tarlz/main.cc

/*  Tarlz - Archiver with multimember lzip compression
    Copyright (C) 2013-2019 Antonio Diaz Diaz.

    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/*
    Exit status: 0 for a normal exit, 1 for environmental problems
    (file not found, invalid flags, I/O errors, etc), 2 to indicate a
    corrupt or invalid input file, 3 for an internal consistency error
    (eg, bug) which caused tarlz to panic.
*/

#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64

#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <climits>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <lzlib.h>
#if defined(__OS2__)
#include <io.h>
#endif

#include "arg_parser.h"
#include "tarlz.h"

#ifndef O_BINARY
#define O_BINARY 0
#endif

#if CHAR_BIT != 8
#error "Environments where CHAR_BIT != 8 are not supported."
#endif

int verbosity = 0;

namespace {

const char * const program_name = "tarlz";
const char * const program_year = "2019";
const char * invocation_name = 0;

enum Mode { m_none, m_append, m_concatenate, m_create, m_extract, m_list };


void show_help( const long num_online )
  {
  std::printf( "Tarlz is a combined implementation of the tar archiver and the lzip\n"
               "compressor. By default tarlz creates, lists and extracts archives in a\n"
               "simplified posix pax format compressed with lzip on a per file basis. Each\n"
               "tar member is compressed in its own lzip member, as well as the end-of-file\n"
               "blocks. This method adds an indexed lzip layer on top of the tar archive,\n"
               "making it possible to decode the archive safely in parallel. The resulting\n"
               "multimember tar.lz archive is fully backward compatible with standard tar\n"
               "tools like GNU tar, which treat it like any other tar.lz archive. Tarlz can\n"
               "append files to the end of such compressed archives.\n"
               "\nThe tarlz file format is a safe posix-style backup format. In case of\n"
               "corruption, tarlz can extract all the undamaged members from the tar.lz\n"
               "archive, skipping over the damaged members, just like the standard\n"
               "(uncompressed) tar. Moreover, the option '--keep-damaged' can be used to\n"
               "recover as much data as possible from each damaged member, and lziprecover\n"
               "can be used to recover some of the damaged members.\n"
               "\nUsage: %s [options] [files]\n", invocation_name );
  std::printf( "\nOptions:\n"
               "  -h, --help                 display this help and exit\n"
               "  -V, --version              output version information and exit\n"
               "  -A, --concatenate          append tar.lz archives to the end of an archive\n"
               "  -B, --data-size=<bytes>    set target size of input data blocks [2x8=16 MiB]\n"
               "  -c, --create               create a new archive\n"
               "  -C, --directory=<dir>      change to directory <dir>\n"
               "  -f, --file=<archive>       use archive file <archive>\n"
               "  -n, --threads=<n>          set number of decompression threads [%ld]\n"
               "  -q, --quiet                suppress all messages\n"
               "  -r, --append               append files to the end of an archive\n"
               "  -t, --list                 list the contents of an archive\n"
               "  -v, --verbose              verbosely list files processed\n"
               "  -x, --extract              extract files from an archive\n"
               "  -0 .. -9                   set compression level [default 6]\n"
               "      --asolid               create solidly compressed appendable archive\n"
               "      --bsolid               create per-data-block compressed archive\n"
               "      --dsolid               create per-directory compressed archive\n"
               "      --no-solid             create per-file compressed archive (default)\n"
               "      --solid                create solidly compressed archive\n"
               "      --anonymous            equivalent to '--owner=root --group=root'\n"
               "      --owner=<owner>        use <owner> name/ID for files added\n"
               "      --group=<group>        use <group> name/ID for files added\n"
               "      --keep-damaged         don't delete partially extracted files\n"
               "      --missing-crc          exit with error status if missing extended CRC\n"
//               "      --permissive           allow repeated extended headers and records\n"
               "      --uncompressed         don't compress the archive created\n",
               num_online );
  if( verbosity >= 1 )
    {
    std::printf( "      --debug=<level>        (0-1) print debug statistics to stderr\n" );
    }
  std::printf( "\nExit status: 0 for a normal exit, 1 for environmental problems (file\n"
               "not found, invalid flags, I/O errors, etc), 2 to indicate a corrupt or\n"
               "invalid input file, 3 for an internal consistency error (eg, bug) which\n"
               "caused tarlz to panic.\n"
               "\nReport bugs to lzip-bug@nongnu.org\n"
               "Tarlz home page: http://www.nongnu.org/lzip/tarlz.html\n" );
  }


void show_version()
  {
  std::printf( "%s %s\n", program_name, PROGVERSION );
  std::printf( "Copyright (C) %s Antonio Diaz Diaz.\n", program_year );
  std::printf( "Using lzlib %s\n", LZ_version() );
  std::printf( "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
               "This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\n"
               "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n" );
  }


