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# sqlglot.dialects.tsql

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import datetime
       4import re
       5import typing as t
       6from functools import partial, reduce
       7
       8from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
       9from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      10    Dialect,
      11    NormalizationStrategy,
      12    any_value_to_max_sql,
      13    date_delta_sql,
      14    datestrtodate_sql,
      15    generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
      16    max_or_greatest,
      17    min_or_least,
      18    build_date_delta,
      19    rename_func,
      20    strposition_sql,
      21    trim_sql,
      22    timestrtotime_sql,
      23)
      24from sqlglot.helper import seq_get
      25from sqlglot.parser import build_coalesce
      26from sqlglot.time import format_time
      27from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      28
      29if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      30    from sqlglot._typing import E
      31
      32FULL_FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {
      33    "weekday": "%A",
      34    "dw": "%A",
      35    "w": "%A",
      36    "month": "%B",
      37    "mm": "%B",
      38    "m": "%B",
      39}
      40
      41DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {
      42    "year": "year",
      43    "yyyy": "year",
      44    "yy": "year",
      45    "quarter": "quarter",
      46    "qq": "quarter",
      47    "q": "quarter",
      48    "month": "month",
      49    "mm": "month",
      50    "m": "month",
      51    "week": "week",
      52    "ww": "week",
      53    "wk": "week",
      54    "day": "day",
      55    "dd": "day",
      56    "d": "day",
      57}
      58
      59
      60DATE_FMT_RE = re.compile("([dD]{1,2})|([mM]{1,2})|([yY]{1,4})|([hH]{1,2})|([sS]{1,2})")
      61
      62# N = Numeric, C=Currency
      63TRANSPILE_SAFE_NUMBER_FMT = {"N", "C"}
      64
      65DEFAULT_START_DATE = datetime.date(1900, 1, 1)
      66
      67BIT_TYPES = {exp.EQ, exp.NEQ, exp.Is, exp.In, exp.Select, exp.Alias}
      68
      69# Unsupported options:
      70# - OPTIMIZE FOR ( @variable_name { UNKNOWN | = <literal_constant> } [ , ...n ] )
      71# - TABLE HINT
      72OPTIONS: parser.OPTIONS_TYPE = {
      73    **dict.fromkeys(
      74        (
      75            "DISABLE_OPTIMIZED_PLAN_FORCING",
      76            "FAST",
      77            "IGNORE_NONCLUSTERED_COLUMNSTORE_INDEX",
      78            "LABEL",
      79            "MAXDOP",
      80            "MAXRECURSION",
      81            "MAX_GRANT_PERCENT",
      82            "MIN_GRANT_PERCENT",
      83            "NO_PERFORMANCE_SPOOL",
      84            "QUERYTRACEON",
      85            "RECOMPILE",
      86        ),
      87        tuple(),
      88    ),
      89    "CONCAT": ("UNION",),
      90    "DISABLE": ("EXTERNALPUSHDOWN", "SCALEOUTEXECUTION"),
      91    "EXPAND": ("VIEWS",),
      92    "FORCE": ("EXTERNALPUSHDOWN", "ORDER", "SCALEOUTEXECUTION"),
      93    "HASH": ("GROUP", "JOIN", "UNION"),
      94    "KEEP": ("PLAN",),
      95    "KEEPFIXED": ("PLAN",),
      96    "LOOP": ("JOIN",),
      97    "MERGE": ("JOIN", "UNION"),
      98    "OPTIMIZE": (("FOR", "UNKNOWN"),),
      99    "ORDER": ("GROUP",),
     100    "PARAMETERIZATION": ("FORCED", "SIMPLE"),
     101    "ROBUST": ("PLAN",),
     102    "USE": ("PLAN",),
     103}
     104
     105OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL = ("MAX_GRANT_PERCENT", "MIN_GRANT_PERCENT", "LABEL")
     106
     107
     108def _build_formatted_time(
     109    exp_class: t.Type[E], full_format_mapping: t.Optional[bool] = None
     110) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     111    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     112        fmt = seq_get(args, 0)
     113        if isinstance(fmt, exp.Expression):
     114            fmt = exp.Literal.string(
     115                format_time(
     116                    fmt.name.lower(),
     117                    (
     118                        {**TSQL.TIME_MAPPING, **FULL_FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING}
     119                        if full_format_mapping
     120                        else TSQL.TIME_MAPPING
     121                    ),
     122                )
     123            )
     124
     125        this = seq_get(args, 1)
     126        if isinstance(this, exp.Expression):
     127            this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2)
     128
     129        return exp_class(this=this, format=fmt)
     130
     131    return _builder
     132
     133
     134def _build_format(args: t.List) -> exp.NumberToStr | exp.TimeToStr:
     135    this = seq_get(args, 0)
