import datetime
import math
import sys
import unittest
from sqlglot import ParseError, alias, exp, parse_one
class TestExpressions(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def test_to_s(self):
self.assertEqual(repr(parse_one("5")), "Literal(this=5, is_string=False)")
self.assertEqual(repr(parse_one("5.3")), "Literal(this=5.3, is_string=False)")
self.assertEqual(repr(parse_one("True")), "Boolean(this=True)")
self.assertEqual(repr(parse_one("' x'")), "Literal(this=' x', is_string=True)")
self.assertEqual(repr(parse_one("' \n x'")), "Literal(this=' \\n x', is_string=True)")
self.assertEqual(
repr(parse_one(" x ")), "Column(\n this=Identifier(this=x, quoted=False))"
)
self.assertEqual(
repr(parse_one('" x "')), "Column(\n this=Identifier(this=' x ', quoted=True))"
)
def test_arg_key(self):
self.assertEqual(parse_one("sum(1)").find(exp.Literal).arg_key, "this")
def test_depth(self):
self.assertEqual(parse_one("x(1)").find(exp.Literal).depth, 1)
def test_iter(self):
self.assertEqual([exp.Literal.number(1), exp.Literal.number(2)], list(parse_one("[1, 2]")))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
for x in parse_one("1"):
pass
def test_eq(self):
query = parse_one("SELECT x FROM t")
self.assertEqual(query, query.copy())
self.assertNotEqual(exp.to_identifier("a"), exp.to_identifier("A"))
self.assertEqual(
exp.Column(table=exp.to_identifier("b"), this=exp.to_identifier("b")),
exp.Column(this=exp.to_identifier("b"), table=exp.to_identifier("b")),
)
self.assertNotEqual(exp.to_identifier("a", quoted=True), exp.to_identifier("A"))
self.assertNotEqual(exp.to_identifier("A", quoted=True), exp.to_identifier("A"))
self.assertNotEqual(
exp.to_identifier("A", quoted=True), exp.to_identifier("a", quoted=True)
)
self.assertNotEqual(parse_one("'x'"), parse_one("'X'"))
self.assertNotEqual(parse_one("'1'"), parse_one("1"))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("`a`", read="hive"), parse_one('"a"'))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("`a`", read="hive"), parse_one('"a" '))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("`a`.`b`", read="hive"), parse_one('"a"."b"'))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("select a, b+1"), parse_one("SELECT a, b + 1"))
self.assertNotEqual(parse_one("`a`.`b`.`c`", read="hive"), parse_one("a.b.c"))
self.assertNotEqual(parse_one("a.b.c.d", read="hive"), parse_one("a.b.c"))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("a.b.c.d", read="hive"), parse_one("a.b.c.d"))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("a + b * c - 1.0"), parse_one("a+b*c-1.0"))
self.assertNotEqual(parse_one("a + b * c - 1.0"), parse_one("a + b * c + 1.0"))
self.assertEqual(parse_one("a as b"), parse_one("a AS b"))
self.assertNotEqual(parse_one("a as b"), parse_one("a"))
self.assertEqual(
parse_one("ROW() OVER(Partition by y)"),
parse_one("ROW() OVER (partition BY y)"),
)
self.assertEqual(exp.Table(pivots=[]), exp.Table())
self.assertNotEqual(exp.Table(pivots=[None]), exp.Table())
self.assertEqual(
exp.DataType.build("int"), exp.DataType(this=exp.DataType.Type.INT, nested=False)
)
def test_find(self):
expression = parse_one("CREATE TABLE x STORED AS PARQUET AS SELECT * FROM y")
self.assertTrue(expression.find(exp.Create))
self.assertFalse(expression.find(exp.Group))
self.assertEqual(
[table.name for table in expression.find_all(exp.Table)],
["x", "y"],
)
def test_find_all(self):
expression = parse_one(
"""
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT b.*
FROM a.b b
) x
JOIN (
SELECT c.foo
FROM a.c c
WHERE foo = 1
) y
ON x.c = y.foo
CROSS JOIN (
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT d.bar
FROM d
) nested
) z
ON x.c = y.foo
"""
)
self.assertEqual(
[table.name for table in expression.find_all(exp.Table)],
["b", "c", "d"],
)
expression = parse_one("select a + b + c + d")
self.assertEqual(
[column.name for column in expression.find_all(exp.Column)],
["d", "c", "a", "b"],
)
self.assertEqual(
[column.name for column in expression.find_all(exp.Column, bfs=False)],
["a", "b", "c", "d"],
)
def test_find_ancestor(self):
column = parse_one("select * from foo where (a + 1 > 2)").find(exp.Column)
self.assertIsInstance(column, exp.Column)
self.assertIsInstance(column.parent_select, exp.Select)
self.assertIsNone(column.find_ancestor(exp.Join))
def test_to_dot(self):
orig = parse_one('a.b.c."d".e.f')
self.assertEqual(".".join(str(p) for p in orig.parts), 'a.b.c."d".e.f')
self.assertEqual(
".".join(
str(p)
for p in exp.Dot.build(
[
exp.to_table("a.b.c"),
exp.to_identifier("d"),
exp.to_identifier("e"),
exp.to_identifier("f"),
]
).parts
),
"a.b.c.d.e.f",
)
self.assertEqual(".".join(str(p) for p in orig.parts), 'a.b.c."d".e.f')
column = orig.find(exp.Column)
dot = column.to_dot()
self.assertEqual(dot.sql(), 'a.b.c."d".e.f')
self.assertEqual(
dot,
exp.Dot(
this=exp.Dot(
this=exp.Dot(
this=exp.Dot(
this=exp.Dot(
this=exp.to_identifier("a"),
expression=exp.to_identifier("b"),
),
expression=exp.to_identifier("c"),
),
expression=exp.to_identifier("d", quoted=True),
),
expression=exp.to_identifier("e"),
),
expression=exp.to_identifier("f"),
),
)
def test_root(self):
ast = parse_one("select * from (select a from x)")
self.assertIs(ast, ast.root())
self.assertIs(ast, ast.find(exp.Column).root())
def test_alias_or_name(self):
expression = parse_one(
"SELECT a, b AS B, c + d AS e, *, 'zz', 'zz' AS z FROM foo as bar, baz"
)
self.assertEqual(
[e.alias_or_name for e in expression.expressions],
["a", "B", "e", "*", "zz", "z"],
)
self.assertEqual(
{e.alias_or_name for e in expression.find_all(exp.Table)},
{"bar", "baz"},
)
expression = parse_one(
"""
WITH first AS (SELECT * FROM foo),
second AS (SELECT * FROM bar)
SELECT * FROM first, second, (SELECT * FROM baz) AS third
"""
)
self.assertEqual(
[e.alias_or_name for e in expression.args["with"].expressions],
["first", "second"],
)
self.assertEqual("first", expression.args["from"].alias_or_name)
self.assertEqual(
