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# sqlglot.tokens

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import typing as t
       4from enum import auto
       5
       6from sqlglot.helper import AutoName
       7from sqlglot.trie import in_trie, new_trie
       8
       9
      10class TokenType(AutoName):
      11    L_PAREN = auto()
      12    R_PAREN = auto()
      13    L_BRACKET = auto()
      14    R_BRACKET = auto()
      15    L_BRACE = auto()
      16    R_BRACE = auto()
      17    COMMA = auto()
      18    DOT = auto()
      19    DASH = auto()
      20    PLUS = auto()
      21    COLON = auto()
      22    DCOLON = auto()
      23    SEMICOLON = auto()
      24    STAR = auto()
      25    BACKSLASH = auto()
      26    SLASH = auto()
      27    LT = auto()
      28    LTE = auto()
      29    GT = auto()
      30    GTE = auto()
      31    NOT = auto()
      32    EQ = auto()
      33    NEQ = auto()
      34    NULLSAFE_EQ = auto()
      35    AND = auto()
      36    OR = auto()
      37    AMP = auto()
      38    DPIPE = auto()
      39    PIPE = auto()
      40    CARET = auto()
      41    TILDA = auto()
      42    ARROW = auto()
      43    DARROW = auto()
      44    FARROW = auto()
      45    HASH = auto()
      46    HASH_ARROW = auto()
      47    DHASH_ARROW = auto()
      48    LR_ARROW = auto()
      49    LT_AT = auto()
      50    AT_GT = auto()
      51    DOLLAR = auto()
      52    PARAMETER = auto()
      53    SESSION_PARAMETER = auto()
      54    DAMP = auto()
      55
      56    BLOCK_START = auto()
      57    BLOCK_END = auto()
      58
      59    SPACE = auto()
      60    BREAK = auto()
      61
      62    STRING = auto()
      63    NUMBER = auto()
      64    IDENTIFIER = auto()
      65    DATABASE = auto()
      66    COLUMN = auto()
      67    COLUMN_DEF = auto()
      68    SCHEMA = auto()
      69    TABLE = auto()
      70    VAR = auto()
      71    BIT_STRING = auto()
      72    HEX_STRING = auto()
      73    BYTE_STRING = auto()
      74    NATIONAL_STRING = auto()
      75    RAW_STRING = auto()
      76
      77    # types
      78    BIT = auto()
      79    BOOLEAN = auto()
      80    TINYINT = auto()
      81    UTINYINT = auto()
      82    SMALLINT = auto()
      83    USMALLINT = auto()
      84    INT = auto()
      85    UINT = auto()
      86    BIGINT = auto()
      87    UBIGINT = auto()
      88    INT128 = auto()
      89    UINT128 = auto()
      90    INT256 = auto()
      91    UINT256 = auto()
      92    FLOAT = auto()
      93    DOUBLE = auto()
      94    DECIMAL = auto()
      95    BIGDECIMAL = auto()
      96    CHAR = auto()
      97    NCHAR = auto()
      98    VARCHAR = auto()
      99    NVARCHAR = auto()
     100    TEXT = auto()
     101    MEDIUMTEXT = auto()
     102    LONGTEXT = auto()
     103    MEDIUMBLOB = auto()
     104    LONGBLOB = auto()
     105    BINARY = auto()
     106    VARBINARY = auto()
     107    JSON = auto()
     108    JSONB = auto()
     109    TIME = auto()
     110    TIMESTAMP = auto()
     111    TIMESTAMPTZ = auto()
     112    TIMESTAMPLTZ = auto()
     113    DATETIME = auto()
     114    DATETIME64 = auto()
     115    DATE = auto()
     116    UUID = auto()
     117    GEOGRAPHY = auto()
     118    NULLABLE = auto()
     119    GEOMETRY = auto()
     120    HLLSKETCH = auto()
     121    HSTORE = auto()
     122    SUPER = auto()
     123    SERIAL = auto()
     124    SMALLSERIAL = auto()
     125    BIGSERIAL = auto()
     126    XML = auto()
     127    UNIQUEIDENTIFIER = auto()
     128    MONEY = auto()
     129    SMALLMONEY = auto()
     130    ROWVERSION = auto()
     131    IMAGE = auto()
     132    VARIANT = auto()
     133    OBJECT = auto()
     134    INET = auto()
     135
     136    # keywords
     137    ALIAS = auto()
     138    ALTER = auto()
     139    ALWAYS = auto()
     140    ALL = auto()
     141    ANTI = auto()
     142    ANY = auto()
     143    APPLY = auto()
     144    ARRAY = auto()
     145    ASC = auto()
     146    ASOF = auto()
     147    AUTO_INCREMENT = auto()
     148    BEGIN = auto()
     149    BETWEEN = auto()
     150    CACHE = auto()
     151    CASE = auto()
     152    CHARACTER_SET = auto()
     153    COLLATE = auto()
     154    COMMAND = auto()
     155    COMMENT = auto()
     156    COMMIT = auto()
     157    CONSTRAINT = auto()
     158    CREATE = auto()
     159    CROSS = auto()
     160    CUBE = auto()
     161    CURRENT_DATE = auto()
     162    CURRENT_DATETIME = auto()
     163    CURRENT_TIME = auto()
     164    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = auto()
     165    CURRENT_USER = auto()
     166    DEFAULT = auto()
     167    DELETE = auto()
     168    DESC = auto()
     169    DESCRIBE = auto()
     170    DISTINCT = auto()
     171    DIV = auto()
     172    DROP = auto()
     173    ELSE = auto()
     174    END = auto()
     175    ESCAPE = auto()
     176    EXCEPT = auto()
     177    EXECUTE = auto()
     178    EXISTS = auto()
     179    FALSE = auto()
     180    FETCH = auto()
     181    FILTER = auto()
     182    FINAL = auto()
     183    FIRST = auto()
     184    FOR = auto()
     185    FOREIGN_KEY = auto()
     186    FORMAT = auto()
     187    FROM = auto()
     188    FULL = auto()
     189    FUNCTION = auto()
     190    GLOB = auto()
     191    GLOBAL = auto()
     192    GROUP_BY = auto()
     193    GROUPING_SETS = auto()
     194    HAVING = auto()
     195    HINT = auto()
     196    IF = auto()
     197    ILIKE = auto()
     198    ILIKE_ANY = auto()
     199    IN = auto()
     200    INDEX = auto()
     201    INNER = auto()
     202    INSERT = auto()
     203    INTERSECT = auto()
     204    INTERVAL = auto()
     205    INTO = auto()
     206    INTRODUCER = auto()
     207    IRLIKE = auto()
     208    IS = auto()
     209    ISNULL = auto()
     210    JOIN = auto()
     211    JOIN_MARKER = auto()
     212    KEEP = auto()
     213    LANGUAGE = auto()
     214    LATERAL = auto()
     215    LEFT = auto()
     216    LIKE = auto()
     217    LIKE_ANY = auto()
     218    LIMIT = auto()
     219    LOAD = auto()
     220    LOCK = auto()
     221    MAP = auto()
     222    MATCH_RECOGNIZE = auto()
     223    MERGE = auto()
     224    MOD = auto()
     225    NATURAL = auto()
     226    NEXT = auto()
     227    NEXT_VALUE_FOR = auto()
     228    NOTNULL = auto()
     229    NULL = auto()
     230    OFFSET = auto()
     231    ON = auto()
     232    ORDER_BY = auto()
     233    ORDERED = auto()
     234    ORDINALITY = auto()
     235    OUTER = auto()
     236    OVER = auto()
     237    OVERLAPS = auto()
     238    OVERWRITE = auto()
     239    PARTITION = auto()
     240    PARTITION_BY = auto()
     241    PERCENT = auto()
     242    PIVOT = auto()
     243    PLACEHOLDER = auto()
     244    PRAGMA = auto()
     245    PRIMARY_KEY = auto()
     246    PROCEDURE = auto()
     247    PROPERTIES = auto()
     248    PSEUDO_TYPE = auto()
     249    QUALIFY = auto()
     250    QUOTE = auto()
     251    RANGE = auto()
     252    RECURSIVE = auto()
     253    REPLACE = auto()
     254    RETURNING = auto()
     255    REFERENCES = auto()
     256    RIGHT = auto()
     257    RLIKE = auto()
     258    ROLLBACK = auto()
     259    ROLLUP = auto()
     260    ROW = auto()
     261    ROWS = auto()
     262    SELECT = auto()
     263    SEMI = auto()
     264    SEPARATOR = auto()
     265    SERDE_PROPERTIES = auto()
     266    SET = auto()
     267    SETTINGS = auto()
     268    SHOW = auto()
     269    SIMILAR_TO = auto()
     270    SOME = auto()
     271    STRUCT = auto()
     272    TABLE_SAMPLE = auto()
     273    TEMPORARY = auto()
     274    TOP = auto()
     275    THEN = auto()
     276    TRUE = auto()
     277    UNCACHE = auto()
     278    UNION = auto()
     279    UNNEST = auto()
     280    UNPIVOT = auto()
     281    UPDATE = auto()
     282    USE = auto()
     283    USING = auto()
     284    VALUES = auto()
     285    VIEW = auto()
     286    VOLATILE = auto()
     287    WHEN = auto()
     288    WHERE = auto()
     289    WINDOW = auto()
     290    WITH = auto()
     291    UNIQUE = auto()
     292
     293
     294class Token:
     295    __slots__ = ("token_type", "text", "line", "col", "start", "end", "comments")
     296
     297    @classmethod
     298    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
     299        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
     300        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))
     301
     302    @classmethod
     303    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
     304        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
     305        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)
     306
     307    @classmethod
     308    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
     309        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
     310        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)
     311
     312    @classmethod
     313    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
     314        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
     315        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)
     316
     317    def __init__(
     318        self,
     319        token_type: TokenType,
     320        text: str,
     321        line: int = 1,
     322        col: int = 1,
     323        start: int = 0,
     324        end: int = 0,
     325        comments: t.List[str] = [],
     326    ) -> None:
     327        """Token initializer.
     328
     329        Args:
     330            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
     331            text: The text of the token.
     332            line: The line that the token ends on.
     333            col: The column that the token ends on.
     334            start: The start index of the token.
     335            end: The ending index of the token.
     336        """
     337        self.token_type = token_type
     338        self.text = text
     339        self.line = line
     340        self.col = col
     341        self.start = start
     342        self.end = end
     343        self.comments = comments
     344
     345    def __repr__(self) -> str:
     346        attributes = ", ".join(f"{k}: {getattr(self, k)}" for k in self.__slots__)
     347        return f"<Token {attributes}>"
     348
     349
     350class _Tokenizer(type):
     351    def __new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs):
     352        klass = super().__new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs)
     353
     354        def _convert_quotes(arr: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]]) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
     355            return dict(
     356                (item, item) if isinstance(item, str) else (item[0], item[1]) for item in arr
     357            )
     358
     359        def _quotes_to_format(
     360            token_type: TokenType, arr: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]]
     361        ) -> t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]]:
     362            return {k: (v, token_type) for k, v in _convert_quotes(arr).items()}
     363
     364        klass._QUOTES = _convert_quotes(klass.QUOTES)
     365        klass._IDENTIFIERS = _convert_quotes(klass.IDENTIFIERS)
     366
     367        klass._FORMAT_STRINGS = {
     368            **{
     369                p + s: (e, TokenType.NATIONAL_STRING)
     370                for s, e in klass._QUOTES.items()
     371                for p in ("n", "N")
     372            },
     373            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.BIT_STRING, klass.BIT_STRINGS),
     374            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.BYTE_STRING, klass.BYTE_STRINGS),
     375            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.HEX_STRING, klass.HEX_STRINGS),
     376            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.RAW_STRING, klass.RAW_STRINGS),
     377        }
     378
     379        klass._STRING_ESCAPES = set(klass.STRING_ESCAPES)
     380        klass._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = set(klass.IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
     381        klass._COMMENTS = dict(
     382            (comment, None) if isinstance(comment, str) else (comment[0], comment[1])
     383            for comment in klass.COMMENTS
     384        )
     385
     386        klass.KEYWORD_TRIE = new_trie(
     387            key.upper()
     388            for key in (
     389                *klass.KEYWORDS,
     390                *klass._COMMENTS,
     391                *klass._QUOTES,
     392                *klass._FORMAT_STRINGS,
     393            )
     394            if " " in key or any(single in key for single in klass.SINGLE_TOKENS)
     395        )
     396
     397        return klass
     398
     399
     400class Tokenizer(metaclass=_Tokenizer):
     401    SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     402        "(": TokenType.L_PAREN,
     403        ")": TokenType.R_PAREN,
     404        "[": TokenType.L_BRACKET,
     405        "]": TokenType.R_BRACKET,
     406        "{": TokenType.L_BRACE,
     407        "}": TokenType.R_BRACE,
     408        "&": TokenType.AMP,
     409        "^": TokenType.CARET,
     410        ":": TokenType.COLON,
     411        ",": TokenType.COMMA,
     412        ".": TokenType.DOT,
     413        "-": TokenType.DASH,
     414        "=": TokenType.EQ,
     415        ">": TokenType.GT,
     416        "<": TokenType.LT,
     417        "%": TokenType.MOD,
     418        "!": TokenType.NOT,
     419        "|": TokenType.PIPE,
     420        "+": TokenType.PLUS,
     421        ";": TokenType.SEMICOLON,
     422        "/": TokenType.SLASH,
     423        "\\": TokenType.BACKSLASH,
     424        "*": TokenType.STAR,
     425        "~": TokenType.TILDA,
     426        "?": TokenType.PLACEHOLDER,
     427        "@": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     428        # used for breaking a var like x'y' but nothing else
     429        # the token type doesn't matter
     430        "'": TokenType.QUOTE,
     431        "`": TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
     432        '"': TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
     433        "#": TokenType.HASH,
     434    }
     435
     436    BIT_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     437    BYTE_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     438    HEX_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     439    RAW_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     440    IDENTIFIERS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = ['"']
     441    IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = ['"']
     442    QUOTES: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str] | str] = ["'"]