     136    fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
     137    culture = seq_get(args, 2)
     138
     139    number_fmt = fmt and (fmt.name in TRANSPILE_SAFE_NUMBER_FMT or not DATE_FMT_RE.search(fmt.name))
     140
     141    if number_fmt:
     142        return exp.NumberToStr(this=this, format=fmt, culture=culture)
     143
     144    if fmt:
     145        fmt = exp.Literal.string(
     146            format_time(fmt.name, TSQL.FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING)
     147            if len(fmt.name) == 1
     148            else format_time(fmt.name, TSQL.TIME_MAPPING)
     149        )
     150
     151    return exp.TimeToStr(this=this, format=fmt, culture=culture)
     152
     153
     154def _build_eomonth(args: t.List) -> exp.LastDay:
     155    date = exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))
     156    month_lag = seq_get(args, 1)
     157
     158    if month_lag is None:
     159        this: exp.Expression = date
     160    else:
     161        unit = DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL.get("month")
     162        this = exp.DateAdd(this=date, expression=month_lag, unit=unit and exp.var(unit))
     163
     164    return exp.LastDay(this=this)
     165
     166
     167def _build_hashbytes(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
     168    kind, data = args
     169    kind = kind.name.upper() if kind.is_string else ""
     170
     171    if kind == "MD5":
     172        args.pop(0)
     173        return exp.MD5(this=data)
     174    if kind in ("SHA", "SHA1"):
     175        args.pop(0)
     176        return exp.SHA(this=data)
     177    if kind == "SHA2_256":
     178        return exp.SHA2(this=data, length=exp.Literal.number(256))
     179    if kind == "SHA2_512":
     180        return exp.SHA2(this=data, length=exp.Literal.number(512))
     181
     182    return exp.func("HASHBYTES", *args)
     183
     184
     185DATEPART_ONLY_FORMATS = {"DW", "WK", "HOUR", "QUARTER"}
     186
     187
     188def _format_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.NumberToStr | exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
     189    fmt = expression.args["format"]
     190
     191    if not isinstance(expression, exp.NumberToStr):
     192        if fmt.is_string:
     193            mapped_fmt = format_time(fmt.name, TSQL.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING)
     194
     195            name = (mapped_fmt or "").upper()
     196            if name in DATEPART_ONLY_FORMATS:
     197                return self.func("DATEPART", name, expression.this)
     198
     199            fmt_sql = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(mapped_fmt))
     200        else:
     201            fmt_sql = self.format_time(expression) or self.sql(fmt)
     202    else:
     203        fmt_sql = self.sql(fmt)
     204
     205    return self.func("FORMAT", expression.this, fmt_sql, expression.args.get("culture"))
     206
     207
     208def _string_agg_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.GroupConcat) -> str:
     209    this = expression.this
     210    distinct = expression.find(exp.Distinct)
     211    if distinct:
     212        # exp.Distinct can appear below an exp.Order or an exp.GroupConcat expression
     213        self.unsupported("T-SQL STRING_AGG doesn't support DISTINCT.")
     214        this = distinct.pop().expressions[0]
     215
     216    order = ""
     217    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order):
     218        if expression.this.this:
     219            this = expression.this.this.pop()
     220        # Order has a leading space
     221        order = f" WITHIN GROUP ({self.sql(expression.this)[1:]})"
     222
     223    separator = expression.args.get("separator") or exp.Literal.string(",")
     224    return f"STRING_AGG({self.format_args(this, separator)}){order}"
     225
     226
     227def _build_date_delta(
     228    exp_class: t.Type[E], unit_mapping: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None
     229) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     230    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     231        unit = seq_get(args, 0)
     232        if unit and unit_mapping:
     233            unit = exp.var(unit_mapping.get(unit.name.lower(), unit.name))
     234
     235        start_date = seq_get(args, 1)
     236        if start_date and start_date.is_number:
     237            # Numeric types are valid DATETIME values
     238            if start_date.is_int:
     239                adds = DEFAULT_START_DATE + datetime.timedelta(days=start_date.to_py())
     240                start_date = exp.Literal.string(adds.strftime("%F"))
     241            else:
     242                # We currently don't handle float values, i.e. they're not converted to equivalent DATETIMEs.
