0) 283 ), 284 "DATEDIFF": _parse_datediff, 285 "DIV0": _div0_to_if, 286 "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list, 287 "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list, 288 "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list, 289 "NULLIFZERO": _nullifzero_to_if, 290 "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _parse_object_construct, 291 "REGEXP_REPLACE": _parse_regexp_replace, 292 "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list, 293 "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list, 294 "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)), 295 "TIMEDIFF": _parse_datediff, 296 "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _parse_datediff, 297 "TO_ARRAY": exp.Array.from_arg_list, 298 "TO_TIMESTAMP": _parse_to_timestamp, 299 "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list, 300 "ZEROIFNULL": _zeroifnull_to_if, 301 } 302 303 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 304 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 305 "DATE_PART": _parse_date_part, 306 } 307 FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM") 308 309 COLUMN_OPERATORS = { 310 **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS, 311 TokenType.COLON: lambda self, this, path: self.expression( 312 exp.Bracket, this=this, expressions=[path] 313 ), 314 } 315 316 TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME} 317 318 RANGE_PARSERS = { 319 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 320 TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny), 321 TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny), 322 } 323 324 ALTER_PARSERS = { 325 **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS, 326 "SET": lambda self: self._parse_set(tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG")), 327 "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression( 328 exp.Set, 329 tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"), 330 expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var), 331 unset=True, 332 ), 333 "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(), 334 } 335 336 STATEMENT_PARSERS = { 337 **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS, 338 TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(), 339 } 340 341 PROPERTY_PARSERS = { 342 **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS, 343 "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location(), 344 } 345 346 SHOW_PARSERS = { 347 "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"), 348 "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"), 349 } 350 351 STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = { 352 TokenType.DOT, 353 TokenType.MOD, 354 TokenType.SLASH, 355 } 356 FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"] 357 358 def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]: 359 lateral = super()._parse_lateral() 360 if not lateral: 361 return lateral 362 363 if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode): 364 table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias") 365 columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS] 366 if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"): 367 table_alias.set("columns", columns) 368 elif not table_alias: 369 exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False) 370 371 return lateral 372 373 def _parse_at_before(self, table: exp.Table) -> exp.Table: 374 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constructs/at-before 375 index = self._index 376 if self._match_texts(("AT", "BEFORE")): 377 this = self._prev.text.upper() 378 kind = ( 379 self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN) 380 and self._match_texts(self.HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND) 381 and self._prev.text.upper() 382 ) 383 expression = self._match(TokenType.FARROW) and self._parse_bitwise() 384 385 if expression: 386 self._match_r_paren() 387 when = self.expression( 388 exp.HistoricalData, this=this, kind=kind, expression=expression 389 ) 390 table.set("when", when) 391 else: 392 self._retreat(index) 393 394 return table 395 396 def _parse_table_parts(self, schema: bool = False) -> exp.Table: 397 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage 398 if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False): 399 table = self._parse_string() 400 elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False): 401 table = self._parse_location_path() 402 else: 403 table = None 404 405 if table: 406 file_format = None 407 pattern = None 408 409 self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN) 410 while self._curr and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN): 411 if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"): 412 file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts() 413 elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"): 414 pattern = self._parse_string() 415 else: 416 break 417 418 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 419 420 table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern) 421 else: 422 table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema) 423 424 return self._parse_at_before(table) 425 426 def _parse_id_var( 427 self, 428 any_token: bool = True, 429 tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None, 430 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 431 if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("): 432 identifier = ( 433 super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens) 434 or self._parse_string() 435 ) 436 self._match_r_paren() 437 return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier]) 438 439 return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens) 440 441 def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show: 442 scope = None 443 scope_kind = None 444 445 if self._match(TokenType.IN): 446 if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"): 447 scope_kind = "ACCOUNT" 448 elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES): 449 scope_kind = self._prev.text 450 if self._curr: 451 scope = self._parse_table() 452 elif self._curr: 453 scope_kind = "TABLE" 454 scope = self._parse_table() 455 456 return self.expression(exp.Show, this=this, scope=scope, scope_kind=scope_kind) 457 458 def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable: 459 self._match_text_seq("WITH") 460 return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True)) 461 462 def _parse_location(self) -> exp.LocationProperty: 463 self._match(TokenType.EQ) 464 return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path()) 465 466 def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var: 467 parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)] 468 469 # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar 470 # can be joined in a query with a comma separator. 