     443    STRING_ESCAPES = ["'"]
     444    VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS: t.Set[str] = set()
     445
     446    _COMMENTS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     447    _FORMAT_STRINGS: t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]] = {}
     448    _IDENTIFIERS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     449    _IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
     450    _QUOTES: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     451    _STRING_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
     452
     453    KEYWORDS: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
     454        **{f"{{%{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("", "+", "-")},
     455        **{f"{prefix}%}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("", "+", "-")},
     456        "{{+": TokenType.BLOCK_START,
     457        "{{-": TokenType.BLOCK_START,
     458        "+}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END,
     459        "-}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END,
     460        "/*+": TokenType.HINT,
     461        "==": TokenType.EQ,
     462        "::": TokenType.DCOLON,
     463        "||": TokenType.DPIPE,
     464        ">=": TokenType.GTE,
     465        "<=": TokenType.LTE,
     466        "<>": TokenType.NEQ,
     467        "!=": TokenType.NEQ,
     468        "<=>": TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ,
     469        "->": TokenType.ARROW,
     470        "->>": TokenType.DARROW,
     471        "=>": TokenType.FARROW,
     472        "#>": TokenType.HASH_ARROW,
     473        "#>>": TokenType.DHASH_ARROW,
     474        "<->": TokenType.LR_ARROW,
     475        "&&": TokenType.DAMP,
     476        "ALL": TokenType.ALL,
     477        "ALWAYS": TokenType.ALWAYS,
     478        "AND": TokenType.AND,
     479        "ANTI": TokenType.ANTI,
     480        "ANY": TokenType.ANY,
     481        "ASC": TokenType.ASC,
     482        "AS": TokenType.ALIAS,
     483        "AUTOINCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
     484        "AUTO_INCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
     485        "BEGIN": TokenType.BEGIN,
     486        "BETWEEN": TokenType.BETWEEN,
     487        "CACHE": TokenType.CACHE,
     488        "UNCACHE": TokenType.UNCACHE,
     489        "CASE": TokenType.CASE,
     490        "CHARACTER SET": TokenType.CHARACTER_SET,
     491        "COLLATE": TokenType.COLLATE,
     492        "COLUMN": TokenType.COLUMN,
     493        "COMMIT": TokenType.COMMIT,
     494        "CONSTRAINT": TokenType.CONSTRAINT,
     495        "CREATE": TokenType.CREATE,
     496        "CROSS": TokenType.CROSS,
     497        "CUBE": TokenType.CUBE,
     498        "CURRENT_DATE": TokenType.CURRENT_DATE,
     499        "CURRENT_TIME": TokenType.CURRENT_TIME,
     500        "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP": TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
     501        "CURRENT_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
     502        "DATABASE": TokenType.DATABASE,
     503        "DEFAULT": TokenType.DEFAULT,
     504        "DELETE": TokenType.DELETE,
     505        "DESC": TokenType.DESC,
     506        "DESCRIBE": TokenType.DESCRIBE,
     507        "DISTINCT": TokenType.DISTINCT,
     508        "DIV": TokenType.DIV,
     509        "DROP": TokenType.DROP,
     510        "ELSE": TokenType.ELSE,
     511        "END": TokenType.END,
     512        "ESCAPE": TokenType.ESCAPE,
     513        "EXCEPT": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     514        "EXECUTE": TokenType.EXECUTE,
     515        "EXISTS": TokenType.EXISTS,
     516        "FALSE": TokenType.FALSE,
     517        "FETCH": TokenType.FETCH,
     518        "FILTER": TokenType.FILTER,
     519        "FIRST": TokenType.FIRST,
     520        "FULL": TokenType.FULL,
     521        "FUNCTION": TokenType.FUNCTION,
     522        "FOR": TokenType.FOR,
     523        "FOREIGN KEY": TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY,
     524        "FORMAT": TokenType.FORMAT,
     525        "FROM": TokenType.FROM,
     526        "GEOGRAPHY": TokenType.GEOGRAPHY,
     527        "GEOMETRY": TokenType.GEOMETRY,
     528        "GLOB": TokenType.GLOB,
     529        "GROUP BY": TokenType.GROUP_BY,
     530        "GROUPING SETS": TokenType.GROUPING_SETS,
     531        "HAVING": TokenType.HAVING,
     532        "IF": TokenType.IF,
     533        "ILIKE": TokenType.ILIKE,
     534        "IN": TokenType.IN,
     535        "INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
     536        "INET": TokenType.INET,
     537        "INNER": TokenType.INNER,
     538        "INSERT": TokenType.INSERT,
     539        "INTERVAL": TokenType.INTERVAL,
     540        "INTERSECT": TokenType.INTERSECT,
     541        "INTO": TokenType.INTO,
     542        "IS": TokenType.IS,
     543        "ISNULL": TokenType.ISNULL,
     544        "JOIN": TokenType.JOIN,
     545        "KEEP": TokenType.KEEP,
     546        "LATERAL": TokenType.LATERAL,
     547        "LEFT": TokenType.LEFT,
     548        "LIKE": TokenType.LIKE,
     549        "LIMIT": TokenType.LIMIT,
     550        "LOAD": TokenType.LOAD,
     551        "LOCK": TokenType.LOCK,
     552        "MERGE": TokenType.MERGE,
     553        "NATURAL": TokenType.NATURAL,
     554        "NEXT": TokenType.NEXT,
     555        "NEXT VALUE FOR": TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR,
     556        "NOT": TokenType.NOT,
     557        "NOTNULL": TokenType.NOTNULL,
     558        "NULL": TokenType.NULL,
     559        "OBJECT": TokenType.OBJECT,
     560        "OFFSET": TokenType.OFFSET,
     561        "ON": TokenType.ON,
     562        "OR": TokenType.OR,
     563        "ORDER BY": TokenType.ORDER_BY,
     564        "ORDINALITY": TokenType.ORDINALITY,
     565        "OUTER": TokenType.OUTER,
     566        "OVER": TokenType.OVER,
     567        "OVERLAPS": TokenType.OVERLAPS,
     568        "OVERWRITE": TokenType.OVERWRITE,
     569        "PARTITION": TokenType.PARTITION,
     570        "PARTITION BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
     571        "PARTITIONED BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
     572        "PARTITIONED_BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
     573        "PERCENT": TokenType.PERCENT,
     574        "PIVOT": TokenType.PIVOT,
     575        "PRAGMA": TokenType.PRAGMA,
     576        "PRIMARY KEY": TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY,
     577        "PROCEDURE": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
     578        "QUALIFY": TokenType.QUALIFY,
     579        "RANGE": TokenType.RANGE,
     580        "RECURSIVE": TokenType.RECURSIVE,
     581        "REGEXP": TokenType.RLIKE,
     582        "REPLACE": TokenType.REPLACE,
     583        "REFERENCES": TokenType.REFERENCES,
     584        "RIGHT": TokenType.RIGHT,
     585        "RLIKE": TokenType.RLIKE,
     586        "ROLLBACK": TokenType.ROLLBACK,
     587        "ROLLUP": TokenType.ROLLUP,
     588        "ROW": TokenType.ROW,
     589        "ROWS": TokenType.ROWS,
     590        "SCHEMA": TokenType.SCHEMA,
     591        "SELECT": TokenType.SELECT,
     592        "SEMI": TokenType.SEMI,
     593        "SET": TokenType.SET,
     594        "SETTINGS": TokenType.SETTINGS,
     595        "SHOW": TokenType.SHOW,
     596        "SIMILAR TO": TokenType.SIMILAR_TO,
     597        "SOME": TokenType.SOME,
     598        "TABLE": TokenType.TABLE,
     599        "TABLESAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     600        "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
     601        "TEMPORARY": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
     602        "THEN": TokenType.THEN,
     603        "TRUE": TokenType.TRUE,
     604        "UNION": TokenType.UNION,
     605        "UNNEST": TokenType.UNNEST,
     606        "UNPIVOT": TokenType.UNPIVOT,
     607        "UPDATE": TokenType.UPDATE,
     608        "USE": TokenType.USE,
     609        "USING": TokenType.USING,
     610        "UUID": TokenType.UUID,
     611        "VALUES": TokenType.VALUES,
     612        "VIEW": TokenType.VIEW,
     613        "VOLATILE": TokenType.VOLATILE,
     614        "WHEN": TokenType.WHEN,
     615        "WHERE": TokenType.WHERE,
     616        "WINDOW": TokenType.WINDOW,
     617        "WITH": TokenType.WITH,
     618        "APPLY": TokenType.APPLY,
     619        "ARRAY": TokenType.ARRAY,
     620        "BIT": TokenType.BIT,
     621        "BOOL": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
     622        "BOOLEAN": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
     623        "BYTE": TokenType.TINYINT,
     624        "TINYINT": TokenType.TINYINT,
     625        "SHORT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
     626        "SMALLINT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
     627        "INT2": TokenType.SMALLINT,
     628        "INTEGER": TokenType.INT,
     629        "INT": TokenType.INT,
     630        "INT4": TokenType.INT,
     631        "LONG": TokenType.BIGINT,
     632        "BIGINT": TokenType.BIGINT,
     633        "INT8": TokenType.BIGINT,
     634        "DEC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     635        "DECIMAL": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     636        "BIGDECIMAL": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
     637        "BIGNUMERIC": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
     638        "MAP": TokenType.MAP,
     639        "NULLABLE": TokenType.NULLABLE,
     640        "NUMBER": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     641        "NUMERIC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     642        "FIXED": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     643        "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
     644        "FLOAT": TokenType.FLOAT,
     645        "FLOAT4": TokenType.FLOAT,
     646        "FLOAT8": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     647        "DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     648        "DOUBLE PRECISION": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     649        "JSON": TokenType.JSON,
     650        "CHAR": TokenType.CHAR,
     651        "CHARACTER": TokenType.CHAR,
     652        "NCHAR": TokenType.NCHAR,
     653        "VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     654        "VARCHAR2": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     655        "NVARCHAR": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
     656        "NVARCHAR2": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
     657        "STR": TokenType.TEXT,
     658        "STRING": TokenType.TEXT,
     659        "TEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
     660        "CLOB": TokenType.TEXT,
     661        "LONGVARCHAR": TokenType.TEXT,
     662        "BINARY": TokenType.BINARY,
     663        "BLOB": TokenType.VARBINARY,
     664        "BYTEA": TokenType.VARBINARY,
     665        "VARBINARY": TokenType.VARBINARY,
     666        "TIME": TokenType.TIME,
     667        "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
     668        "TIMESTAMPTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     669        "TIMESTAMPLTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ,
     670        "DATE": TokenType.DATE,
     671        "DATETIME": TokenType.DATETIME,
     672        "UNIQUE": TokenType.UNIQUE,
     673        "STRUCT": TokenType.STRUCT,
     674        "VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
     675        "ALTER": TokenType.ALTER,
     676        "ANALYZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     677        "CALL": TokenType.COMMAND,
     678        "COMMENT": TokenType.COMMENT,
     679        "COPY": TokenType.COMMAND,
     680        "EXPLAIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
     681        "GRANT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     682        "OPTIMIZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     683        "PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     684        "TRUNCATE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     685        "VACUUM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     686    }
     687
     688    WHITE_SPACE: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
     689        " ": TokenType.SPACE,
     690        "\t": TokenType.SPACE,
     691        "\n": TokenType.BREAK,
     692        "\r": TokenType.BREAK,
     693        "\r\n": TokenType.BREAK,
     694    }
     695
     696    COMMANDS = {
     697        TokenType.COMMAND,
     698        TokenType.EXECUTE,
     699        TokenType.FETCH,
     700        TokenType.SHOW,
     701    }
     702
     703    COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS = {TokenType.SEMICOLON, TokenType.BEGIN}
     704
     705    # handle numeric literals like in hive (3L = BIGINT)
     706    NUMERIC_LITERALS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     707    ENCODE: t.Optional[str] = None
     708
     709    COMMENTS = ["--", ("/*", "*/"), ("{#", "#}")]
     710    KEYWORD_TRIE: t.Dict = {}  # autofilled
     711
     712    IDENTIFIER_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = False
     713
     714    __slots__ = (
     715        "sql",
     716        "size",
     717        "tokens",
     718        "_start",
     719        "_current",
     720        "_line",
     721        "_col",
     722        "_comments",
     723        "_char",
     724        "_end",
     725        "_peek",
     726        "_prev_token_line",
     727    )
     728
     729    def __init__(self) -> None:
     730        self.reset()
     731
     732    def reset(self) -> None:
     733        self.sql = ""
     734        self.size = 0
     735        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
     736        self._start = 0
     737        self._current = 0
     738        self._line = 1
     739        self._col = 0
     740        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
     741
     742        self._char = ""
     743        self._end = False
     744        self._peek = ""
     745        self._prev_token_line = -1
     746
     747    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
     748        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
     749        self.reset()
     750        self.sql = sql
     751        self.size = len(sql)
     752
     753        try:
     754            self._scan()
     755        except Exception as e:
     756            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
     757            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
     758            context = self.sql[start:end]
     759            raise ValueError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