     243                # This is not a problem when generating T-SQL code, it is when transpiling to other dialects.
     244                return exp_class(this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=start_date, unit=unit)
     245
     246        return exp_class(
     247            this=exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 2)),
     248            expression=exp.TimeStrToTime(this=start_date),
     249            unit=unit,
     250        )
     251
     252    return _builder
     253
     254
     255def qualify_derived_table_outputs(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     256    """Ensures all (unnamed) output columns are aliased for CTEs and Subqueries."""
     257    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
     258
     259    if (
     260        isinstance(expression, (exp.CTE, exp.Subquery))
     261        and isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
     262        and not alias.columns
     263    ):
     264        from sqlglot.optimizer.qualify_columns import qualify_outputs
     265
     266        # We keep track of the unaliased column projection indexes instead of the expressions
     267        # themselves, because the latter are going to be replaced by new nodes when the aliases
     268        # are added and hence we won't be able to reach these newly added Alias parents
     269        query = expression.this
     270        unaliased_column_indexes = (
     271            i for i, c in enumerate(query.selects) if isinstance(c, exp.Column) and not c.alias
     272        )
     273
     274        qualify_outputs(query)
     275
     276        # Preserve the quoting information of columns for newly added Alias nodes
     277        query_selects = query.selects
     278        for select_index in unaliased_column_indexes:
     279            alias = query_selects[select_index]
     280            column = alias.this
     281            if isinstance(column.this, exp.Identifier):
     282                alias.args["alias"].set("quoted", column.this.quoted)
     283
     284    return expression
     285
     286
     287# https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/datetimefromparts-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
     288def _build_datetimefromparts(args: t.List) -> exp.TimestampFromParts:
     289    return exp.TimestampFromParts(
     290        year=seq_get(args, 0),
     291        month=seq_get(args, 1),
     292        day=seq_get(args, 2),
     293        hour=seq_get(args, 3),
     294        min=seq_get(args, 4),
     295        sec=seq_get(args, 5),
     296        milli=seq_get(args, 6),
     297    )
     298
     299
     300# https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/timefromparts-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
     301def _build_timefromparts(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeFromParts:
     302    return exp.TimeFromParts(
     303        hour=seq_get(args, 0),
     304        min=seq_get(args, 1),
     305        sec=seq_get(args, 2),
     306        fractions=seq_get(args, 3),
     307        precision=seq_get(args, 4),
     308    )
     309
     310
     311def _build_with_arg_as_text(
     312    klass: t.Type[exp.Expression],
     313) -> t.Callable[[t.List[exp.Expression]], exp.Expression]:
     314    def _parse(args: t.List[exp.Expression]) -> exp.Expression:
     315        this = seq_get(args, 0)
     316
     317        if this and not this.is_string:
     318            this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
     319
     320        expression = seq_get(args, 1)
     321        kwargs = {"this": this}
     322
     323        if expression:
     324            kwargs["expression"] = expression
     325
     326        return klass(**kwargs)
     327
     328    return _parse
     329
     330
     331# https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/parsename-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16
     332def _build_parsename(args: t.List) -> exp.SplitPart | exp.Anonymous:
     333    # PARSENAME(...) will be stored into exp.SplitPart if:
     334    # - All args are literals
     335    # - The part index (2nd arg) is <= 4 (max valid value, otherwise TSQL returns NULL)
     336    if len(args) == 2 and all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in args):
     337        this = args[0]
     338        part_index = args[1]
     339        split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
     340        if split_count <= 4:
     341            return exp.SplitPart(
     342                this=this,
     343                delimiter=exp.Literal.string("."),
     344                part_index=exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py()),
     345            )
     346
     347    return exp.Anonymous(this="PARSENAME", expressions=args)
     348
     349
     350def _build_json_query(args: t.List, dialect: Dialect) -> exp.JSONExtract:
     351    if len(args) == 1:
     352        # The default value for path is '$'. As a result, if you don't provide a
     353        # value for path, JSON_QUERY returns the input expression.