[e.alias_or_name for e in expression.args["joins"]],
["second", "third"],
)
self.assertEqual(parse_one("x.*").name, "*")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("NULL").name, "NULL")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("a.b.c").name, "c")
def test_table_name(self):
bq_dashed_table = exp.to_table("a-1.b.c", dialect="bigquery")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(bq_dashed_table), '"a-1".b.c')
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(bq_dashed_table, dialect="bigquery"), "`a-1`.b.c")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name("a-1.b.c", dialect="bigquery"), "`a-1`.b.c")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(parse_one("a", into=exp.Table)), "a")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(parse_one("a.b", into=exp.Table)), "a.b")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(parse_one("a.b.c", into=exp.Table)), "a.b.c")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name("a.b.c"), "a.b.c")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(exp.to_table("a.b.c.d.e", dialect="bigquery")), "a.b.c.d.e")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(exp.to_table("'@foo'", dialect="snowflake")), "'@foo'")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(exp.to_table("@foo", dialect="snowflake")), "@foo")
self.assertEqual(exp.table_name(bq_dashed_table, identify=True), '"a-1"."b"."c"')
self.assertEqual(
exp.table_name(parse_one("foo.`{bar,er}`", read="databricks"), dialect="databricks"),
"foo.`{bar,er}`",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.table_name(parse_one("/*c*/foo.bar", into=exp.Table), identify=True), '"foo"."bar"'
)
def test_table(self):
self.assertEqual(exp.table_("a", alias="b"), parse_one("select * from a b").find(exp.Table))
self.assertEqual(exp.table_("a", "").sql(), "a")
self.assertEqual(exp.Table(db=exp.to_identifier("a")).sql(), "a")
def test_replace_tables(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_tables(
parse_one(
'select * from a AS a, b, c.a, d.a cross join e.a cross join "f-F"."A" cross join G'
),
{
"a": "a1",
"b": "b.a",
"c.a": "c.a2",
"d.a": "d2",
"`f-F`.`A`": '"F"',
"g": "g1.a",
},
dialect="bigquery",
).sql(),
'SELECT * FROM a1 AS a /* a */, b.a /* b */, c.a2 /* c.a */, d2 /* d.a */ CROSS JOIN e.a CROSS JOIN "F" /* f-F.A */ CROSS JOIN g1.a /* g */',
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_tables(
parse_one("select * from example.table", dialect="bigquery"),
{"example.table": "`my-project.example.table`"},
dialect="bigquery",
).sql(),
'SELECT * FROM "my-project"."example"."table" /* example.table */',
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_tables(
parse_one("select * from example.table /* sqlglot.meta replace=false */"),
{"example.table": "a.b"},
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM example.table /* sqlglot.meta replace=false */",
)
def test_expand(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.expand(
parse_one('select * from "a-b"."C" AS a'),
{
"`a-b`.`c`": parse_one("select 1"),
},
dialect="spark",
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1) AS a /* source: a-b.c */",
)
def test_expand_with_lazy_source_provider(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.expand(
parse_one('select * from "a-b"."C" AS a'),
{"`a-b`.c": lambda: parse_one("select 1", dialect="spark")},
dialect="spark",
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1) AS a /* source: a-b.c */",
)
def test_replace_placeholders(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from :tbl1 JOIN :tbl2 ON :col1 = :str1 WHERE :col2 > :int1"),
tbl1=exp.to_identifier("foo"),
tbl2=exp.to_identifier("bar"),
col1=exp.to_identifier("a"),
col2=exp.to_identifier("c"),
str1="b",
int1=100,
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar ON a = 'b' WHERE c > 100",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from ? JOIN ? ON ? = ? WHERE ? = 'bla'"),
exp.to_identifier("foo"),
exp.to_identifier("bar"),
exp.to_identifier("a"),
"b",
"bla",
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar ON a = 'b' WHERE 'bla' = 'bla'",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from ? WHERE ? > 100"),
exp.to_identifier("foo"),
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM foo WHERE ? > 100",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from :name WHERE ? > 100"), another_name="bla"
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM :name WHERE ? > 100",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from (SELECT :col1 FROM ?) WHERE :col2 > ?"),
exp.to_identifier("tbl1"),
100,
"tbl3",
col1=exp.to_identifier("a"),
col2=exp.to_identifier("b"),
col3="c",
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM (SELECT a FROM tbl1) WHERE b > 100",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from foo WHERE x > ? AND y IS ?"), 0, False
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM foo WHERE x > 0 AND y IS FALSE",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.replace_placeholders(
parse_one("select * from foo WHERE x > :int1 AND y IS :bool1"), int1=0, bool1=False
).sql(),
"SELECT * FROM foo WHERE x > 0 AND y IS FALSE",
)
def test_function_building(self):
self.assertEqual(exp.func("max", 1).sql(), "MAX(1)")
self.assertEqual(exp.func("max", 1, 2).sql(), "MAX(1, 2)")
self.assertEqual(exp.func("bla", 1, "foo").sql(), "BLA(1, foo)")
self.assertEqual(exp.func("COUNT", exp.Star()).sql(), "COUNT(*)")
self.assertEqual(exp.func("bloo").sql(), "BLOO()")
self.assertEqual(exp.func("concat", exp.convert("a")).sql("duckdb"), "CONCAT('a')")
self.assertEqual(
exp.func("locate", "'x'", "'xo'", dialect="hive").sql("hive"), "LOCATE('x', 'xo')"
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.func("log", exp.to_identifier("x"), 2, dialect="bigquery").sql("bigquery"),
"LOG(x, 2)",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.func("log", dialect="bigquery", expression="x", this=2).sql("bigquery"),
"LOG(x, 2)",
)