     760
     761        return self.tokens
     762
     763    def _scan(self, until: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
     764        while self.size and not self._end:
     765            self._start = self._current
     766            self._advance()
     767
     768            if self._char is None:
     769                break
     770
     771            if self._char not in self.WHITE_SPACE:
     772                if self._char.isdigit():
     773                    self._scan_number()
     774                elif self._char in self._IDENTIFIERS:
     775                    self._scan_identifier(self._IDENTIFIERS[self._char])
     776                else:
     777                    self._scan_keywords()
     778
     779            if until and until():
     780                break
     781
     782        if self.tokens and self._comments:
     783            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
     784
     785    def _chars(self, size: int) -> str:
     786        if size == 1:
     787            return self._char
     788
     789        start = self._current - 1
     790        end = start + size
     791
     792        return self.sql[start:end] if end <= self.size else ""
     793
     794    def _advance(self, i: int = 1, alnum: bool = False) -> None:
     795        if self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._char) is TokenType.BREAK:
     796            self._col = 1
     797            self._line += 1
     798        else:
     799            self._col += i
     800
     801        self._current += i
     802        self._end = self._current >= self.size
     803        self._char = self.sql[self._current - 1]
     804        self._peek = "" if self._end else self.sql[self._current]
     805
     806        if alnum and self._char.isalnum():
     807            # Here we use local variables instead of attributes for better performance
     808            _col = self._col
     809            _current = self._current
     810            _end = self._end
     811            _peek = self._peek
     812
     813            while _peek.isalnum():
     814                _col += 1
     815                _current += 1
     816                _end = _current >= self.size
     817                _peek = "" if _end else self.sql[_current]
     818
     819            self._col = _col
     820            self._current = _current
     821            self._end = _end
     822            self._peek = _peek
     823            self._char = self.sql[_current - 1]
     824
     825    @property
     826    def _text(self) -> str:
     827        return self.sql[self._start : self._current]
     828
     829    def _add(self, token_type: TokenType, text: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
     830        self._prev_token_line = self._line
     831        self.tokens.append(
     832            Token(
     833                token_type,
     834                text=self._text if text is None else text,
     835                line=self._line,
     836                col=self._col,
     837                start=self._start,
     838                end=self._current - 1,
     839                comments=self._comments,
     840            )
     841        )
     842        self._comments = []
     843
     844        # If we have either a semicolon or a begin token before the command's token, we'll parse
     845        # whatever follows the command's token as a string
     846        if (
     847            token_type in self.COMMANDS
     848            and self._peek != ";"
     849            and (len(self.tokens) == 1 or self.tokens[-2].token_type in self.COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS)
     850        ):
     851            start = self._current
     852            tokens = len(self.tokens)
     853            self._scan(lambda: self._peek == ";")
     854            self.tokens = self.tokens[:tokens]
     855            text = self.sql[start : self._current].strip()
     856            if text:
     857                self._add(TokenType.STRING, text)
     858
     859    def _scan_keywords(self) -> None:
     860        size = 0
     861        word = None
     862        chars = self._text
     863        char = chars
     864        prev_space = False
     865        skip = False
     866        trie = self.KEYWORD_TRIE
     867        single_token = char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
     868
     869        while chars:
     870            if skip:
     871                result = 1
     872            else:
     873                result, trie = in_trie(trie, char.upper())
     874
     875            if result == 0:
     876                break
     877            if result == 2:
     878                word = chars
     879
     880            size += 1
     881            end = self._current - 1 + size
     882
     883            if end < self.size:
     884                char = self.sql[end]
     885                single_token = single_token or char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
     886                is_space = char in self.WHITE_SPACE
     887
     888                if not is_space or not prev_space:
     889                    if is_space:
     890                        char = " "
     891                    chars += char
     892                    prev_space = is_space
     893                    skip = False
     894                else:
     895                    skip = True
     896            else:
     897                char = ""
     898                chars = " "
     899
     900        word = None if not single_token and chars[-1] not in self.WHITE_SPACE else word
     901
     902        if not word:
     903            if self._char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
     904                self._add(self.SINGLE_TOKENS[self._char], text=self._char)
     905                return
     906            self._scan_var()
     907            return
     908
     909        if self._scan_string(word):
     910            return
     911        if self._scan_comment(word):
     912            return
     913
     914        self._advance(size - 1)
     915        word = word.upper()
     916        self._add(self.KEYWORDS[word], text=word)
     917
     918    def _scan_comment(self, comment_start: str) -> bool:
     919        if comment_start not in self._COMMENTS:
     920            return False
     921
     922        comment_start_line = self._line
     923        comment_start_size = len(comment_start)
     924        comment_end = self._COMMENTS[comment_start]
     925
     926        if comment_end:
     927            # Skip the comment's start delimiter
     928            self._advance(comment_start_size)
     929
     930            comment_end_size = len(comment_end)
     931            while not self._end and self._chars(comment_end_size) != comment_end:
     932                self._advance(alnum=True)
     933
     934            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size : -comment_end_size + 1])
     935            self._advance(comment_end_size - 1)
     936        else:
     937            while not self._end and not self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._peek) is TokenType.BREAK:
     938                self._advance(alnum=True)
     939            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size:])
     940
     941        # Leading comment is attached to the succeeding token, whilst trailing comment to the preceding.
     942        # Multiple consecutive comments are preserved by appending them to the current comments list.
     943        if comment_start_line == self._prev_token_line:
     944            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
     945            self._comments = []
     946            self._prev_token_line = self._line
     947
     948        return True
     949
     950    def _scan_number(self) -> None:
     951        if self._char == "0":
     952            peek = self._peek.upper()
     953            if peek == "B":
     954                return self._scan_bits() if self.BIT_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
     955            elif peek == "X":
     956                return self._scan_hex() if self.HEX_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
     957
     958        decimal = False
     959        scientific = 0
     960
     961        while True:
     962            if self._peek.isdigit():
     963                self._advance()
     964            elif self._peek == "." and not decimal:
     965                decimal = True
     966                self._advance()
     967            elif self._peek in ("-", "+") and scientific == 1:
     968                scientific += 1
     969                self._advance()
     970            elif self._peek.upper() == "E" and not scientific:
     971                scientific += 1
     972                self._advance()
     973            elif self._peek.isidentifier():
     974                number_text = self._text
     975                literal = ""
     976
     977                while self._peek.strip() and self._peek not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
     978                    literal += self._peek.upper()
     979                    self._advance()
     980
     981                token_type = self.KEYWORDS.get(self.NUMERIC_LITERALS.get(literal))
     982
     983                if token_type:
     984                    self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
     985                    self._add(TokenType.DCOLON, "::")
     986                    return self._add(token_type, literal)
     987                elif self.IDENTIFIER_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT:
     988                    return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
     989
     990                self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
     991                return self._advance(-len(literal))
     992            else:
     993                return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
     994
     995    def _scan_bits(self) -> None:
     996        self._advance()
     997        value = self._extract_value()
     998        try:
     999            # If `value` can't be converted to a binary, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
    1000            int(value, 2)
    1001            self._add(TokenType.BIT_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0b
    1002        except ValueError:
    1003            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
    1004
    1005    def _scan_hex(self) -> None:
    1006        self._advance()
    1007        value = self._extract_value()
    1008        try:
    1009            # If `value` can't be converted to a hex, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
    1010            int(value, 16)
    1011            self._add(TokenType.HEX_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0x
    1012        except ValueError:
    1013            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
    1014
    1015    def _extract_value(self) -> str:
    1016        while True:
    1017            char = self._peek.strip()
    1018            if char and char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
    1019                self._advance(alnum=True)
    1020            else:
    1021                break
    1022
    1023        return self._text
    1024
    1025    def _scan_string(self, start: str) -> bool:
    1026        base = None
    1027        token_type = TokenType.STRING
    1028
    1029        if start in self._QUOTES:
    1030            end = self._QUOTES[start]
    1031        elif start in self._FORMAT_STRINGS:
    1032            end, token_type = self._FORMAT_STRINGS[start]
    1033
    1034            if token_type == TokenType.HEX_STRING:
    1035                base = 16
    1036            elif token_type == TokenType.BIT_STRING:
    1037                base = 2
    1038        else:
    1039            return False
    1040
    1041        self._advance(len(start))
    1042        text = self._extract_string(end)
    1043
    1044        if base:
    1045            try:
    1046                int(text, base)
    1047            except:
    1048                raise RuntimeError(
    1049                    f"Numeric string contains invalid characters from {self._line}:{self._start}"
    1050                )
    1051        else:
    1052            text = text.encode(self.ENCODE).decode(self.ENCODE) if self.ENCODE else text
    1053
    1054        self._add(token_type, text)
    1055        return True
    1056
    1057    def _scan_identifier(self, identifier_end: str) -> None:
    1058        self._advance()
    1059        text = self._extract_string(identifier_end, self._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
    1060        self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, text)
    1061
    1062    def _scan_var(self) -> None:
    1063        while True:
    1064            char = self._peek.strip()
    1065            if char and (char in self.VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS or char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS):
    1066                self._advance(alnum=True)
    1067            else:
    1068                break
    1069
    1070        self._add(
    1071            TokenType.VAR
    1072            if self.tokens and self.tokens[-1].token_type == TokenType.PARAMETER
    1073            else self.KEYWORDS.get(self._text.upper(), TokenType.VAR)
    1074        )
    1075
    1076    def _extract_string(self, delimiter: str, escapes=None) -> str:
    1077        text = ""
    1078        delim_size = len(delimiter)
    1079        escapes = self._STRING_ESCAPES if escapes is None else escapes
    1080
    1081        while True:
    1082            if self._char in escapes and (self._peek == delimiter or self._peek in escapes):
    1083                if self._peek == delimiter:
    1084                    text += self._peek
    1085                else:
    1086                    text += self._char + self._peek
    1087
    1088                if self._current + 1 < self.size:
    1089                    self._advance(2)
    1090                else:
    1091                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._current}")
    1092            else:
    1093                if self._chars(delim_size) == delimiter:
    1094                    if delim_size > 1:
    1095                        self._advance(delim_size - 1)
    1096                    break
    1097
    1098                if self._end:
    1099                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._start}")
    1100
    1101                current = self._current - 1
    1102                self._advance(alnum=True)
    1103                text += self.sql[current : self._current - 1]
    1104
    1105        return text