unsigned long long getnum( const char * const ptr,
                           const unsigned long long llimit,
                           const unsigned long long ulimit )
  {
  char * tail;
  errno = 0;
  unsigned long long result = strtoull( ptr, &tail, 0 );
  if( tail == ptr )
    {
    show_error( "Bad or missing numerical argument.", 0, true );
    std::exit( 1 );
    }

  if( !errno && tail[0] )
    {
    const unsigned factor = ( tail[1] == 'i' ) ? 1024 : 1000;
    int exponent = 0;				// 0 = bad multiplier
    switch( tail[0] )
      {
      case 'Y': exponent = 8; break;
      case 'Z': exponent = 7; break;
      case 'E': exponent = 6; break;
      case 'P': exponent = 5; break;
      case 'T': exponent = 4; break;
      case 'G': exponent = 3; break;
      case 'M': exponent = 2; break;
      case 'K': if( factor == 1024 ) exponent = 1; break;
      case 'k': if( factor == 1000 ) exponent = 1; break;
      }
    if( exponent <= 0 )
      {
      show_error( "Bad multiplier in numerical argument.", 0, true );
      std::exit( 1 );
      }
    for( int i = 0; i < exponent; ++i )
      {
      if( ulimit / factor >= result ) result *= factor;
      else { errno = ERANGE; break; }
      }
    }
  if( !errno && ( result < llimit || result > ulimit ) ) errno = ERANGE;
  if( errno )
    {
    show_error( "Numerical argument out of limits." );
    std::exit( 1 );
    }
  return result;
  }


void set_mode( Mode & program_mode, const Mode new_mode )
  {
  if( program_mode != m_none && program_mode != new_mode )
    {
    show_error( "Only one operation can be specified.", 0, true );
    std::exit( 1 );
    }
  program_mode = new_mode;
  }


void set_owner( const char * const arg )
  {
  const struct passwd * const pw = getpwnam( arg );
  if( pw ) cl_owner = pw->pw_uid;
  else if( std::isdigit( (unsigned char)arg[0] ) )
    cl_owner = getnum( arg, 0, INT_MAX );
  else { show_file_error( arg, "Invalid owner" ); std::exit( 1 ); }
  }

void set_group( const char * const arg )
  {
  const struct group * const gr = getgrnam( arg );
  if( gr ) cl_group = gr->gr_gid;
  else if( std::isdigit( (unsigned char)arg[0] ) )
    cl_group = getnum( arg, 0, INT_MAX );
  else { show_file_error( arg, "Invalid group" ); std::exit( 1 ); }
  }

} // end namespace


int open_instream( const std::string & name )
  {
  const int infd = open( name.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_BINARY );
  if( infd < 0 )
    show_file_error( name.c_str(), "Can't open for reading", errno );
  return infd;
  }


int open_outstream( const std::string & name, const bool create )
  {
  const int flags = (create ? O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC : O_RDWR) | O_BINARY;
  const mode_t outfd_mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH;

  const int outfd = open( name.c_str(), flags, outfd_mode );
  if( outfd < 0 )
    show_file_error( name.c_str(), create ?
                     "Can't create file" : "Error opening file", errno );
  return outfd;
  }


void show_error( const char * const msg, const int errcode, const bool help )
  {
  if( verbosity < 0 ) return;
  if( msg && msg[0] )
    std::fprintf( stderr, "%s: %s%s%s\n", program_name, msg,
                  ( errcode > 0 ) ? ": " : "",
                  ( errcode > 0 ) ? std::strerror( errcode ) : "" );
  if( help )
    std::fprintf( stderr, "Try '%s --help' for more information.\n",
                  invocation_name );
  }


void show_file_error( const char * const filename, const char * const msg,
                      const int errcode )
  {
  if( verbosity >= 0 )
    std::fprintf( stderr, "%s: %s: %s%s%s\n", program_name, filename, msg,
                  ( errcode > 0 ) ? ": " : "",
                  ( errcode > 0 ) ? std::strerror( errcode ) : "" );
  }


void internal_error( const char * const msg )
  {
  if( verbosity >= 0 )
    std::fprintf( stderr, "%s: internal error: %s\n", program_name, msg );
  std::exit( 3 );
  }


int main( const int argc, const char * const argv[] )
  {
  std::string archive_name;
  int debug_level = 0;
  int num_workers = -1;		// start this many worker threads
  int level = 6;		// compression level, < 0 means uncompressed
  Mode program_mode = m_none;
  bool keep_damaged = false;
  bool missing_crc = false;
  bool permissive = false;
  invocation_name = argv[0];

  if( LZ_version()[0] < '1' )
    { show_error( "Bad library version. At least lzlib 1.0 is required." );
      return 1; }