self.assertIsInstance(exp.func("instr", "x", "b", dialect="mysql"), exp.StrPosition)
self.assertIsInstance(exp.func("instr", "x", "b", dialect="sqlite"), exp.StrPosition)
self.assertIsInstance(exp.func("bla", 1, "foo"), exp.Anonymous)
self.assertIsInstance(
exp.func("cast", this=exp.Literal.number(5), to=exp.DataType.build("DOUBLE")),
exp.Cast,
)
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
exp.func("some_func", 1, arg2="foo")
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
exp.func("abs")
with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
exp.func("to_hex", dialect="bigquery", this=5)
self.assertEqual(
str(cm.exception),
"Unable to convert 'to_hex' into a Func. Either manually construct the Func "
"expression of interest or parse the function call.",
)
def test_named_selects(self):
expression = parse_one(
"SELECT a, b AS B, c + d AS e, *, 'zz', 'zz' AS z FROM foo as bar, baz"
)
self.assertEqual(expression.named_selects, ["a", "B", "e", "*", "zz", "z"])
expression = parse_one(
"""
WITH first AS (SELECT * FROM foo)
SELECT foo.bar, foo.baz as bazz, SUM(x) FROM first
"""
)
self.assertEqual(expression.named_selects, ["bar", "bazz"])
expression = parse_one(
"""
SELECT foo, bar FROM first
UNION SELECT "ss" as foo, bar FROM second
UNION ALL SELECT foo, bazz FROM third
"""
)
self.assertEqual(expression.named_selects, ["foo", "bar"])
def test_selects(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT FROM x")
self.assertEqual(expression.selects, [])
expression = parse_one("SELECT a FROM x")
self.assertEqual([s.sql() for s in expression.selects], ["a"])
expression = parse_one("SELECT a, b FROM x")
self.assertEqual([s.sql() for s in expression.selects], ["a", "b"])
expression = parse_one("(SELECT a, b FROM x)")
self.assertEqual([s.sql() for s in expression.selects], ["a", "b"])
def test_alias_column_names(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM x) AS y")
subquery = expression.find(exp.Subquery)
self.assertEqual(subquery.alias_column_names, [])
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM x) AS y(a)")
subquery = expression.find(exp.Subquery)
self.assertEqual(subquery.alias_column_names, ["a"])
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM x) AS y(a, b)")
subquery = expression.find(exp.Subquery)
self.assertEqual(subquery.alias_column_names, ["a", "b"])
expression = parse_one("WITH y AS (SELECT * FROM x) SELECT * FROM y")
cte = expression.find(exp.CTE)
self.assertEqual(cte.alias_column_names, [])
expression = parse_one("WITH y(a, b) AS (SELECT * FROM x) SELECT * FROM y")
cte = expression.find(exp.CTE)
self.assertEqual(cte.alias_column_names, ["a", "b"])
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM tbl AS tbl(a, b)")
table = expression.find(exp.Table)
self.assertEqual(table.alias_column_names, ["a", "b"])
def test_cast(self):
expression = parse_one("select cast(x as DATE)")
casts = list(expression.find_all(exp.Cast))
self.assertEqual(len(casts), 1)
cast = casts[0]
self.assertTrue(cast.to.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.DATE))
# check that already cast values arent re-cast if wrapped in a cast to the same type
recast = exp.cast(cast, to=exp.DataType.Type.DATE)
self.assertEqual(recast, cast)
self.assertEqual(recast.sql(), "CAST(x AS DATE)")
# however, recasting is fine if the types are different
recast = exp.cast(cast, to=exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
self.assertNotEqual(recast, cast)
self.assertEqual(len(list(recast.find_all(exp.Cast))), 2)
self.assertEqual(recast.sql(), "CAST(CAST(x AS DATE) AS VARCHAR)")
# check that dialect is used when casting strings
self.assertEqual(
exp.cast("x", to="regtype", dialect="postgres").sql(), "CAST(x AS REGTYPE)"
)
self.assertEqual(exp.cast("`x`", to="date", dialect="hive").sql(), 'CAST("x" AS DATE)')
def test_ctes(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT a FROM x")
self.assertEqual(expression.ctes, [])
expression = parse_one("WITH x AS (SELECT a FROM y) SELECT a FROM x")
self.assertEqual([s.sql() for s in expression.ctes], ["x AS (SELECT a FROM y)"])
def test_hash(self):
self.assertEqual(
{
parse_one("select a.b"),
parse_one("1+2"),
parse_one('"a"."b"'),
parse_one("a.b.c.d"),
},
{
parse_one("select a.b"),
parse_one("1+2"),
parse_one('"a"."b"'),
parse_one("a.b.c.d"),
},
)
def test_sql(self):
self.assertEqual(parse_one("x + y * 2").sql(), "x + y * 2")
self.assertEqual(parse_one('select "x"').sql(dialect="hive", pretty=True), "SELECT\n `x`")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("X + y").sql(identify=True, normalize=True), '"x" + "y"')
self.assertEqual(parse_one('"X" + Y').sql(identify=True, normalize=True), '"X" + "y"')
self.assertEqual(parse_one("SUM(X)").sql(identify=True, normalize=True), 'SUM("x")')
def test_transform_with_arguments(self):
expression = parse_one("a")
def fun(node, alias_=True):
if alias_:
return parse_one("a AS a")
return node
transformed_expression = expression.transform(fun)
self.assertEqual(transformed_expression.sql(dialect="presto"), "a AS a")
transformed_expression_2 = expression.transform(fun, alias_=False)
self.assertEqual(transformed_expression_2.sql(dialect="presto"), "a")
def test_transform_simple(self):
expression = parse_one("IF(a > 0, a, b)")
def fun(node):
if isinstance(node, exp.Column) and node.name == "a":
return parse_one("c - 2")
return node
actual_expression_1 = expression.transform(fun)
self.assertEqual(actual_expression_1.sql(dialect="presto"), "IF(c - 2 > 0, c - 2, b)")
self.assertIsNot(actual_expression_1, expression)
actual_expression_2 = expression.transform(fun, copy=False)
self.assertEqual(actual_expression_2.sql(dialect="presto"), "IF(c - 2 > 0, c - 2, b)")
self.assertIs(actual_expression_2, expression)
def test_transform_no_infinite_recursion(self):
expression = parse_one("a")
def fun(node):
if isinstance(node, exp.Column) and node.name == "a":
return parse_one("FUN(a)")
return node
self.assertEqual(expression.transform(fun).sql(), "FUN(a)")