class TokenType(sqlglot.helper.AutoName): View Source

     11class TokenType(AutoName):
     12    L_PAREN = auto()
     13    R_PAREN = auto()
     14    L_BRACKET = auto()
     15    R_BRACKET = auto()
     16    L_BRACE = auto()
     17    R_BRACE = auto()
     18    COMMA = auto()
     19    DOT = auto()
     20    DASH = auto()
     21    PLUS = auto()
     22    COLON = auto()
     23    DCOLON = auto()
     24    SEMICOLON = auto()
     25    STAR = auto()
     26    BACKSLASH = auto()
     27    SLASH = auto()
     28    LT = auto()
     29    LTE = auto()
     30    GT = auto()
     31    GTE = auto()
     32    NOT = auto()
     33    EQ = auto()
     34    NEQ = auto()
     35    NULLSAFE_EQ = auto()
     36    AND = auto()
     37    OR = auto()
     38    AMP = auto()
     39    DPIPE = auto()
     40    PIPE = auto()
     41    CARET = auto()
     42    TILDA = auto()
     43    ARROW = auto()
     44    DARROW = auto()
     45    FARROW = auto()
     46    HASH = auto()
     47    HASH_ARROW = auto()
     48    DHASH_ARROW = auto()
     49    LR_ARROW = auto()
     50    LT_AT = auto()
     51    AT_GT = auto()
     52    DOLLAR = auto()
     53    PARAMETER = auto()
     54    SESSION_PARAMETER = auto()
     55    DAMP = auto()
     56
     57    BLOCK_START = auto()
     58    BLOCK_END = auto()
     59
     60    SPACE = auto()
     61    BREAK = auto()
     62
     63    STRING = auto()
     64    NUMBER = auto()
     65    IDENTIFIER = auto()
     66    DATABASE = auto()
     67    COLUMN = auto()
     68    COLUMN_DEF = auto()
     69    SCHEMA = auto()
     70    TABLE = auto()
     71    VAR = auto()
     72    BIT_STRING = auto()
     73    HEX_STRING = auto()
     74    BYTE_STRING = auto()
     75    NATIONAL_STRING = auto()
     76    RAW_STRING = auto()
     77
     78    # types
     79    BIT = auto()
     80    BOOLEAN = auto()
     81    TINYINT = auto()
     82    UTINYINT = auto()
     83    SMALLINT = auto()
     84    USMALLINT = auto()
     85    INT = auto()
     86    UINT = auto()
     87    BIGINT = auto()
     88    UBIGINT = auto()
     89    INT128 = auto()
     90    UINT128 = auto()
     91    INT256 = auto()
     92    UINT256 = auto()
     93    FLOAT = auto()
     94    DOUBLE = auto()
     95    DECIMAL = auto()
     96    BIGDECIMAL = auto()
     97    CHAR = auto()
     98    NCHAR = auto()
     99    VARCHAR = auto()
    100    NVARCHAR = auto()
    101    TEXT = auto()
    102    MEDIUMTEXT = auto()
    103    LONGTEXT = auto()
    104    MEDIUMBLOB = auto()
    105    LONGBLOB = auto()
    106    BINARY = auto()
    107    VARBINARY = auto()
    108    JSON = auto()
    109    JSONB = auto()
    110    TIME = auto()
    111    TIMESTAMP = auto()
    112    TIMESTAMPTZ = auto()
    113    TIMESTAMPLTZ = auto()
    114    DATETIME = auto()
    115    DATETIME64 = auto()
    116    DATE = auto()
    117    UUID = auto()
    118    GEOGRAPHY = auto()
    119    NULLABLE = auto()
    120    GEOMETRY = auto()
    121    HLLSKETCH = auto()
    122    HSTORE = auto()
    123    SUPER = auto()
    124    SERIAL = auto()
    125    SMALLSERIAL = auto()
    126    BIGSERIAL = auto()
    127    XML = auto()
    128    UNIQUEIDENTIFIER = auto()
    129    MONEY = auto()
    130    SMALLMONEY = auto()
    131    ROWVERSION = auto()
    132    IMAGE = auto()
    133    VARIANT = auto()
    134    OBJECT = auto()
    135    INET = auto()
    136
    137    # keywords
    138    ALIAS = auto()
    139    ALTER = auto()
    140    ALWAYS = auto()
    141    ALL = auto()
    142    ANTI = auto()
    143    ANY = auto()
    144    APPLY = auto()
    145    ARRAY = auto()
    146    ASC = auto()
    147    ASOF = auto()
    148    AUTO_INCREMENT = auto()
    149    BEGIN = auto()
    150    BETWEEN = auto()
    151    CACHE = auto()
    152    CASE = auto()
    153    CHARACTER_SET = auto()
    154    COLLATE = auto()
    155    COMMAND = auto()
    156    COMMENT = auto()
    157    COMMIT = auto()
    158    CONSTRAINT = auto()
    159    CREATE = auto()
    160    CROSS = auto()
    161    CUBE = auto()
    162    CURRENT_DATE = auto()
    163    CURRENT_DATETIME = auto()
    164    CURRENT_TIME = auto()
    165    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = auto()
    166    CURRENT_USER = auto()
    167    DEFAULT = auto()
    168    DELETE = auto()
    169    DESC = auto()
    170    DESCRIBE = auto()
    171    DISTINCT = auto()
    172    DIV = auto()
    173    DROP = auto()
    174    ELSE = auto()
    175    END = auto()
    176    ESCAPE = auto()
    177    EXCEPT = auto()
    178    EXECUTE = auto()
    179    EXISTS = auto()
    180    FALSE = auto()
    181    FETCH = auto()
    182    FILTER = auto()
    183    FINAL = auto()
    184    FIRST = auto()
    185    FOR = auto()
    186    FOREIGN_KEY = auto()
    187    FORMAT = auto()
    188    FROM = auto()
    189    FULL = auto()
    190    FUNCTION = auto()
    191    GLOB = auto()
    192    GLOBAL = auto()
    193    GROUP_BY = auto()
    194    GROUPING_SETS = auto()
    195    HAVING = auto()
    196    HINT = auto()
    197    IF = auto()
    198    ILIKE = auto()
    199    ILIKE_ANY = auto()
    200    IN = auto()
    201    INDEX = auto()
    202    INNER = auto()
    203    INSERT = auto()
    204    INTERSECT = auto()
    205    INTERVAL = auto()
    206    INTO = auto()
    207    INTRODUCER = auto()
    208    IRLIKE = auto()
    209    IS = auto()
    210    ISNULL = auto()
    211    JOIN = auto()
    212    JOIN_MARKER = auto()
    213    KEEP = auto()
    214    LANGUAGE = auto()
    215    LATERAL = auto()
    216    LEFT = auto()
    217    LIKE = auto()
    218    LIKE_ANY = auto()
    219    LIMIT = auto()
    220    LOAD = auto()
    221    LOCK = auto()
    222    MAP = auto()
    223    MATCH_RECOGNIZE = auto()
    224    MERGE = auto()
    225    MOD = auto()
    226    NATURAL = auto()
    227    NEXT = auto()
    228    NEXT_VALUE_FOR = auto()
    229    NOTNULL = auto()
    230    NULL = auto()
    231    OFFSET = auto()
    232    ON = auto()
    233    ORDER_BY = auto()
    234    ORDERED = auto()
    235    ORDINALITY = auto()
    236    OUTER = auto()
    237    OVER = auto()
    238    OVERLAPS = auto()
    239    OVERWRITE = auto()
    240    PARTITION = auto()
    241    PARTITION_BY = auto()
    242    PERCENT = auto()
    243    PIVOT = auto()
    244    PLACEHOLDER = auto()
    245    PRAGMA = auto()
    246    PRIMARY_KEY = auto()
    247    PROCEDURE = auto()
    248    PROPERTIES = auto()
    249    PSEUDO_TYPE = auto()
    250    QUALIFY = auto()
    251    QUOTE = auto()
    252    RANGE = auto()
    253    RECURSIVE = auto()
    254    REPLACE = auto()
    255    RETURNING = auto()
    256    REFERENCES = auto()
    257    RIGHT = auto()
    258    RLIKE = auto()
    259    ROLLBACK = auto()
    260    ROLLUP = auto()
    261    ROW = auto()
    262    ROWS = auto()
    263    SELECT = auto()
    264    SEMI = auto()
    265    SEPARATOR = auto()
    266    SERDE_PROPERTIES = auto()
    267    SET = auto()
    268    SETTINGS = auto()
    269    SHOW = auto()
    270    SIMILAR_TO = auto()
    271    SOME = auto()
    272    STRUCT = auto()
    273    TABLE_SAMPLE = auto()
    274    TEMPORARY = auto()
    275    TOP = auto()
    276    THEN = auto()
    277    TRUE = auto()
    278    UNCACHE = auto()
    279    UNION = auto()
    280    UNNEST = auto()
    281    UNPIVOT = auto()
    282    UPDATE = auto()
    283    USE = auto()
    284    USING = auto()
    285    VALUES = auto()
    286    VIEW = auto()
    287    VOLATILE = auto()
    288    WHEN = auto()
    289    WHERE = auto()
    290    WINDOW = auto()
    291    WITH = auto()
    292    UNIQUE = auto()

An enumeration.

L_PAREN = <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>
R_PAREN = <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>
L_BRACKET = <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>
R_BRACKET = <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>
L_BRACE = <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>
R_BRACE = <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>
COMMA = <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>
DOT = <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>
DASH = <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>
PLUS = <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>
COLON = <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>
DCOLON = <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>
SEMICOLON = <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>
STAR = <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>
BACKSLASH = <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>
SLASH = <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>
LT = <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>
LTE = <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>
GT = <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>
GTE = <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>
NOT = <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>
EQ = <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>
NEQ = <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>
NULLSAFE_EQ = <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>
AND = <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>
OR = <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>
AMP = <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>
DPIPE = <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>
PIPE = <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>
CARET = <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>
TILDA = <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>
ARROW = <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>
DARROW = <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>
FARROW = <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>
HASH = <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>
HASH_ARROW = <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>
DHASH_ARROW = <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>
LR_ARROW = <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>
LT_AT = <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>
AT_GT = <TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>
DOLLAR = <TokenType.DOLLAR: 'DOLLAR'>
PARAMETER = <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>
SESSION_PARAMETER = <TokenType.SESSION_PARAMETER: 'SESSION_PARAMETER'>
DAMP = <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>
BLOCK_START = <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>
BLOCK_END = <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>
SPACE = <TokenType.SPACE: 'SPACE'>
BREAK = <TokenType.BREAK: 'BREAK'>
STRING = <TokenType.STRING: 'STRING'>
NUMBER = <TokenType.NUMBER: 'NUMBER'>
IDENTIFIER = <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>
DATABASE = <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>
COLUMN = <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>
COLUMN_DEF = <TokenType.COLUMN_DEF: 'COLUMN_DEF'>
SCHEMA = <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>
TABLE = <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>
VAR = <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>
BIT_STRING = <TokenType.BIT_STRING: 'BIT_STRING'>
HEX_STRING = <TokenType.HEX_STRING: 'HEX_STRING'>
BYTE_STRING = <TokenType.BYTE_STRING: 'BYTE_STRING'>
NATIONAL_STRING = <TokenType.NATIONAL_STRING: 'NATIONAL_STRING'>
RAW_STRING = <TokenType.RAW_STRING: 'RAW_STRING'>
BIT = <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>
BOOLEAN = <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>
TINYINT = <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>
UTINYINT = <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>
SMALLINT = <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>
USMALLINT = <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>
INT = <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>
UINT = <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>
BIGINT = <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>
UBIGINT = <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>
INT128 = <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>
UINT128 = <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>
INT256 = <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>
UINT256 = <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>
FLOAT = <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>
DOUBLE = <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>