471 while self._is_connected() and not self._match(TokenType.COMMA, advance=False): 472 parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)) 473 474 return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part)) 475 476 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 477 STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"] 478 HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")] 479 RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"] 480 COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")] 481 482 KEYWORDS = { 483 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 484 "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT, 485 "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 486 "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 487 "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT, 488 "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY, 489 "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY, 490 "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE, 491 "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT, 492 "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 493 "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND, 494 "RENAME": TokenType.REPLACE, 495 "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE, 496 "TIMESTAMP_LTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ, 497 "TIMESTAMP_NTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMP, 498 "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ, 499 "TIMESTAMPNTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMP, 500 "TOP": TokenType.TOP, 501 } 502 503 SINGLE_TOKENS = { 504 **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS, 505 "$": TokenType.PARAMETER, 506 } 507 508 VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"} 509 510 COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW} 511 512 class Generator(generator.Generator): 513 PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$" 514 MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False 515 SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True 516 JOIN_HINTS = False 517 TABLE_HINTS = False 518 QUERY_HINTS = False 519 AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False 520 SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False 521 COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True 522 LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True 523 524 TRANSFORMS = { 525 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 526 exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"), 527 exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"), 528 exp.Array: inline_array_sql, 529 exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"), 530 exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this), 531 exp.ArrayJoin: rename_func("ARRAY_TO_STRING"), 532 exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func( 533 "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this 534 ), 535 exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"), 536 exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"), 537 exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"), 538 exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql, 539 exp.DataType: _datatype_sql, 540 exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"), 541 exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"), 542 exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"), 543 exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"), 544 exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"), 545 exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func( 546 "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step") 547 ), 548 exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"), 549 exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"), 550 exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"), 551 exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"), 552 exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 553 exp.Max: max_or_greatest, 554 exp.Min: min_or_least, 555 exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}", 556 exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess( 557 [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles] 558 ), 559 exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess( 560 [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles] 561 ), 562 exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql, 563 exp.Select: transforms.preprocess( 564 [ 565 transforms.eliminate_distinct_on, 566 transforms.explode_to_unnest(), 567 transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins, 568 ] 569 ), 570 exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"), 571 exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 572 exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"), 573 exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func( 574 "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position") 575 ), 576 exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 577 exp.Struct: lambda self, e: self.func( 578 "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", 579 *(arg for expression in e.expressions for arg in expression.flatten()), 580 ), 581 exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"), 582 exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql, 583 exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql, 584 exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func( 585 "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, "timestamp"), self.format_time(e) 586 ), 587 exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})", 588 exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e), 589 exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression), 590 exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True), 591 exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"), 592 exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("snowflake"), 593 exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql, 594 exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 595 exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"), 596 exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"), 597 } 598 599 TYPE_MAPPING = { 600 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 601 exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "TIMESTAMPNTZ", 602 } 603 604 STAR_MAPPING = { 605 "except": "EXCLUDE", 606 "replace": "RENAME", 607 } 608 609 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 610 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 611 exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 612 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 613 } 614 615 def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str: 616 value = expression.this 617 618 if value.type is None: 619 from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types 620 621 value = annotate_types(value) 622 623 if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN): 624 return super().trycast_sql(expression) 