def test_transform_with_parent_mutation(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT COUNT(1) FROM table")
def fun(node):
if str(node) == "COUNT(1)":
# node gets silently mutated here - its parent points to the filter node
return exp.Filter(this=node, expression=exp.Where(this=exp.true()))
return node
transformed = expression.transform(fun)
self.assertEqual(transformed.sql(), "SELECT COUNT(1) FILTER(WHERE TRUE) FROM table")
def test_transform_multiple_children(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM x")
def fun(node):
if isinstance(node, exp.Star):
return [parse_one(c) for c in ["a", "b"]]
return node
self.assertEqual(expression.transform(fun).sql(), "SELECT a, b FROM x")
def test_transform_node_removal(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT a, b FROM x")
def remove_column_b(node):
if isinstance(node, exp.Column) and node.name == "b":
return None
return node
self.assertEqual(expression.transform(remove_column_b).sql(), "SELECT a FROM x")
expression = parse_one("CAST(x AS FLOAT)")
def remove_non_list_arg(node):
if isinstance(node, exp.DataType):
return None
return node
self.assertEqual(expression.transform(remove_non_list_arg).sql(), "CAST(x AS)")
expression = parse_one("SELECT a, b FROM x")
def remove_all_columns(node):
if isinstance(node, exp.Column):
return None
return node
self.assertEqual(expression.transform(remove_all_columns).sql(), "SELECT FROM x")
def test_replace(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT a, b FROM x")
expression.find(exp.Column).replace(parse_one("c"))
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT c, b FROM x")
expression.find(exp.Table).replace(parse_one("y"))
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT c, b FROM y")
# we try to replace a with a list but a's parent is actually ordered, not the ORDER BY node
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM x ORDER BY a DESC, c")
expression.find(exp.Ordered).this.replace([exp.column("a").asc(), exp.column("b").desc()])
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT * FROM x ORDER BY a, b DESC, c")
def test_arg_deletion(self):
# Using the pop helper method
expression = parse_one("SELECT a, b FROM x")
expression.find(exp.Column).pop()
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT b FROM x")
expression.find(exp.Column).pop()
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT FROM x")
expression.pop()
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT FROM x")
expression = parse_one("WITH x AS (SELECT a FROM x) SELECT * FROM x")
expression.find(exp.With).pop()
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT * FROM x")
# Manually deleting by setting to None
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar")
self.assertEqual(len(expression.args.get("joins", [])), 1)
expression.set("joins", None)
self.assertEqual(expression.sql(), "SELECT * FROM foo")
self.assertEqual(expression.args.get("joins", []), [])
self.assertIsNone(expression.args.get("joins"))
def test_walk(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM x)")
self.assertEqual(len(list(expression.walk())), 9)
self.assertEqual(len(list(expression.walk(bfs=False))), 9)
self.assertTrue(all(isinstance(e, exp.Expression) for e in expression.walk()))
self.assertTrue(all(isinstance(e, exp.Expression) for e in expression.walk(bfs=False)))
def test_str_position_order(self):
str_position_exp = parse_one("STR_POSITION('mytest', 'test')")
self.assertIsInstance(str_position_exp, exp.StrPosition)
self.assertEqual(str_position_exp.args.get("this").this, "mytest")
self.assertEqual(str_position_exp.args.get("substr").this, "test")
def test_functions(self):
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("x LIKE ANY (y)"), exp.Like)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("x ILIKE ANY (y)"), exp.ILike)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ABS(a)"), exp.Abs)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("APPROX_DISTINCT(a)"), exp.ApproxDistinct)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ARRAY(a)"), exp.Array)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ARRAY_AGG(a)"), exp.ArrayAgg)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ARRAY_CONTAINS(a, 'a')"), exp.ArrayContains)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ARRAY_SIZE(a)"), exp.ArraySize)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("AVG(a)"), exp.Avg)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("BEGIN DEFERRED TRANSACTION"), exp.Transaction)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("CEIL(a)"), exp.Ceil)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("CEILING(a)"), exp.Ceil)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("COALESCE(a, b)"), exp.Coalesce)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("COMMIT"), exp.Commit)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("COUNT(a)"), exp.Count)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("COUNT_IF(a > 0)"), exp.CountIf)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("DATE_ADD(a, 1)"), exp.DateAdd)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("DATE_DIFF(a, 