DECIMAL = <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>
BIGDECIMAL = <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>
CHAR = <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>
NCHAR = <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>
VARCHAR = <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>
NVARCHAR = <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>
TEXT = <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>
MEDIUMTEXT = <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>
LONGTEXT = <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>
MEDIUMBLOB = <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>
LONGBLOB = <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>
BINARY = <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>
VARBINARY = <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>
JSON = <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>
JSONB = <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>
TIME = <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>
TIMESTAMP = <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>
TIMESTAMPTZ = <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>
TIMESTAMPLTZ = <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>
DATETIME = <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>
DATETIME64 = <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>
DATE = <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>
UUID = <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>
GEOGRAPHY = <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>
NULLABLE = <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>
GEOMETRY = <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>
HLLSKETCH = <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>
HSTORE = <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>
SUPER = <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>
SERIAL = <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>
SMALLSERIAL = <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>
BIGSERIAL = <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>
XML = <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>
UNIQUEIDENTIFIER = <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>
MONEY = <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>
SMALLMONEY = <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>
ROWVERSION = <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>
IMAGE = <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>
VARIANT = <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>
OBJECT = <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>
INET = <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>
ALIAS = <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>
ALTER = <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>
ALWAYS = <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>
ALL = <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>
ANTI = <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>
ANY = <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>
APPLY = <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>
ARRAY = <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>
ASC = <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>
ASOF = <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>
AUTO_INCREMENT = <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>
BEGIN = <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>
BETWEEN = <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>
CACHE = <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>
CASE = <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>
CHARACTER_SET = <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>
COLLATE = <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>
COMMAND = <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>
COMMENT = <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>
COMMIT = <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>
CONSTRAINT = <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>
CREATE = <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>
CROSS = <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>
CUBE = <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>
CURRENT_DATE = <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>
CURRENT_DATETIME = <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>
CURRENT_TIME = <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>
CURRENT_USER = <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>
DEFAULT = <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>
DELETE = <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>
DESC = <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>
DESCRIBE = <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>
DISTINCT = <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>
DIV = <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>
DROP = <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>
ELSE = <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>
END = <TokenType.END: 'END'>
ESCAPE = <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>
EXCEPT = <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>
EXECUTE = <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>
EXISTS = <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>
FALSE = <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>
FETCH = <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>
FILTER = <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>
FINAL = <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>
FIRST = <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>
FOR = <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>
FOREIGN_KEY = <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>
FORMAT = <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>
FROM = <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>
FULL = <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>
FUNCTION = <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>
GLOB = <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>
GLOBAL = <TokenType.GLOBAL: 'GLOBAL'>
GROUP_BY = <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>
GROUPING_SETS = <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>
HAVING = <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>
HINT = <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>
IF = <TokenType.IF: 'IF'>
ILIKE = <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>
ILIKE_ANY = <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>
IN = <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>
INDEX = <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>
INNER = <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>
INSERT = <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>
INTERSECT = <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>
INTERVAL = <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>
INTO = <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>
INTRODUCER = <TokenType.INTRODUCER: 'INTRODUCER'>
IRLIKE = <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>
IS = <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>
ISNULL = <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>
JOIN = <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>
JOIN_MARKER = <TokenType.JOIN_MARKER: 'JOIN_MARKER'>
KEEP = <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>
LANGUAGE = <TokenType.LANGUAGE: 'LANGUAGE'>
LATERAL = <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>
LEFT = <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>
LIKE = <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>
LIKE_ANY = <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>
LIMIT = <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>
LOAD = <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>
LOCK = <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>
MAP = <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>
MATCH_RECOGNIZE = <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>
MERGE = <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>
MOD = <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>
NATURAL = <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>
NEXT = <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>
NEXT_VALUE_FOR = <TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR: 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR'>
NOTNULL = <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>
NULL = <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>
OFFSET = <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>
ON = <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>
ORDER_BY = <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>
ORDERED = <TokenType.ORDERED: 'ORDERED'>
ORDINALITY = <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>
OUTER = <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>
OVER = <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>
OVERLAPS = <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>
OVERWRITE = <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>
PARTITION = <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>
PARTITION_BY = <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>
PERCENT = <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>
PIVOT = <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>
PLACEHOLDER = <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>
PRAGMA = <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>
PRIMARY_KEY = <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>
PROCEDURE = <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>
PROPERTIES = <TokenType.PROPERTIES: 'PROPERTIES'>
PSEUDO_TYPE = <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>
QUALIFY = <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>
QUOTE = <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>
RANGE = <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>
RECURSIVE = <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>
REPLACE = <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>
RETURNING = <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>
REFERENCES = <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>
RIGHT = <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>
RLIKE = <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>
ROLLBACK = <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>
ROLLUP = <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>
ROW = <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>
ROWS = <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>
SELECT = <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>
SEMI = <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>
SEPARATOR = <TokenType.SEPARATOR: 'SEPARATOR'>
SERDE_PROPERTIES = <TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES: 'SERDE_PROPERTIES'>
SET = <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>
SETTINGS = <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>
SHOW = <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>
SIMILAR_TO = <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>
SOME = <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>
STRUCT = <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>
TABLE_SAMPLE = <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>
TEMPORARY = <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>
TOP = <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>
THEN = <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>
TRUE = <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>
UNCACHE = <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>
UNION = <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>
UNNEST = <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>
UNPIVOT = <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>
UPDATE = <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>
USE = <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>
USING = <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>
VALUES = <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>
VIEW = <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>
VOLATILE = <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>
WHEN = <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>
WHERE = <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>
WINDOW = <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>
WITH = <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>
UNIQUE = <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>