625 626 # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake 627 return self.cast_sql(expression) 628 629 def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str: 630 if not expression.expression: 631 return self.func("LN", expression.this) 632 633 return super().log_sql(expression) 634 635 def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str: 636 unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias") 637 offset = expression.args.get("offset") 638 639 columns = [ 640 exp.to_identifier("seq"), 641 exp.to_identifier("key"), 642 exp.to_identifier("path"), 643 offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"), 644 seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0) 645 or exp.to_identifier("value"), 646 exp.to_identifier("this"), 647 ] 648 649 if unnest_alias: 650 unnest_alias.set("columns", columns) 651 else: 652 unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns) 653 654 explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))" 655 alias = self.sql(unnest_alias) 656 alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else "" 657 return f"{explode}{alias}" 658 659 def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str: 660 scope = self.sql(expression, "scope") 661 scope = f" {scope}" if scope else "" 662 663 scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind") 664 if scope_kind: 665 scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}" 666 667 return f"SHOW {expression.name}{scope_kind}{scope}" 668 669 def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str: 670 # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to 671 # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct 672 group = expression.args.get("group") 673 parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c")) 674 occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1)) 675 position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1)) 676 677 return self.func( 678 "REGEXP_SUBSTR", 679 expression.this, 680 expression.expression, 681 position, 682 occurrence, 683 parameters, 684 group, 685 ) 686 687 def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str: 688 if not expression.args.get("distinct", False): 689 self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake") 690 return super().except_op(expression) 691 692 def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str: 693 if not expression.args.get("distinct", False): 694 self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake") 695 return super().intersect_op(expression) 696 697 def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str: 698 # Default to table if kind is unknown 699 kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE" 700 kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else "" 701 this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 702 expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True) 703 expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else "" 704 return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}" 705 706 def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( 707 self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint 708 ) -> str: 709 start = expression.args.get("start") 710 start = f" START {start}" if start else "" 711 increment = expression.args.get("increment") 712 increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else "" 713 return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}" 714 715 def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str: 716 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 717 return f"SWAP WITH {this}" 718 719 def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str: 720 return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.seg(""), sep=" ")
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] =
{'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF': '%f', 'ff': '%f', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}
def
quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E:
245 def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E: 246 # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an 247 # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table 248 if ( 249 isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier) 250 and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table) 251 and expression.name.lower() == "dual" 252 ): 253 return t.cast(E, expression) 254 255 return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
tokenizer_class =
<class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
parser_class =
<class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class =
<class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict =
{'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict =
{'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] =
{'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict =
{'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
- Dialect
- INDEX_OFFSET
- UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
- ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE
- IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT
- DPIPE_IS_STRING_CONCAT
- STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
- NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
- LOG_BASE_FIRST
- TYPED_DIVISION
- SAFE_DIVISION
- CONCAT_COALESCE
- DATE_FORMAT
- DATEINT_FORMAT
- FORMAT_MAPPING
- ESCAPE_SEQUENCES
- PSEUDOCOLUMNS
- get_or_raise
- format_time
- normalize_identifier
- case_sensitive
- can_identify
- parse
- parse_into
- generate
- transpile
- tokenize
- tokenizer
- parser
- generator
257 class Parser(parser.Parser): 258 IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True 259 260 TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW} 261 262 FUNCTIONS = { 263 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 264 "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list, 265 "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": exp.Array.from_arg_list, 266 "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains( 267 this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0) 268 ), 269 "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries( 270 # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive 271 start=seq_get(args, 0), 272 end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)), 273 step=seq_get(args, 2), 274 ), 275 "ARRAY_TO_STRING": exp.ArrayJoin.from_arg_list, 276 "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor), 277 "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor), 278 "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor), 279 "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _parse_convert_timezone, 280 "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time, 281 "DATEADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd( 282 this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0) 283 ), 284 "DATEDIFF": _parse_datediff, 285 "DIV0": _div0_to_if, 286 "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list, 287 "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list, 288 "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list, 289 "NULLIFZERO": _nullifzero_to_if, 290 "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _parse_object_construct, 291 "REGEXP_REPLACE": _parse_regexp_replace, 292 "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list, 293 "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list, 294 "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)), 295 "TIMEDIFF": _parse_datediff, 296 "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _parse_datediff, 297 "TO_ARRAY": exp.Array.from_arg_list, 298 "TO_TIMESTAMP": _parse_to_timestamp, 299 "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list, 300 "ZEROIFNULL": _zeroifnull_to_if, 301 } 302 303 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 304 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 305 "DATE_PART": _parse_date_part, 306 } 307 FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM") 308 309 COLUMN_OPERATORS = { 310 **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS, 311 TokenType.COLON: lambda self, this, path: self.expression( 312 exp.Bracket, this=this, expressions=[path] 313 ), 314 } 315 316 TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME} 317 318 RANGE_PARSERS = { 319 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 320 TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny), 321 TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny), 322 } 323 324 ALTER_PARSERS = { 325 **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS, 326 "SET": lambda self: self._parse_set(tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG")), 327 "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression( 328 exp.Set, 329 tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"), 330 expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var), 331 unset=True, 332 ), 333 "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(), 334 } 335 336 STATEMENT_PARSERS = { 337 **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS, 338 TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(), 339 } 340 341 PROPERTY_PARSERS = { 342 **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS, 343 "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location(), 344 } 345 346 SHOW_PARSERS = { 347 "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"), 348 "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"), 349 } 350 351 STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = { 352 TokenType.DOT, 353 TokenType.MOD, 354 TokenType.SLASH, 355 } 356 FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"] 357 358 def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]: 359 lateral = super()._parse_lateral() 360 if not lateral: 361 return lateral 362 363 if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode): 364 table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias") 365 columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS] 366 if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"): 367 table_alias.set("columns", columns) 368 elif not table_alias: 369 exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False) 370 371 return lateral 372 373 def _parse_at_before(self, table: exp.Table) -> exp.Table: 374 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constructs/at-before 375 index = self._index 376 if self._match_texts(("AT", "BEFORE")): 377 this = self._prev.text.upper() 378 kind = ( 379 self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN) 380 and self._match_texts(self.HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND) 381 and self._prev.text.upper() 382 ) 383 expression = self._match(TokenType.FARROW) and self._parse_bitwise() 384 385 if expression: 386 self._match_r_paren() 387 when = self.expression( 388 exp.HistoricalData, this=this, kind=kind, expression=expression 389 ) 390 table.set("when", when) 391 else: 392 self._retreat(index) 393 394 return table 395 396 def _parse_table_parts(self, schema: bool = False) -> exp.Table: 397 # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage 398 if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False): 399 table = self._parse_string() 400 elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False): 401 table = self._parse_location_path() 402 else: 403 table = None 404 405 if table: 406 file_format = None 407 pattern = None 408 409 self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN) 410 while self._curr and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN): 411 if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"): 412 file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts() 413 elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"): 414 pattern = self._parse_string() 415 else: 416 break 417 418 self._match(TokenType.COMMA) 419 420 table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern) 421 else: 422 table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema) 423 424 return self._parse_at_before(table) 425 426 def _parse_id_var( 427 self, 428 any_token: bool = True, 429 tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None, 430 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 431 if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("): 432 identifier = ( 433 super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens) 434 or self._parse_string() 435 ) 436 self._match_r_paren() 437 return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier]) 438 439 return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens) 440 441 def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show: 442 scope = None 443 scope_kind = None 444 445 if self._match(TokenType.IN): 446 if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"): 447 scope_kind = "ACCOUNT" 448 elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES): 449 scope_kind = self._prev.text 450 if self._curr: 451 scope = self._parse_table() 452 elif self._curr: 453 scope_kind = "TABLE" 454 scope = self._parse_table() 455 456 return self.expression(exp.Show, this=this, scope=scope, scope_kind=scope_kind) 457 458 def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable: 459 self._match_text_seq("WITH") 460 return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True)) 461 462 def _parse_location(self) -> exp.LocationProperty: 463 self._match(TokenType.EQ) 464 return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path()) 465 466 def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var: 467 parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)] 468 469 # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar 470 # can be joined in a query with a comma separator. 471 while self._is_connected() and not self._match(TokenType.COMMA, advance=False): 472 parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)) 473 474 return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.