2)"), exp.DateDiff)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("DATE_STR_TO_DATE(a)"), exp.DateStrToDate)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("DAY(a)"), exp.Day)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("EXP(a)"), exp.Exp)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("FLOOR(a)"), exp.Floor)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("GENERATE_SERIES(a, b, c)"), exp.GenerateSeries)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("GLOB(x, y)"), exp.Glob)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("GREATEST(a, b)"), exp.Greatest)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("IF(a, b, c)"), exp.If)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("INITCAP(a)"), exp.Initcap)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("JSON_EXTRACT(a, '$.name')"), exp.JSONExtract)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR(a, '$.name')"), exp.JSONExtractScalar)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LEAST(a, b)"), exp.Least)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LIKE(x, y)"), exp.Like)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LN(a)"), exp.Ln)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LOG(b, n)"), exp.Log)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LOG2(a)"), exp.Log)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LOG10(a)"), exp.Log)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("MAX(a)"), exp.Max)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("MIN(a)"), exp.Min)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("MONTH(a)"), exp.Month)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("QUARTER(a)"), exp.Quarter)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("POSITION(' ' IN a)"), exp.StrPosition)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("POW(a, 2)"), exp.Pow)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("POWER(a, 2)"), exp.Pow)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("QUANTILE(a, 0.90)"), exp.Quantile)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("REGEXP_LIKE(a, 'test')"), exp.RegexpLike)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("REGEXP_SPLIT(a, 'test')"), exp.RegexpSplit)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ROLLBACK"), exp.Rollback)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ROUND(a)"), exp.Round)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ROUND(a, 2)"), exp.Round)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("SPLIT(a, 'test')"), exp.Split)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STR_POSITION(a, 'test')"), exp.StrPosition)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STR_TO_UNIX(a, 'format')"), exp.StrToUnix)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STRUCT_EXTRACT(a, 'test')"), exp.StructExtract)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("SUBSTR('a', 1, 1)"), exp.Substring)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("SUBSTRING('a', 1, 1)"), exp.Substring)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("SUM(a)"), exp.Sum)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("SQRT(a)"), exp.Sqrt)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STDDEV(a)"), exp.Stddev)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STDDEV_POP(a)"), exp.StddevPop)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STDDEV_SAMP(a)"), exp.StddevSamp)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TIME_TO_STR(a, 'format')"), exp.TimeToStr)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TIME_TO_TIME_STR(a)"), exp.Cast)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TIME_TO_UNIX(a)"), exp.TimeToUnix)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TIME_STR_TO_DATE(a)"), exp.TimeStrToDate)
(self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TIME_STR_TO_TIME(a)"), exp.TimeStrToTime),)
self.assertIsInstance(
parse_one("TIME_STR_TO_TIME(a, 'America/Los_Angeles')"), exp.TimeStrToTime
)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TIME_STR_TO_UNIX(a)"), exp.TimeStrToUnix)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TRIM(LEADING 'b' FROM 'bla')"), exp.Trim)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TS_OR_DS_ADD(a, 1, 'day')"), exp.TsOrDsAdd)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE(a)"), exp.TsOrDsToDate)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR(a)"), exp.Substring)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("UNIX_TO_STR(a, 'format')"), exp.UnixToStr)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("UNIX_TO_TIME(a)"), exp.UnixToTime)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("UNIX_TO_TIME_STR(a)"), exp.UnixToTimeStr)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("VARIANCE(a)"), exp.Variance)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("VARIANCE_POP(a)"), exp.VariancePop)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("YEAR(a)"), exp.Year)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("HLL(a)"), exp.Hll)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ARRAY(time, foo)"), exp.Array)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("STANDARD_HASH('hello', 'sha256')"), exp.StandardHash)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("DATE(foo)"), exp.Date)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("HEX(foo)"), exp.Hex)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("LOWER(HEX(foo))"), exp.LowerHex)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TO_HEX(foo)", read="bigquery"), exp.LowerHex)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("UPPER(TO_HEX(foo))", read="bigquery"), exp.Hex)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TO_HEX(MD5(foo))", read="bigquery"), exp.MD5)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("TRANSFORM(a, b)", read="spark"), exp.Transform)
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("ADD_MONTHS(a, b)"), exp.AddMonths)
def test_column(self):
column = parse_one("a.b.c.d")
self.assertEqual(column.catalog, "a")
self.assertEqual(column.db, "b")
self.assertEqual(column.table, "c")
self.assertEqual(column.name, "d")
column = parse_one("a")
self.assertEqual(column.name, "a")
self.assertEqual(column.table, "")
fields = parse_one("a.b.c.d.e")
self.assertIsInstance(fields, exp.Dot)
self.assertEqual(fields.text("expression"), "e")
column = fields.find(exp.Column)
self.assertEqual(column.name, "d")
self.assertEqual(column.table, "c")
self.assertEqual(column.db, "b")
self.assertEqual(column.catalog, "a")
column = parse_one("a[0].b")
self.assertIsInstance(column, exp.Dot)
self.assertIsInstance(column.this, exp.Bracket)
self.assertIsInstance(column.this.this, exp.Column)
column = parse_one("a.*")