##### Inherited Members

enum.Enum
  name
  value

class Token: View Source

    295class Token:
    296    __slots__ = ("token_type", "text", "line", "col", "start", "end", "comments")
    297
    298    @classmethod
    299    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
    300        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
    301        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))
    302
    303    @classmethod
    304    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
    305        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
    306        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)
    307
    308    @classmethod
    309    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
    310        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
    311        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)
    312
    313    @classmethod
    314    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
    315        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
    316        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)
    317
    318    def __init__(
    319        self,
    320        token_type: TokenType,
    321        text: str,
    322        line: int = 1,
    323        col: int = 1,
    324        start: int = 0,
    325        end: int = 0,
    326        comments: t.List[str] = [],
    327    ) -> None:
    328        """Token initializer.
    329
    330        Args:
    331            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
    332            text: The text of the token.
    333            line: The line that the token ends on.
    334            col: The column that the token ends on.
    335            start: The start index of the token.
    336            end: The ending index of the token.
    337        """
    338        self.token_type = token_type
    339        self.text = text
    340        self.line = line
    341        self.col = col
    342        self.start = start
    343        self.end = end
    344        self.comments = comments
    345
    346    def __repr__(self) -> str:
    347        attributes = ", ".join(f"{k}: {getattr(self, k)}" for k in self.__slots__)
    348        return f"<Token {attributes}>"

Token( token_type: sqlglot.tokens.TokenType, text: str, line: int = 1, col: int = 1, start: int = 0, end: int = 0, comments: List[str] = []) View Source

    318    def __init__(
    319        self,
    320        token_type: TokenType,
    321        text: str,
    322        line: int = 1,
    323        col: int = 1,
    324        start: int = 0,
    325        end: int = 0,
    326        comments: t.List[str] = [],
    327    ) -> None:
    328        """Token initializer.
    329
    330        Args:
    331            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
    332            text: The text of the token.
    333            line: The line that the token ends on.
    334            col: The column that the token ends on.
    335            start: The start index of the token.
    336            end: The ending index of the token.
    337        """
    338        self.token_type = token_type
    339        self.text = text
    340        self.line = line
    341        self.col = col
    342        self.start = start
    343        self.end = end
    344        self.comments = comments

Token initializer.

###### Arguments:

- token_type: The TokenType Enum.
- text: The text of the token.
- line: The line that the token ends on.
- col: The column that the token ends on.
- start: The start index of the token.
- end: The ending index of the token.

@classmethod
def number(cls, number: int) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token: View Source

    298    @classmethod
    299    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
    300        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
    301        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))

Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text.

@classmethod
def string(cls, string: str) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token: View Source

    303    @classmethod
    304    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
    305        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
    306        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)

Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text.

@classmethod
def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token: View Source

    308    @classmethod
    309    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
    310        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
    311        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)

Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text.

@classmethod
def var(cls, var: str) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token: View Source

    313    @classmethod
    314    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
    315        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
    316        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)

Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text.