Arguments:
- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: Determines the amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS =
{<TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>}
FUNCTIONS =
{'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayJoin'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'COALESCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _parse_datediff>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hex'>>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DATE_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDateOfMonth'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function parse_logarithm>, 'LOG10': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log10'>>, 'LOG2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log2'>>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _parse_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UPPER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function parse_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function parse_like>, 'ARRAYAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayJoin'>>, 'BITXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BIT_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BOOLXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function _parse_convert_timezone>, 'DATEADD': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DIV0': <function _div0_to_if>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'LISTAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _nullifzero_to_if>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _parse_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _parse_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _parse_datediff>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _parse_to_timestamp>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _zeroifnull_to_if>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS =
{'ANY_VALUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function _parse_date_part>}
COLUMN_OPERATORS =
{<TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>: None, <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS =
{<TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>}
RANGE_PARSERS =
{<TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>.<lambda>>}
ALTER_PARSERS =
{'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS =
{<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS =
{'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_PARSERS =
{'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS =
{<TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>}
SET_TRIE: Dict =
{'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.parser.Parser
- Parser
- NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
- STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
- NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
- ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
- TYPE_TOKENS
- SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
- SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
- RESERVED_TOKENS
- DB_CREATABLES
- CREATABLES
- ID_VAR_TOKENS
- INTERVAL_VARS
- COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
- UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
- TRIM_TYPES
- FUNC_TOKENS
- CONJUNCTION
- EQUALITY
- COMPARISON
- BITWISE
- TERM
- FACTOR
- EXPONENT
- TIMES
- SET_OPERATIONS
- JOIN_METHODS
- JOIN_SIDES
- JOIN_KINDS
- JOIN_HINTS
- LAMBDAS
- EXPRESSION_PARSERS
- UNARY_PARSERS
- PRIMARY_PARSERS
- PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
- CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
- SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
- NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
- INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
- FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
- QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
- SET_PARSERS
- TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
- MODIFIABLES
- DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
- PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
- TRANSACTION_KIND
- TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
- INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
- CLONE_KEYWORDS
- HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
- OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
- OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
- TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
- WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
- WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
- WINDOW_SIDES
- FETCH_TOKENS
- ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
- DISTINCT_TOKENS
- NULL_TOKENS
- UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
- STRICT_CAST
- PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
- LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
- ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
- TABLESAMPLE_CSV
- SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
- TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
- MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_UNION
- UNION_MODIFIERS
- error_level
- error_message_context
- max_errors
- dialect
- reset
- parse
- parse_into
- check_errors
- raise_error
- expression
- validate_expression
- errors
- sql
476 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 477 STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"] 478 HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")] 479 RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"] 480 COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")] 481 482 KEYWORDS = { 483 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 484 "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT, 485 "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 486 "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 487 "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT, 488 "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY, 489 "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY, 490 "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE, 491 "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT, 492 "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR, 493 "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND, 494 "RENAME": TokenType.REPLACE, 495 "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE, 496 "TIMESTAMP_LTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ, 497 "TIMESTAMP_NTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMP, 498 "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ, 499 "TIMESTAMPNTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMP, 500 "TOP": TokenType.TOP, 501 } 502 503 SINGLE_TOKENS = { 504 **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS, 505 "$": TokenType.PARAMETER, 506 } 507 508 VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"} 509 510 COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
KEYWORDS =
{'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '/*+': <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS =
{'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, "'": <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '`': <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, '"': <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
512 class Generator(generator.Generator): 513 PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$" 514 MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False 515 SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True 516 JOIN_HINTS = False 517 TABLE_HINTS = False 518 QUERY_HINTS = False 519 AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False 520 SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False 521 COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True 522 LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True 523 524 TRANSFORMS = { 525 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 526 exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"), 527 exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"), 528 exp.Array: inline_array_sql, 529 exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("ARRAY_CAT"), 530 exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this), 531 exp.ArrayJoin: rename_func("ARRAY_TO_STRING"), 532 exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func( 533 "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this 534 ), 535 exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"), 536 exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"), 537 exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"), 538 exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql, 539 exp.DataType: _datatype_sql, 540 exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"), 541 exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"), 542 exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"), 543 exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"), 544 exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"), 545 exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func( 546 "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step") 547 ), 548 exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"), 549 exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"), 550 exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"), 551 exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"), 552 exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 553 exp.Max: max_or_greatest, 554 exp.Min: min_or_least, 555 exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}", 556 exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess( 557 [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles] 558 ), 559 exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess( 560 [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles] 561 ), 562 exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql, 563 exp.Select: transforms.preprocess( 564 [ 565 transforms.eliminate_distinct_on, 566 transforms.explode_to_unnest(), 567 transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins, 568 ] 569 ), 570 exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"), 571 exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 572 exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"), 573 exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func( 574 "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position") 575 ), 576 exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: f"TO_TIMESTAMP({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.format_time(e)})", 577 exp.Struct: lambda self, e: self.func( 578 "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", 579 *(arg for expression in e.expressions for arg in expression.flatten()), 580 ), 581 exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"), 582 exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql, 583 exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql, 584 exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func( 585 "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, "timestamp"), self.format_time(e) 586 ), 587 exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})", 588 exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e), 589 exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression), 590 exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True), 591 exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"), 592 exp.TsOrDsToDate: ts_or_ds_to_date_sql("snowflake"), 593 exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql, 594 exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"), 595 exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"), 596 exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"), 597 } 598 599 TYPE_MAPPING = { 600 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 601 exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "TIMESTAMPNTZ", 602 } 603 604 STAR_MAPPING = { 605 "except": "EXCLUDE", 606 "replace": "RENAME", 607 } 608 609 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 610 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 611 exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 612 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 613 } 614 615 def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str: 616 value = expression.this 617 618 if value.type is None: 619 from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types 620 621 value = annotate_types(value) 622 623 if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN): 624 return super().trycast_sql(expression) 625 626 # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake 627 return self.cast_sql(expression) 628 629 def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str: 630 if not expression.expression: 631 return self.func("LN", expression.this) 632 633 return super().log_sql(expression) 634 635 def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str: 636 unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias") 637 offset = expression.args.get("offset") 638 639 columns = [ 640 exp.to_identifier("seq"), 641 exp.to_identifier("key"), 642 exp.to_identifier("path"), 643 offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"), 644 seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0) 645 or exp.to_identifier("value"), 646 exp.to_identifier("this"), 647 ] 648 649 if unnest_alias: 650 unnest_alias.set("columns", columns) 651 else: 652 unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns) 653 654 explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))" 655 alias = self.sql(unnest_alias) 656 alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else "" 657 return f"{explode}{alias}" 658 659 def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str: 660 scope = self.sql(expression, "scope") 661 scope = f" {scope}" if scope else "" 662 663 scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind") 664 if scope_kind: 665 scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}" 666 667 return f"SHOW {expression.name}{scope_kind}{scope}" 668 669 def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str: 670 # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to 671 # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct 672 group = expression.args.get("group") 673 parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c")) 674 occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1)) 675 position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1)) 676 677 return self.func( 678 "REGEXP_SUBSTR", 679 expression.this, 680 expression.expression, 681 position, 682 occurrence, 683 parameters, 684 group, 685 ) 686 687 def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str: 688 if not expression.args.get("distinct", False): 689 self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake") 690 return super().except_op(expression) 691 692 def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str: 693 if not expression.args.get("distinct", False): 694 self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake") 695 return super().intersect_op(expression) 696 697 def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str: 698 # Default to table if kind is unknown 699 kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE" 700 kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else "" 701 this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 702 expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True) 703 expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else "" 704 return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}" 705 706 def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( 707 self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint 708 ) -> str: 709 start = expression.args.get("start") 710 start = f" START {start}" if start else "" 711 increment = expression.args.get("increment") 712 increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else "" 713 return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}" 714 715 def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str: 716 this = self.sql(expression, "this") 717 return f"SWAP WITH {this}" 718 719 def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str: 720 return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.seg(""), sep=" ")
Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.
Arguments:
- pretty: Whether or not to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether or not to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: Determines the pad size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- indent: Determines the indentation size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: Whether or not to normalize all function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Determines whether or not the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether or not to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
TRANSFORMS =
{<class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CheckColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayJoin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataType'>: <function _datatype_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function ts_or_ds_to_date_sql.<locals>._ts_or_ds_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
TYPE_MAPPING =
{<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION =
{<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