self.assertIsInstance(column, exp.Column)
self.assertIsInstance(column.this, exp.Star)
self.assertIsInstance(column.args["table"], exp.Identifier)
self.assertEqual(column.table, "a")
self.assertIsInstance(parse_one("*"), exp.Star)
self.assertEqual(exp.column("a", table="b", db="c", catalog="d"), exp.to_column("d.c.b.a"))
dot = exp.column("d", "c", "b", "a", fields=["e", "f"])
self.assertIsInstance(dot, exp.Dot)
self.assertEqual(dot.sql(), "a.b.c.d.e.f")
dot = exp.column("d", "c", "b", "a", fields=["e", "f"], quoted=True)
self.assertEqual(dot.sql(), '"a"."b"."c"."d"."e"."f"')
def test_text(self):
column = parse_one("a.b.c.d.e")
self.assertEqual(column.text("expression"), "e")
self.assertEqual(column.text("y"), "")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("select * from x.y").find(exp.Table).text("db"), "x")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("select *").name, "")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("1 + 1").name, "1")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("'a'").name, "a")
def test_alias(self):
self.assertEqual(alias("foo", "bar").sql(), "foo AS bar")
self.assertEqual(alias("foo", "bar-1").sql(), 'foo AS "bar-1"')
self.assertEqual(alias("foo", "bar_1").sql(), "foo AS bar_1")
self.assertEqual(alias("foo * 2", "2bar").sql(), 'foo * 2 AS "2bar"')
self.assertEqual(alias('"foo"', "_bar").sql(), '"foo" AS _bar')
self.assertEqual(alias("foo", "bar", quoted=True).sql(), 'foo AS "bar"')
def test_unit(self):
unit = parse_one("timestamp_trunc(current_timestamp, week(thursday))")
self.assertIsNotNone(unit.find(exp.CurrentTimestamp))
week = unit.find(exp.Week)
self.assertEqual(week.this, exp.var("thursday"))
for abbreviated_unit, unnabreviated_unit in exp.TimeUnit.UNABBREVIATED_UNIT_NAME.items():
interval = parse_one(f"interval '500 {abbreviated_unit}'")
self.assertIsInstance(interval.unit, exp.Var)
self.assertEqual(interval.unit.name, unnabreviated_unit)
def test_identifier(self):
self.assertTrue(exp.to_identifier('"x"').quoted)
self.assertFalse(exp.to_identifier("x").quoted)
self.assertTrue(exp.to_identifier("foo ").quoted)
self.assertFalse(exp.to_identifier("_x").quoted)
def test_function_normalizer(self):
self.assertEqual(parse_one("HELLO()").sql(normalize_functions="lower"), "hello()")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("hello()").sql(normalize_functions="upper"), "HELLO()")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("heLLO()").sql(normalize_functions=False), "heLLO()")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("SUM(x)").sql(normalize_functions="lower"), "sum(x)")
self.assertEqual(parse_one("sum(x)").sql(normalize_functions="upper"), "SUM(x)")
def test_properties_from_dict(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.Properties.from_dict(
{
"FORMAT": "parquet",
"PARTITIONED_BY": (exp.to_identifier("a"), exp.to_identifier("b")),
"custom": 1,
"ENGINE": None,
"COLLATE": True,
}
),
exp.Properties(
expressions=[
exp.FileFormatProperty(this=exp.Literal.string("parquet")),
exp.PartitionedByProperty(
this=exp.Tuple(expressions=[exp.to_identifier("a"), exp.to_identifier("b")])
),
exp.Property(this=exp.Literal.string("custom"), value=exp.Literal.number(1)),
exp.EngineProperty(this=exp.null()),
exp.CollateProperty(this=exp.true()),
]
),
)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, exp.Properties.from_dict, {"FORMAT": object})
def test_convert(self):
from collections import namedtuple
import pytz
PointTuple = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
class PointClass:
def __init__(self, x=0, y=0):
self.x = x
self.y = y
for value, expected in [
(1, "1"),
("1", "'1'"),
(None, "NULL"),
(True, "TRUE"),
((1, "2", None), "(1, '2', NULL)"),
([1, "2", None], "ARRAY(1, '2', NULL)"),
({"x": None}, "MAP(ARRAY('x'), ARRAY(NULL))"),
(
datetime.datetime(2022, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
"TIME_STR_TO_TIME('2022-10-01 01:01:01.000001')",
),
(
datetime.datetime(2022, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc),
"TIME_STR_TO_TIME('2022-10-01 01:01:01+00:00', 'UTC')",
),
(
pytz.timezone("America/Los_Angeles").localize(
datetime.datetime(2022, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1)
),
"TIME_STR_TO_TIME('2022-10-01 01:01:01-07:00', 'America/Los_Angeles')",
),
(datetime.date(2022, 10, 1), "DATE_STR_TO_DATE('2022-10-01')"),
(math.nan, "NULL"),
(b"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x07\xd3", "2003"),
(PointTuple(1, 2), "STRUCT(1 AS x, 2 AS y)"),
(PointClass(1, 2), "STRUCT(1 AS x, 2 AS y)"),
]:
with self.subTest(value):
self.assertEqual(exp.convert(value).sql(), expected)
self.assertEqual(
exp.convert({"test": "value"}).sql(dialect="spark"),
"MAP_FROM_ARRAYS(ARRAY('test'), ARRAY('value'))",
)
@unittest.skipUnless(sys.version_info >= (3, 9), "zoneinfo only available from python 3.9+")
def test_convert_python39(self):
import zoneinfo
for value, expected in [
(
datetime.datetime(
2022, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1, tzinfo=zoneinfo.ZoneInfo("America/Los_Angeles")
),
"TIME_STR_TO_TIME('2022-10-01 01:01:01-07:00', 'America/Los_Angeles')",
)
]:
with self.subTest(value):
self.assertEqual(exp.convert(value).sql(), expected)
def test_comment_alias(self):
sql = """
SELECT
a,
b AS B,
c, /*comment*/
d AS D, -- another comment
CAST(x AS INT), -- yet another comment
y AND /* foo */ w AS E -- final comment
FROM foo
"""
expression = parse_one(sql)
self.assertEqual(
[e.alias_or_name for e in expression.expressions],
["a", "B", "c", "D", "x", "E"],
)
self.assertEqual(
expression.sql(),
"SELECT a, b AS B, c /* comment */, d AS D /* another comment */, CAST(x AS INT) /* yet another comment */, y AND /* foo */ w AS E /* final comment */ FROM foo",
)
self.assertEqual(
expression.sql(comments=False),
"SELECT a, b AS B, c, d AS D, CAST(x AS INT), y AND w AS E FROM foo",
)
self.assertEqual(
expression.sql(pretty=True, comments=False),
"""SELECT
a,
b AS B,
c,
d AS D,
CAST(x AS INT),
y AND w AS E