class Tokenizer: View Source

     401class Tokenizer(metaclass=_Tokenizer):
     402    SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     403        "(": TokenType.L_PAREN,
     404        ")": TokenType.R_PAREN,
     405        "[": TokenType.L_BRACKET,
     406        "]": TokenType.R_BRACKET,
     407        "{": TokenType.L_BRACE,
     408        "}": TokenType.R_BRACE,
     409        "&": TokenType.AMP,
     410        "^": TokenType.CARET,
     411        ":": TokenType.COLON,
     412        ",": TokenType.COMMA,
     413        ".": TokenType.DOT,
     414        "-": TokenType.DASH,
     415        "=": TokenType.EQ,
     416        ">": TokenType.GT,
     417        "<": TokenType.LT,
     418        "%": TokenType.MOD,
     419        "!": TokenType.NOT,
     420        "|": TokenType.PIPE,
     421        "+": TokenType.PLUS,
     422        ";": TokenType.SEMICOLON,
     423        "/": TokenType.SLASH,
     424        "\\": TokenType.BACKSLASH,
     425        "*": TokenType.STAR,
     426        "~": TokenType.TILDA,
     427        "?": TokenType.PLACEHOLDER,
     428        "@": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     429        # used for breaking a var like x'y' but nothing else
     430        # the token type doesn't matter
     431        "'": TokenType.QUOTE,
     432        "`": TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
     433        '"': TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
     434        "#": TokenType.HASH,
     435    }
     436
     437    BIT_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     438    BYTE_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     439    HEX_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     440    RAW_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
     441    IDENTIFIERS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = ['"']
     442    IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = ['"']
     443    QUOTES: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str] | str] = ["'"]
     444    STRING_ESCAPES = ["'"]
     445    VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS: t.Set[str] = set()
     446
     447    _COMMENTS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     448    _FORMAT_STRINGS: t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]] = {}
     449    _IDENTIFIERS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     450    _IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
     451    _QUOTES: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     452    _STRING_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
     453
     454    KEYWORDS: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
     455        **{f"{{%{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("", "+", "-")},
     456        **{f"{prefix}%}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("", "+", "-")},
     457        "{{+": TokenType.BLOCK_START,
     458        "{{-": TokenType.BLOCK_START,
     459        "+}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END,
     460        "-}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END,
     461        "/*+": TokenType.HINT,
     462        "==": TokenType.EQ,
     463        "::": TokenType.DCOLON,
     464        "||": TokenType.DPIPE,
     465        ">=": TokenType.GTE,
     466        "<=": TokenType.LTE,
     467        "<>": TokenType.NEQ,
     468        "!=": TokenType.NEQ,
     469        "<=>": TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ,
     470        "->": TokenType.ARROW,
     471        "->>": TokenType.DARROW,
     472        "=>": TokenType.FARROW,
     473        "#>": TokenType.HASH_ARROW,
     474        "#>>": TokenType.DHASH_ARROW,
     475        "<->": TokenType.LR_ARROW,
     476        "&&": TokenType.DAMP,
     477        "ALL": TokenType.ALL,
     478        "ALWAYS": TokenType.ALWAYS,
     479        "AND": TokenType.AND,
     480        "ANTI": TokenType.ANTI,
     481        "ANY": TokenType.ANY,
     482        "ASC": TokenType.ASC,
     483        "AS": TokenType.ALIAS,
     484        "AUTOINCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
     485        "AUTO_INCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
     486        "BEGIN": TokenType.BEGIN,
     487        "BETWEEN": TokenType.BETWEEN,
     488        "CACHE": TokenType.CACHE,
     489        "UNCACHE": TokenType.UNCACHE,
     490        "CASE": TokenType.CASE,
     491        "CHARACTER SET": TokenType.CHARACTER_SET,
     492        "COLLATE": TokenType.COLLATE,
     493        "COLUMN": TokenType.COLUMN,
     494        "COMMIT": TokenType.COMMIT,
     495        "CONSTRAINT": TokenType.CONSTRAINT,
     496        "CREATE": TokenType.CREATE,
     497        "CROSS": TokenType.CROSS,
     498        "CUBE": TokenType.CUBE,
     499        "CURRENT_DATE": TokenType.CURRENT_DATE,
     500        "CURRENT_TIME": TokenType.CURRENT_TIME,
     501        "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP": TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
     502        "CURRENT_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
     503        "DATABASE": TokenType.DATABASE,
     504        "DEFAULT": TokenType.DEFAULT,
     505        "DELETE": TokenType.DELETE,
     506        "DESC": TokenType.DESC,
     507        "DESCRIBE": TokenType.DESCRIBE,
     508        "DISTINCT": TokenType.DISTINCT,
     509        "DIV": TokenType.DIV,
     510        "DROP": TokenType.DROP,
     511        "ELSE": TokenType.ELSE,
     512        "END": TokenType.END,
     513        "ESCAPE": TokenType.ESCAPE,
     514        "EXCEPT": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     515        "EXECUTE": TokenType.EXECUTE,
     516        "EXISTS": TokenType.EXISTS,
     517        "FALSE": TokenType.FALSE,
     518        "FETCH": TokenType.FETCH,
     519        "FILTER": TokenType.FILTER,
     520        "FIRST": TokenType.FIRST,
     521        "FULL": TokenType.FULL,
     522        "FUNCTION": TokenType.FUNCTION,
     523        "FOR": TokenType.FOR,
     524        "FOREIGN KEY": TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY,
     525        "FORMAT": TokenType.FORMAT,
     526        "FROM": TokenType.FROM,
     527        "GEOGRAPHY": TokenType.GEOGRAPHY,
     528        "GEOMETRY": TokenType.GEOMETRY,
     529        "GLOB": TokenType.GLOB,
     530        "GROUP BY": TokenType.GROUP_BY,
     531        "GROUPING SETS": TokenType.GROUPING_SETS,
     532        "HAVING": TokenType.HAVING,
     533        "IF": TokenType.IF,
     534        "ILIKE": TokenType.ILIKE,
     535        "IN": TokenType.IN,
     536        "INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
     537        "INET": TokenType.INET,
     538        "INNER": TokenType.INNER,
     539        "INSERT": TokenType.INSERT,
     540        "INTERVAL": TokenType.INTERVAL,
     541        "INTERSECT": TokenType.INTERSECT,
     542        "INTO": TokenType.INTO,
     543        "IS": TokenType.IS,
     544        "ISNULL": TokenType.ISNULL,
     545        "JOIN": TokenType.JOIN,
     546        "KEEP": TokenType.KEEP,
     547        "LATERAL": TokenType.LATERAL,
     548        "LEFT": TokenType.LEFT,
     549        "LIKE": TokenType.LIKE,
     550        "LIMIT": TokenType.LIMIT,
     551        "LOAD": TokenType.LOAD,
     552        "LOCK": TokenType.LOCK,
     553        "MERGE": TokenType.MERGE,
     554        "NATURAL": TokenType.NATURAL,
     555        "NEXT": TokenType.NEXT,
     556        "NEXT VALUE FOR": TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR,
     557        "NOT": TokenType.NOT,
     558        "NOTNULL": TokenType.NOTNULL,
     559        "NULL": TokenType.NULL,
     560        "OBJECT": TokenType.OBJECT,
     561        "OFFSET": TokenType.OFFSET,
     562        "ON": TokenType.ON,
     563        "OR": TokenType.OR,
     564        "ORDER BY": TokenType.ORDER_BY,
     565        "ORDINALITY": TokenType.ORDINALITY,
     566        "OUTER": TokenType.OUTER,
     567        "OVER": TokenType.OVER,
     568        "OVERLAPS": TokenType.OVERLAPS,
     569        "OVERWRITE": TokenType.OVERWRITE,
     570        "PARTITION": TokenType.PARTITION,
     571        "PARTITION BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
     572        "PARTITIONED BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
     573        "PARTITIONED_BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
     574        "PERCENT": TokenType.PERCENT,
     575        "PIVOT": TokenType.PIVOT,
     576        "PRAGMA": TokenType.PRAGMA,
     577        "PRIMARY KEY": TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY,
     578        "PROCEDURE": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
     579        "QUALIFY": TokenType.QUALIFY,
     580        "RANGE": TokenType.RANGE,
     581        "RECURSIVE": TokenType.RECURSIVE,
     582        "REGEXP": TokenType.RLIKE,
     583        "REPLACE": TokenType.REPLACE,
     584        "REFERENCES": TokenType.REFERENCES,
     585        "RIGHT": TokenType.RIGHT,
     586        "RLIKE": TokenType.RLIKE,
     587        "ROLLBACK": TokenType.ROLLBACK,
     588        "ROLLUP": TokenType.ROLLUP,
     589        "ROW": TokenType.ROW,
     590        "ROWS": TokenType.ROWS,
     591        "SCHEMA": TokenType.SCHEMA,
     592        "SELECT": TokenType.SELECT,
     593        "SEMI": TokenType.SEMI,
     594        "SET": TokenType.SET,
     595        "SETTINGS": TokenType.SETTINGS,
     596        "SHOW": TokenType.SHOW,
     597        "SIMILAR TO": TokenType.SIMILAR_TO,
     598        "SOME": TokenType.SOME,
     599        "TABLE": TokenType.TABLE,
     600        "TABLESAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     601        "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
     602        "TEMPORARY": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
     603        "THEN": TokenType.THEN,
     604        "TRUE": TokenType.TRUE,
     605        "UNION": TokenType.UNION,
     606        "UNNEST": TokenType.UNNEST,
     607        "UNPIVOT": TokenType.UNPIVOT,
     608        "UPDATE": TokenType.UPDATE,
     609        "USE": TokenType.USE,
     610        "USING": TokenType.USING,
     611        "UUID": TokenType.UUID,
     612        "VALUES": TokenType.VALUES,
     613        "VIEW": TokenType.VIEW,
     614        "VOLATILE": TokenType.VOLATILE,
     615        "WHEN": TokenType.WHEN,
     616        "WHERE": TokenType.WHERE,
     617        "WINDOW": TokenType.WINDOW,
     618        "WITH": TokenType.WITH,
     619        "APPLY": TokenType.APPLY,
     620        "ARRAY": TokenType.ARRAY,
     621        "BIT": TokenType.BIT,
     622        "BOOL": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
     623        "BOOLEAN": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
     624        "BYTE": TokenType.TINYINT,
     625        "TINYINT": TokenType.TINYINT,
     626        "SHORT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
     627        "SMALLINT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
     628        "INT2": TokenType.SMALLINT,
     629        "INTEGER": TokenType.INT,
     630        "INT": TokenType.INT,
     631        "INT4": TokenType.INT,
     632        "LONG": TokenType.BIGINT,
     633        "BIGINT": TokenType.BIGINT,
     634        "INT8": TokenType.BIGINT,
     635        "DEC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     636        "DECIMAL": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     637        "BIGDECIMAL": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
     638        "BIGNUMERIC": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
     639        "MAP": TokenType.MAP,
     640        "NULLABLE": TokenType.NULLABLE,
     641        "NUMBER": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     642        "NUMERIC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     643        "FIXED": TokenType.DECIMAL,
     644        "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
     645        "FLOAT": TokenType.FLOAT,
     646        "FLOAT4": TokenType.FLOAT,
     647        "FLOAT8": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     648        "DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     649        "DOUBLE PRECISION": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     650        "JSON": TokenType.JSON,
     651        "CHAR": TokenType.CHAR,
     652        "CHARACTER": TokenType.CHAR,
     653        "NCHAR": TokenType.NCHAR,
     654        "VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     655        "VARCHAR2": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     656        "NVARCHAR": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
     657        "NVARCHAR2": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
     658        "STR": TokenType.TEXT,
     659        "STRING": TokenType.TEXT,
     660        "TEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
     661        "CLOB": TokenType.TEXT,
     662        "LONGVARCHAR": TokenType.TEXT,
     663        "BINARY": TokenType.BINARY,
     664        "BLOB": TokenType.VARBINARY,
     665        "BYTEA": TokenType.VARBINARY,
     666        "VARBINARY": TokenType.VARBINARY,
     667        "TIME": TokenType.TIME,
     668        "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
     669        "TIMESTAMPTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     670        "TIMESTAMPLTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ,
     671        "DATE": TokenType.DATE,
     672        "DATETIME": TokenType.DATETIME,
     673        "UNIQUE": TokenType.UNIQUE,
     674        "STRUCT": TokenType.STRUCT,
     675        "VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
     676        "ALTER": TokenType.ALTER,
     677        "ANALYZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     678        "CALL": TokenType.COMMAND,
     679        "COMMENT": TokenType.COMMENT,
     680        "COPY": TokenType.COMMAND,
     681        "EXPLAIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
     682        "GRANT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     683        "OPTIMIZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     684        "PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     685        "TRUNCATE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     686        "VACUUM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     687    }
     688
     689    WHITE_SPACE: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
     690        " ": TokenType.SPACE,
     691        "\t": TokenType.SPACE,
     692        "\n": TokenType.BREAK,
     693        "\r": TokenType.BREAK,
     694        "\r\n": TokenType.BREAK,
     695    }
     696
     697    COMMANDS = {
     698        TokenType.COMMAND,
     699        TokenType.EXECUTE,
     700        TokenType.FETCH,
     701        TokenType.SHOW,
     702    }
     703
     704    COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS = {TokenType.SEMICOLON, TokenType.BEGIN}
     705
     706    # handle numeric literals like in hive (3L = BIGINT)
     707    NUMERIC_LITERALS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
     708    ENCODE: t.Optional[str] = None
     709
     710    COMMENTS = ["--", ("/*", "*/"), ("{#", "#}")]
     711    KEYWORD_TRIE: t.Dict = {}  # autofilled
     712
     713    IDENTIFIER_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = False
     714
     715    __slots__ = (
     716        "sql",
     717        "size",
     718        "tokens",
     719        "_start",
     720        "_current",
     721        "_line",
     722        "_col",
     723        "_comments",
     724        "_char",
     725        "_end",
     726        "_peek",
     727        "_prev_token_line",
     728    )
     729
     730    def __init__(self) -> None:
     731        self.reset()
     732
     733    def reset(self) -> None:
     734        self.sql = ""
     735        self.size = 0
     736        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
     737        self._start = 0
     738        self._current = 0
     739        self._line = 1
     740        self._col = 0
     741        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
     742
     743        self._char = ""
     744        self._end = False
     745        self._peek = ""
     746        self._prev_token_line = -1
     747
     748    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
     749        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
     750        self.reset()
     751        self.sql = sql
     752        self.size = len(sql)
     753
     754        try:
     755            self._scan()