     354        args.append(exp.Literal.string("$"))
     355
     356    return parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtract)(args, dialect)
     357
     358
     359def _json_extract_sql(
     360    self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.JSONExtract | exp.JSONExtractScalar
     361) -> str:
     362    json_query = self.func("JSON_QUERY", expression.this, expression.expression)
     363    json_value = self.func("JSON_VALUE", expression.this, expression.expression)
     364    return self.func("ISNULL", json_query, json_value)
     365
     366
     367def _timestrtotime_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.TimeStrToTime):
     368    sql = timestrtotime_sql(self, expression)
     369    if expression.args.get("zone"):
     370        # If there is a timezone, produce an expression like:
     371        # CAST('2020-01-01 12:13:14-08:00' AS DATETIMEOFFSET) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'
     372        # If you dont have AT TIME ZONE 'UTC', wrapping that expression in another cast back to DATETIME2 just drops the timezone information
     373        return self.sql(exp.AtTimeZone(this=sql, zone=exp.Literal.string("UTC")))
     374    return sql
     375
     376
     377def _build_datetrunc(args: t.List) -> exp.TimestampTrunc:
     378    unit = seq_get(args, 0)
     379    this = seq_get(args, 1)
     380
     381    if this and this.is_string:
     382        this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2)
     383
     384    return exp.TimestampTrunc(this=this, unit=unit)
     385
     386
     387class TSQL(Dialect):
     388    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     389    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
     390    TYPED_DIVISION = True
     391    CONCAT_COALESCE = True
     392    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
     393
     394    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss'"
     395
     396    TIME_MAPPING = {
     397        "year": "%Y",
     398        "dayofyear": "%j",
     399        "day": "%d",
     400        "dy": "%d",
     401        "y": "%Y",
     402        "week": "%W",
     403        "ww": "%W",
     404        "wk": "%W",
     405        "hour": "%h",
     406        "hh": "%I",
     407        "minute": "%M",
     408        "mi": "%M",
     409        "n": "%M",
     410        "second": "%S",
     411        "ss": "%S",
     412        "s": "%-S",
     413        "millisecond": "%f",
     414        "ms": "%f",
     415        "weekday": "%w",
     416        "dw": "%w",
     417        "month": "%m",
     418        "mm": "%M",
     419        "m": "%-M",
     420        "Y": "%Y",
     421        "YYYY": "%Y",
     422        "YY": "%y",
     423        "MMMM": "%B",
     424        "MMM": "%b",
     425        "MM": "%m",
     426        "M": "%-m",
     427        "dddd": "%A",
     428        "dd": "%d",
     429        "d": "%-d",
     430        "HH": "%H",
     431        "H": "%-H",
     432        "h": "%-I",
     433        "ffffff": "%f",
     434        "yyyy": "%Y",
     435        "yy": "%y",
     436    }
     437
     438    CONVERT_FORMAT_MAPPING = {
     439        "0": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
     440        "1": "%m/%d/%y",
     441        "2": "%y.%m.%d",
     442        "3": "%d/%m/%y",
     443        "4": "%d.%m.%y",
     444        "5": "%d-%m-%y",
     445        "6": "%d %b %y",
     446        "7": "%b %d, %y",
     447        "8": "%H:%M:%S",
     448        "9": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
     449        "10": "mm-dd-yy",
     450        "11": "yy/mm/dd",
     451        "12": "yymmdd",
     452        "13": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:ss:%f",
     453        "14": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
     454        "20": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
     455        "21": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
     456        "22": "%m/%d/%y %-I:%M:%S %p",
     457        "23": "%Y-%m-%d",
     458        "24": "%H:%M:%S",
     459        "25": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
     460        "100": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
     461        "101": "%m/%d/%Y",
     462        "102": "%Y.%m.%d",
     463        "103": "%d/%m/%Y",
     464        "104": "%d.%m.%Y",
     465        "105": "%d-%m-%Y",
     466        "106": "%d %b %Y",
     467        "107": "%b %d, %Y",
     468        "108": "%H:%M:%S",
     469        "109": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
     470        "110": "%m-%d-%Y",
     471        "111": "%Y/%m/%d",
     472        "112": "%Y%m%d",
     473        "113": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S:%f",
     474        "114": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
     475        "120": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
     476        "121": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
     477    }
     478
     479    FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {
     480        "y": "%B %Y",
     481        "d": "%m/%d/%Y",
     482        "H": "%-H",
     483        "h": "%-I",
     484        "s": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
     485        "D": "%A,%B,%Y",
     486        "f": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M %p",
     487        "F": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
     488        "g": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M %p",
     489        "G": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
     490        "M": "%B %-d",
     491        "m": "%B %-d",
     492        "O": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S",
     493        "u": "%Y-%M-%D %H:%M:%S%z",
     494        "U": "%A, %B %D, %Y %H:%M:%S%z",
     495        "T": "%-I:%M:%S %p",
     496        "t": "%-I:%M",
     497        "Y": "%a %Y",
     498    }
     499
     500    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     501        IDENTIFIERS = [("[", "]"), '"']
     502        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