FROM foo""",
)
self.assertEqual(
expression.sql(pretty=True),
"""SELECT
a,
b AS B,
c, /* comment */
d AS D, /* another comment */
CAST(x AS INT), /* yet another comment */
y AND /* foo */ w AS E /* final comment */
FROM foo""",
)
self.assertEqual(parse_one('max(x) as "a b" -- comment').comments, [" comment"])
def test_to_interval(self):
self.assertEqual(exp.to_interval("1day").sql(), "INTERVAL '1' DAY")
self.assertEqual(exp.to_interval(" 5 months").sql(), "INTERVAL '5' MONTHS")
self.assertEqual(exp.to_interval("-2 day").sql(), "INTERVAL '-2' DAY")
self.assertEqual(exp.to_interval(exp.Literal.string("1day")).sql(), "INTERVAL '1' DAY")
self.assertEqual(exp.to_interval(exp.Literal.string("-2 day")).sql(), "INTERVAL '-2' DAY")
self.assertEqual(
exp.to_interval(exp.Literal.string(" 5 months")).sql(), "INTERVAL '5' MONTHS"
)
def test_to_table(self):
table_only = exp.to_table("table_name")
self.assertEqual(table_only.name, "table_name")
self.assertIsNone(table_only.args.get("db"))
self.assertIsNone(table_only.args.get("catalog"))
db_and_table = exp.to_table("db.table_name")
self.assertEqual(db_and_table.name, "table_name")
self.assertEqual(db_and_table.args.get("db"), exp.to_identifier("db"))
self.assertIsNone(db_and_table.args.get("catalog"))
catalog_db_and_table = exp.to_table("catalog.db.table_name")
self.assertEqual(catalog_db_and_table.name, "table_name")
self.assertEqual(catalog_db_and_table.args.get("db"), exp.to_identifier("db"))
self.assertEqual(catalog_db_and_table.args.get("catalog"), exp.to_identifier("catalog"))
def test_to_column(self):
column_only = exp.to_column("column_name")
self.assertEqual(column_only.name, "column_name")
self.assertIsNone(column_only.args.get("table"))
table_and_column = exp.to_column("table_name.column_name")
self.assertEqual(table_and_column.name, "column_name")
self.assertEqual(table_and_column.args.get("table"), exp.to_identifier("table_name"))
self.assertEqual(exp.to_column("foo bar").sql(), '"foo bar"')
self.assertEqual(exp.to_column("`column_name`", dialect="spark").sql(), '"column_name"')
self.assertEqual(exp.to_column("column_name", quoted=True).sql(), '"column_name"')
self.assertEqual(
exp.to_column("column_name", table=exp.to_identifier("table_name")).sql(),
"table_name.column_name",
)
def test_union(self):
expression = parse_one("SELECT cola, colb UNION SELECT colx, coly")
self.assertIsInstance(expression, exp.Union)
self.assertEqual(expression.named_selects, ["cola", "colb"])
self.assertEqual(
expression.selects,
[
exp.Column(this=exp.to_identifier("cola")),
exp.Column(this=exp.to_identifier("colb")),
],
)
def test_values(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.values([(1, 2), (3, 4)], "t", ["a", "b"]).sql(),
"(VALUES (1, 2), (3, 4)) AS t(a, b)",
)
self.assertEqual(
exp.values(
[(1, 2), (3, 4)],
"t",
{"a": exp.DataType.build("TEXT"), "b": exp.DataType.build("TEXT")},
).sql(),
"(VALUES (1, 2), (3, 4)) AS t(a, b)",
)
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
exp.values([(1, 2), (3, 4)], columns=["a"])
def test_data_type_builder(self):
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TEXT").sql(), "TEXT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("DECIMAL(10, 2)").sql(), "DECIMAL(10, 2)")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("VARCHAR(255)").sql(), "VARCHAR(255)")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("ARRAY<INT>").sql(), "ARRAY<INT>")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("CHAR").sql(), "CHAR")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("NCHAR").sql(), "CHAR")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("VARCHAR").sql(), "VARCHAR")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("NVARCHAR").sql(), "VARCHAR")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TEXT").sql(), "TEXT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("BINARY").sql(), "BINARY")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("VARBINARY").sql(), "VARBINARY")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("INT").sql(), "INT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TINYINT").sql(), "TINYINT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("SMALLINT").sql(), "SMALLINT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("BIGINT").sql(), "BIGINT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("FLOAT").sql(), "FLOAT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("DOUBLE").sql(), "DOUBLE")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("DECIMAL").sql(), "DECIMAL")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("BOOLEAN").sql(), "BOOLEAN")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("JSON").sql(), "JSON")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("JSONB", dialect="postgres").sql(), "JSONB")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("INTERVAL").sql(), "INTERVAL")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TIME").sql(), "TIME")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP").sql(), "TIMESTAMP")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMPTZ").sql(), "TIMESTAMPTZ")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMPLTZ").sql(), "TIMESTAMPLTZ")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("DATE").sql(), "DATE")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("DATETIME").sql(), "DATETIME")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("ARRAY").sql(), "ARRAY")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("MAP").sql(), "MAP")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("UUID").sql(), "UUID")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("GEOGRAPHY").sql(), "GEOGRAPHY")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("GEOMETRY").sql(), "GEOMETRY")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("STRUCT").sql(), "STRUCT")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("HLLSKETCH", dialect="redshift").sql(), "HLLSKETCH")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