     756        except Exception as e:
     757            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
     758            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
     759            context = self.sql[start:end]
     760            raise ValueError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
     761
     762        return self.tokens
     763
     764    def _scan(self, until: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
     765        while self.size and not self._end:
     766            self._start = self._current
     767            self._advance()
     768
     769            if self._char is None:
     770                break
     771
     772            if self._char not in self.WHITE_SPACE:
     773                if self._char.isdigit():
     774                    self._scan_number()
     775                elif self._char in self._IDENTIFIERS:
     776                    self._scan_identifier(self._IDENTIFIERS[self._char])
     777                else:
     778                    self._scan_keywords()
     779
     780            if until and until():
     781                break
     782
     783        if self.tokens and self._comments:
     784            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
     785
     786    def _chars(self, size: int) -> str:
     787        if size == 1:
     788            return self._char
     789
     790        start = self._current - 1
     791        end = start + size
     792
     793        return self.sql[start:end] if end <= self.size else ""
     794
     795    def _advance(self, i: int = 1, alnum: bool = False) -> None:
     796        if self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._char) is TokenType.BREAK:
     797            self._col = 1
     798            self._line += 1
     799        else:
     800            self._col += i
     801
     802        self._current += i
     803        self._end = self._current >= self.size
     804        self._char = self.sql[self._current - 1]
     805        self._peek = "" if self._end else self.sql[self._current]
     806
     807        if alnum and self._char.isalnum():
     808            # Here we use local variables instead of attributes for better performance
     809            _col = self._col
     810            _current = self._current
     811            _end = self._end
     812            _peek = self._peek
     813
     814            while _peek.isalnum():
     815                _col += 1
     816                _current += 1
     817                _end = _current >= self.size
     818                _peek = "" if _end else self.sql[_current]
     819
     820            self._col = _col
     821            self._current = _current
     822            self._end = _end
     823            self._peek = _peek
     824            self._char = self.sql[_current - 1]
     825
     826    @property
     827    def _text(self) -> str:
     828        return self.sql[self._start : self._current]
     829
     830    def _add(self, token_type: TokenType, text: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
     831        self._prev_token_line = self._line
     832        self.tokens.append(
     833            Token(
     834                token_type,
     835                text=self._text if text is None else text,
     836                line=self._line,
     837                col=self._col,
     838                start=self._start,
     839                end=self._current - 1,
     840                comments=self._comments,
     841            )
     842        )
     843        self._comments = []
     844
     845        # If we have either a semicolon or a begin token before the command's token, we'll parse
     846        # whatever follows the command's token as a string
     847        if (
     848            token_type in self.COMMANDS
     849            and self._peek != ";"
     850            and (len(self.tokens) == 1 or self.tokens[-2].token_type in self.COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS)
     851        ):
     852            start = self._current
     853            tokens = len(self.tokens)
     854            self._scan(lambda: self._peek == ";")
     855            self.tokens = self.tokens[:tokens]
     856            text = self.sql[start : self._current].strip()
     857            if text:
     858                self._add(TokenType.STRING, text)
     859
     860    def _scan_keywords(self) -> None:
     861        size = 0
     862        word = None
     863        chars = self._text
     864        char = chars
     865        prev_space = False
     866        skip = False
     867        trie = self.KEYWORD_TRIE
     868        single_token = char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
     869
     870        while chars:
     871            if skip:
     872                result = 1
     873            else:
     874                result, trie = in_trie(trie, char.upper())
     875
     876            if result == 0:
     877                break
     878            if result == 2:
     879                word = chars
     880
     881            size += 1
     882            end = self._current - 1 + size
     883
     884            if end < self.size:
     885                char = self.sql[end]
     886                single_token = single_token or char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
     887                is_space = char in self.WHITE_SPACE
     888
     889                if not is_space or not prev_space:
     890                    if is_space:
     891                        char = " "
     892                    chars += char
     893                    prev_space = is_space
     894                    skip = False
     895                else:
     896                    skip = True
     897            else:
     898                char = ""
     899                chars = " "
     900
     901        word = None if not single_token and chars[-1] not in self.WHITE_SPACE else word
     902
     903        if not word:
     904            if self._char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
     905                self._add(self.SINGLE_TOKENS[self._char], text=self._char)
     906                return
     907            self._scan_var()
     908            return
     909
     910        if self._scan_string(word):
     911            return
     912        if self._scan_comment(word):
     913            return
     914
     915        self._advance(size - 1)
     916        word = word.upper()
     917        self._add(self.KEYWORDS[word], text=word)
     918
     919    def _scan_comment(self, comment_start: str) -> bool:
     920        if comment_start not in self._COMMENTS:
     921            return False
     922
     923        comment_start_line = self._line
     924        comment_start_size = len(comment_start)
     925        comment_end = self._COMMENTS[comment_start]
     926
     927        if comment_end:
     928            # Skip the comment's start delimiter
     929            self._advance(comment_start_size)
     930
     931            comment_end_size = len(comment_end)
     932            while not self._end and self._chars(comment_end_size) != comment_end:
     933                self._advance(alnum=True)
     934
     935            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size : -comment_end_size + 1])
     936            self._advance(comment_end_size - 1)
     937        else:
     938            while not self._end and not self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._peek) is TokenType.BREAK:
     939                self._advance(alnum=True)
     940            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size:])
     941
     942        # Leading comment is attached to the succeeding token, whilst trailing comment to the preceding.
     943        # Multiple consecutive comments are preserved by appending them to the current comments list.
     944        if comment_start_line == self._prev_token_line:
     945            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
     946            self._comments = []
     947            self._prev_token_line = self._line
     948
     949        return True
     950
     951    def _scan_number(self) -> None:
     952        if self._char == "0":
     953            peek = self._peek.upper()
     954            if peek == "B":
     955                return self._scan_bits() if self.BIT_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
     956            elif peek == "X":
     957                return self._scan_hex() if self.HEX_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
     958
     959        decimal = False
     960        scientific = 0
     961
     962        while True:
     963            if self._peek.isdigit():
     964                self._advance()
     965            elif self._peek == "." and not decimal:
     966                decimal = True
     967                self._advance()
     968            elif self._peek in ("-", "+") and scientific == 1:
     969                scientific += 1
     970                self._advance()
     971            elif self._peek.upper() == "E" and not scientific:
     972                scientific += 1
     973                self._advance()
     974            elif self._peek.isidentifier():
     975                number_text = self._text
     976                literal = ""
     977
     978                while self._peek.strip() and self._peek not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
     979                    literal += self._peek.upper()
     980                    self._advance()
     981
     982                token_type = self.KEYWORDS.get(self.NUMERIC_LITERALS.get(literal))
     983
     984                if token_type:
     985                    self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
     986                    self._add(TokenType.DCOLON, "::")
     987                    return self._add(token_type, literal)
     988                elif self.IDENTIFIER_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT:
     989                    return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
     990
     991                self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
     992                return self._advance(-len(literal))
     993            else:
     994                return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
     995
     996    def _scan_bits(self) -> None:
     997        self._advance()
     998        value = self._extract_value()
     999        try:
    1000            # If `value` can't be converted to a binary, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
    1001            int(value, 2)
    1002            self._add(TokenType.BIT_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0b
    1003        except ValueError:
    1004            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
    1005
    1006    def _scan_hex(self) -> None:
    1007        self._advance()
    1008        value = self._extract_value()
    1009        try:
    1010            # If `value` can't be converted to a hex, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
    1011            int(value, 16)
    1012            self._add(TokenType.HEX_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0x
    1013        except ValueError:
    1014            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
    1015
    1016    def _extract_value(self) -> str:
    1017        while True:
    1018            char = self._peek.strip()
    1019            if char and char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
    1020                self._advance(alnum=True)
    1021            else:
    1022                break
    1023
    1024        return self._text
    1025
    1026    def _scan_string(self, start: str) -> bool:
    1027        base = None
    1028        token_type = TokenType.STRING
    1029
    1030        if start in self._QUOTES:
    1031            end = self._QUOTES[start]
    1032        elif start in self._FORMAT_STRINGS:
    1033            end, token_type = self._FORMAT_STRINGS[start]
    1034
    1035            if token_type == TokenType.HEX_STRING:
    1036                base = 16
    1037            elif token_type == TokenType.BIT_STRING:
    1038                base = 2
    1039        else:
    1040            return False
    1041
    1042        self._advance(len(start))
    1043        text = self._extract_string(end)
    1044
    1045        if base:
    1046            try:
    1047                int(text, base)
    1048            except:
    1049                raise RuntimeError(
    1050                    f"Numeric string contains invalid characters from {self._line}:{self._start}"
    1051                )
    1052        else:
    1053            text = text.encode(self.ENCODE).decode(self.ENCODE) if self.ENCODE else text
    1054
    1055        self._add(token_type, text)
    1056        return True
    1057
    1058    def _scan_identifier(self, identifier_end: str) -> None:
    1059        self._advance()
    1060        text = self._extract_string(identifier_end, self._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
    1061        self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, text)
    1062
    1063    def _scan_var(self) -> None:
    1064        while True:
    1065            char = self._peek.strip()
    1066            if char and (char in self.VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS or char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS):
    1067                self._advance(alnum=True)
    1068            else:
    1069                break
    1070
    1071        self._add(
    1072            TokenType.VAR
    1073            if self.tokens and self.tokens[-1].token_type == TokenType.PARAMETER
    1074            else self.KEYWORDS.get(self._text.upper(), TokenType.VAR)
    1075        )
    1076
    1077    def _extract_string(self, delimiter: str, escapes=None) -> str:
    1078        text = ""
    1079        delim_size = len(delimiter)
    1080        escapes = self._STRING_ESCAPES if escapes is None else escapes
    1081
    1082        while True:
    1083            if self._char in escapes and (self._peek == delimiter or self._peek in escapes):
    1084                if self._peek == delimiter:
    1085                    text += self._peek
    1086                else:
    1087                    text += self._char + self._peek
    1088
    1089                if self._current + 1 < self.size:
    1090                    self._advance(2)
    1091                else:
    1092                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._current}")
    1093            else:
    1094                if self._chars(delim_size) == delimiter:
    1095                    if delim_size > 1:
    1096                        self._advance(delim_size - 1)
    1097                    break
    1098
    1099                if self._end:
    1100                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._start}")
    1101
    1102                current = self._current - 1
    1103                self._advance(alnum=True)
    1104                text += self.sql[current : self._current - 1]
    1105
    1106        return text

def reset(self) -> None: View Source

    733    def reset(self) -> None:
    734        self.sql = ""
    735        self.size = 0
    736        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
    737        self._start = 0
    738        self._current = 0
    739        self._line = 1
    740        self._col = 0
    741        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
    742
    743        self._char = ""
    744        self._end = False
    745        self._peek = ""
    746        self._prev_token_line = -1

def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> List[sqlglot.tokens.Token]: View Source

    748    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
    749        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
    750        self.reset()
    751        self.sql = sql
    752        self.size = len(sql)
    753
    754        try:
    755            self._scan()
    756        except Exception as e:
    757            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
    758            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
    759            context = self.sql[start:end]
    760            raise ValueError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
    761
    762        return self.tokens

Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`.