615 def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str: 616 value = expression.this 617 618 if value.type is None: 619 from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types 620 621 value = annotate_types(value) 622 623 if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN): 624 return super().trycast_sql(expression) 625 626 # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake 627 return self.cast_sql(expression)
635 def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str: 636 unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias") 637 offset = expression.args.get("offset") 638 639 columns = [ 640 exp.to_identifier("seq"), 641 exp.to_identifier("key"), 642 exp.to_identifier("path"), 643 offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"), 644 seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0) 645 or exp.to_identifier("value"), 646 exp.to_identifier("this"), 647 ] 648 649 if unnest_alias: 650 unnest_alias.set("columns", columns) 651 else: 652 unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns) 653 654 explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))" 655 alias = self.sql(unnest_alias) 656 alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else "" 657 return f"{explode}{alias}"
659 def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str: 660 scope = self.sql(expression, "scope") 661 scope = f" {scope}" if scope else "" 662 663 scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind") 664 if scope_kind: 665 scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}" 666 667 return f"SHOW {expression.name}{scope_kind}{scope}"
669 def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str: 670 # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to 671 # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct 672 group = expression.args.get("group") 673 parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c")) 674 occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1)) 675 position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1)) 676 677 return self.func( 678 "REGEXP_SUBSTR", 679 expression.this, 680 expression.expression, 681 position, 682 occurrence, 683 parameters, 684 group, 685 )
697 def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str: 698 # Default to table if kind is unknown 699 kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE" 700 kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else "" 701 this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 702 expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True) 703 expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else "" 704 return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
def
generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str:
706 def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( 707 self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint 708 ) -> str: 709 start = expression.args.get("start") 710 start = f" START {start}" if start else "" 711 increment = expression.args.get("increment") 712 increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else "" 713 return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.generator.Generator
- Generator
- NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
- LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
- EXPLICIT_UNION
- WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
- CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
- INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
- TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
- TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT
- LIMIT_FETCH
- RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
- GROUPINGS_SEP
- INDEX_ON
- QUERY_HINT_SEP
- IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
- DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
- LIMIT_IS_TOP
- RETURNING_END
- COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS_SUPPORTED
- EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
- TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
- NVL2_SUPPORTED
- VALUES_AS_TABLE
- ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
- UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
- SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
- COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
- TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
- DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
- ENSURE_BOOLS
- CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
- SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
- TIME_PART_SINGULARS
- TOKEN_MAPPING
- STRUCT_DELIMITER
- RESERVED_KEYWORDS
- WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
- EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
- UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
- EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
- KEY_VALUE_DEFINITONS
- SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
- pretty
- identify
- normalize
- pad
- unsupported_level
- max_unsupported
- leading_comma
- max_text_width
- comments
- dialect
- normalize_functions
- unsupported_messages
- generate
- preprocess
- unsupported
- sep
- seg
- pad_comment
- maybe_comment
- wrap
- no_identify
- normalize_func
- indent
- sql
- uncache_sql
- cache_sql
- characterset_sql
- column_sql
- columnposition_sql
- columndef_sql
- columnconstraint_sql
- computedcolumnconstraint_sql
- autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
- compresscolumnconstraint_sql
- generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
- periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
- notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
- transformcolumnconstraint_sql
- primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
- uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
- createable_sql
- create_sql
- clone_sql
- prepend_ctes
- with_sql
- cte_sql
- tablealias_sql
- bitstring_sql
- hexstring_sql
- bytestring_sql
- rawstring_sql
- datatypeparam_sql
- datatype_sql
- directory_sql
- delete_sql
- drop_sql
- except_sql
- fetch_sql
- filter_sql
- hint_sql
- index_sql
- identifier_sql
- inputoutputformat_sql
- national_sql
- partition_sql
- properties_sql
- root_properties
- properties
- locate_properties
- property_name
- property_sql
- likeproperty_sql
- fallbackproperty_sql
- journalproperty_sql
- freespaceproperty_sql
- checksumproperty_sql
- mergeblockratioproperty_sql
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- blockcompressionproperty_sql
- isolatedloadingproperty_sql
- partitionboundspec_sql
- partitionedofproperty_sql
- lockingproperty_sql
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- withsystemversioningproperty_sql
- insert_sql
- intersect_sql
- introducer_sql
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- pseudotype_sql
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- returning_sql
- rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
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- historicaldata_sql
- table_sql
- tablesample_sql
- pivot_sql
- version_sql
- tuple_sql
- update_sql
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- var_sql
- into_sql
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- group_sql
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- connect_sql
- prior_sql
- join_sql
- lambda_sql
- lateral_sql
- limit_sql
- offset_sql
- setitem_sql
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- pragma_sql
- lock_sql
- literal_sql
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- loaddata_sql
- null_sql
- boolean_sql
- order_sql
- cluster_sql
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- sort_sql
- ordered_sql
- matchrecognize_sql
- query_modifiers
- offset_limit_modifiers
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- select_sql
- schema_sql
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- placeholder_sql
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- if_sql
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- jsonkeyvalue_sql
- formatjson_sql
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- jsonarrayagg_sql
- jsoncolumndef_sql
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- renametable_sql
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- distinct_sql
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- respectnulls_sql
- intdiv_sql
- dpipe_sql
- div_sql
- overlaps_sql
- distance_sql
- dot_sql
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- escape_sql
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- oncluster_sql
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- anyvalue_sql
- querytransform_sql
- indexconstraintoption_sql
- indexcolumnconstraint_sql
- nvl2_sql
- comprehension_sql
- columnprefix_sql
- opclass_sql
- predict_sql
- forin_sql
- refresh_sql
- operator_sql