("HSTORE", dialect="postgres").sql(), "HSTORE")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("NULL").sql(), "NULL")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("NULL", dialect="bigquery").sql(), "NULL")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("UNKNOWN").sql(), "UNKNOWN")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("UNKNOWN", dialect="bigquery").sql(), "UNKNOWN")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("UNKNOWN", dialect="snowflake").sql(), "UNKNOWN")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP", dialect="bigquery").sql(), "TIMESTAMPTZ")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("USER-DEFINED").sql(), "USER-DEFINED")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("ARRAY<UNKNOWN>").sql(), "ARRAY<UNKNOWN>")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("ARRAY<NULL>").sql(), "ARRAY<NULL>")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("varchar(100) collate 'en-ci'").sql(), "VARCHAR(100)")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("int[3]").sql(dialect="duckdb"), "INT[3]")
self.assertEqual(exp.DataType.build("int[3][3]").sql(dialect="duckdb"), "INT[3][3]")
self.assertEqual(
exp.DataType.build("struct<x int>", dialect="spark").sql(), "STRUCT<x INT>"
)
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
exp.DataType.build("varchar(")
def test_rename_table(self):
self.assertEqual(
exp.rename_table("t1", "t2").sql(),
"ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t2",
)
def test_to_py(self):
self.assertEqual(parse_one("- -1").to_py(), 1)
self.assertIs(parse_one("TRUE").to_py(), True)
self.assertIs(parse_one("1").to_py(), 1)
self.assertIs(parse_one("'1'").to_py(), "1")
self.assertIs(parse_one("null").to_py(), None)
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
parse_one("x").to_py()
def test_is_int(self):
self.assertTrue(parse_one("- -1").is_int)
def test_is_star(self):
assert parse_one("*").is_star
assert parse_one("foo.*").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * FROM foo").is_star
assert parse_one("(SELECT * FROM foo)").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT *, 1 FROM foo").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT foo.* FROM foo").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * EXCEPT (a, b) FROM foo").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT foo.* EXCEPT (foo.a, foo.b) FROM foo").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * REPLACE (a AS b, b AS C)").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * EXCEPT (a, b) REPLACE (a AS b, b AS C)").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * INTO newevent FROM event").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * FROM foo UNION SELECT * FROM bar").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT * FROM bla UNION SELECT 1 AS x").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT 1 AS x UNION SELECT * FROM bla").is_star
assert parse_one("SELECT 1 AS x UNION SELECT 1 AS x UNION SELECT * FROM foo").is_star
def test_set_metadata(self):
ast = parse_one("SELECT foo.col FROM foo")
self.assertIsNone(ast._meta)
# calling ast.meta would lazily instantiate self._meta
self.assertEqual(ast.meta, {})
self.assertEqual(ast._meta, {})
ast.meta["some_meta_key"] = "some_meta_value"
self.assertEqual(ast.meta.get("some_meta_key"), "some_meta_value")
self.assertEqual(ast.meta.get("some_other_meta_key"), None)
ast.meta["some_other_meta_key"] = "some_other_meta_value"
self.assertEqual(ast.meta.get("some_other_meta_key"), "some_other_meta_value")
def test_unnest(self):
ast = parse_one("SELECT (((1)))")
self.assertIs(ast.selects[0].unnest(), ast.find(exp.Literal))
ast = parse_one("SELECT * FROM (((SELECT * FROM t)))")
self.assertIs(ast.args["from"].this.unnest(), list(ast.find_all(exp.Select))[1])
ast = parse_one("SELECT * FROM ((((SELECT * FROM t))) AS foo)")
second_subquery = ast.args["from"].this.this
innermost_subquery = list(ast.find_all(exp.Select))[1].parent
self.assertIs(second_subquery, innermost_subquery.unwrap())
def test_is_type(self):
ast = parse_one("CAST(x AS VARCHAR)")
assert ast.is_type("VARCHAR")
assert not ast.is_type("VARCHAR(5)")
assert not ast.is_type("FLOAT")
ast = parse_one("CAST(x AS VARCHAR(5))")
assert ast.is_type("VARCHAR")
assert ast.is_type("VARCHAR(5)")
assert not ast.is_type("VARCHAR(4)")
assert not ast.is_type("FLOAT")
ast = parse_one("CAST(x AS ARRAY<INT>)")
assert ast.is_type("ARRAY")
assert ast.is_type("ARRAY<INT>")
assert not ast.is_type("ARRAY<FLOAT>")
assert not ast.is_type("INT")
ast = parse_one("CAST(x AS ARRAY)")
assert ast.is_type("ARRAY")
assert not ast.is_type("ARRAY<INT>")
assert not ast.is_type("ARRAY<FLOAT>")
assert not ast.is_type("INT")
ast = parse_one("CAST(x AS STRUCT<a INT, b FLOAT>)")
assert ast.is_type("STRUCT")
assert ast.is_type("STRUCT<a INT, b FLOAT>")
assert not ast.is_type("STRUCT<a VARCHAR, b INT>")
dtype = exp.DataType.build("foo", udt=True)
assert dtype.is_type("foo")
assert not dtype.is_type("bar")
dtype = exp.DataType.build("a.b.c", udt=True)
assert dtype.is_type("a.b.c")
dtype = exp.DataType.build("Nullable(Int32)", dialect="clickhouse")
assert dtype.is_type("int")
assert not dtype.is_type("int", check_nullable=True)
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
exp.DataType.build("foo")
def test_set_meta(self):
query = parse_one("SELECT * FROM foo /* sqlglot.meta x = 1, y = a, z */")
self.assertEqual(query.find(exp.Table).meta, {"x": True, "y": "a", "z": True})
self.assertEqual(query.sql(), "SELECT * FROM foo /* sqlglot.meta x = 1, y = a, z */")
def test_assert_is(self):
parse_one("x").assert_is(exp.Column)
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
AssertionError, "x is not <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Identifier'>\\."
):
parse_one("x").assert_is(exp.Identifier)
def test_parse_identifier(self):
self.assertEqual(exp.parse_identifier("a ' b"), exp.to_identifier("a ' b"))