  enum { opt_ano = 256, opt_aso, opt_bso, opt_crc, opt_dbg, opt_dso, opt_grp,
         opt_kd, opt_nso, opt_own, opt_per, opt_sol, opt_un };
  const Arg_parser::Option options[] =
    {
    { '0',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '1',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '2',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '3',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '4',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '5',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '6',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '7',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '8',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { '9',  0,                 Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'A', "concatenate",      Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'B', "data-size",        Arg_parser::yes },
    { 'c', "create",           Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'C', "directory",        Arg_parser::yes },
    { 'f', "file",             Arg_parser::yes },
    { 'h', "help",             Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'H', "format",           Arg_parser::yes },
    { 'n', "threads",          Arg_parser::yes },
    { 'q', "quiet",            Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'r', "append",           Arg_parser::no  },
    { 't', "list",             Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'v', "verbose",          Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'V', "version",          Arg_parser::no  },
    { 'x', "extract",          Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_ano, "anonymous",    Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_aso, "asolid",       Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_bso, "bsolid",       Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_dbg, "debug",        Arg_parser::yes },
    { opt_dso, "dsolid",       Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_grp, "group",        Arg_parser::yes },
    { opt_kd,  "keep-damaged", Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_crc, "missing-crc",  Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_nso, "no-solid",     Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_own, "owner",        Arg_parser::yes },
    { opt_per, "permissive",   Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_sol, "solid",        Arg_parser::no  },
    { opt_un,  "uncompressed", Arg_parser::no  },
    {  0 ,  0,                 Arg_parser::no  } };

  const Arg_parser parser( argc, argv, options, true );
  if( parser.error().size() )				// bad option
    { show_error( parser.error().c_str(), 0, true ); return 1; }

  const long num_online = std::max( 1L, sysconf( _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN ) );
  long max_workers = sysconf( _SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX );
  if( max_workers < 1 || max_workers > INT_MAX / (int)sizeof (pthread_t) )
    max_workers = INT_MAX / sizeof (pthread_t);

  int filenames = 0;
  for( int argind = 0; argind < parser.arguments(); ++argind )
    {
    const int code = parser.code( argind );
    if( !code ) { ++filenames; continue; }		// skip non-options
    const std::string & sarg = parser.argument( argind );
    const char * const arg = sarg.c_str();
    switch( code )
      {
      case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
      case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
                level = code - '0'; break;
      case 'A': set_mode( program_mode, m_concatenate ); break;
      case 'B': cl_data_size = getnum( arg, min_data_size, max_data_size );
                break;
      case 'c': set_mode( program_mode, m_create ); break;
      case 'C': break;					// skip chdir
      case 'f': if( sarg != "-" ) archive_name = sarg; break;
      case 'h': show_help( num_online ); return 0;
      case 'H': break;					// ignore format
      case 'n': num_workers = getnum( arg, 0, max_workers ); break;
      case 'q': verbosity = -1; break;
      case 'r': set_mode( program_mode, m_append ); break;
      case 't': set_mode( program_mode, m_list ); break;
      case 'v': if( verbosity < 4 ) ++verbosity; break;
      case 'V': show_version(); return 0;
      case 'x': set_mode( program_mode, m_extract ); break;
      case opt_ano: set_owner( "root" ); set_group( "root" ); break;
      case opt_aso: solidity = asolid; break;
      case opt_bso: solidity = bsolid; break;
      case opt_crc: missing_crc = true; break;
      case opt_dbg: debug_level = getnum( arg, 0, 3 ); break;
      case opt_dso: solidity = dsolid; break;
      case opt_grp: set_group( arg ); break;
      case opt_kd:  keep_damaged = true; break;
      case opt_nso: solidity = no_solid; break;
      case opt_own: set_owner( arg ); break;
      case opt_per: permissive = true; break;
      case opt_sol: solidity = solid; break;
      case opt_un:  level = -1; break;
      default : internal_error( "uncaught option" );
      }
    } // end process options

#if defined(__MSVCRT__) || defined(__OS2__)
  setmode( STDIN_FILENO, O_BINARY );
  setmode( STDOUT_FILENO, O_BINARY );
#endif

  if( num_workers < 0 ) num_workers = std::min( num_online, max_workers );

  switch( program_mode )
    {
    case m_none:   show_error( "Missing operation.", 0, true ); return 2;
    case m_append:
    case m_create: return encode( archive_name, parser, filenames, level,
                                  program_mode == m_append );
    case m_concatenate: return concatenate( archive_name, parser, filenames );
    case m_extract:
    case m_list:   return decode( archive_name, parser, filenames, num_workers,
                            debug_level, keep_damaged, program_mode == m_list,
                            missing_crc, permissive );
    }
  }