     503        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
     504        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"@", "$", "#"}
     505
     506        KEYWORDS = {
     507            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     508            "CLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
     509            "DATETIME2": TokenType.DATETIME2,
     510            "DATETIMEOFFSET": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     511            "DECLARE": TokenType.DECLARE,
     512            "EXEC": TokenType.COMMAND,
     513            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
     514            "GO": TokenType.COMMAND,
     515            "IMAGE": TokenType.IMAGE,
     516            "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY,
     517            "NONCLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
     518            "NTEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
     519            "OPTION": TokenType.OPTION,
     520            "OUTPUT": TokenType.RETURNING,
     521            "PRINT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     522            "PROC": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
     523            "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
     524            "ROWVERSION": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
     525            "SMALLDATETIME": TokenType.SMALLDATETIME,
     526            "SMALLMONEY": TokenType.SMALLMONEY,
     527            "SQL_VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
     528            "SYSTEM_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
     529            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     530            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
     531            "TINYINT": TokenType.UTINYINT,
     532            "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER": TokenType.UUID,
     533            "UPDATE STATISTICS": TokenType.COMMAND,
     534            "XML": TokenType.XML,
     535        }
     536        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     537
     538        COMMANDS = {*tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS, TokenType.END}
     539
     540    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     541        SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
     542        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
     543        ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
     544        STRING_ALIASES = True
     545        NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
     546
     547        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
     548            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
     549            TokenType.OPTION: lambda self: ("options", self._parse_options()),
     550        }
     551
     552        # T-SQL does not allow BEGIN to be used as an identifier
     553        ID_VAR_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     554        ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     555        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     556        COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     557        UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     558
     559        FUNCTIONS = {
     560            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     561            "CHARINDEX": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
     562                this=seq_get(args, 1),
     563                substr=seq_get(args, 0),
     564                position=seq_get(args, 2),
     565            ),
     566            "COUNT": lambda args: exp.Count(
     567                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=False
     568            ),
     569            "COUNT_BIG": lambda args: exp.Count(
     570                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=True
     571            ),
     572            "DATEADD": build_date_delta(exp.DateAdd, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
     573            "DATEDIFF": _build_date_delta(exp.DateDiff, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
     574            "DATENAME": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, full_format_mapping=True),
     575            "DATEPART": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr),
     576            "DATETIMEFROMPARTS": _build_datetimefromparts,
     577            "EOMONTH": _build_eomonth,
     578            "FORMAT": _build_format,
     579            "GETDATE": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
     580            "HASHBYTES": _build_hashbytes,
     581            "ISNULL": build_coalesce,
     582            "JSON_QUERY": _build_json_query,
     583            "JSON_VALUE": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
     584            "LEN": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Length),
     585            "LEFT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Left),
     586            "NEWID": exp.Uuid.from_arg_list,
     587            "RIGHT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Right),
     588            "PARSENAME": _build_parsename,
     589            "REPLICATE": exp.Repeat.from_arg_list,
     590            "SCHEMA_NAME": exp.CurrentSchema.from_arg_list,
     591            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     592            "SYSDATETIME": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
     593            "SUSER_NAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
     594            "SUSER_SNAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
     595            "SYSTEM_USER": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
     596            "TIMEFROMPARTS": _build_timefromparts,
     597            "DATETRUNC": _build_datetrunc,
     598        }
     599
     600        JOIN_HINTS = {"LOOP", "HASH", "MERGE", "REMOTE"}
     601
     602        PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = dict.fromkeys(
     603            ("ENCRYPTION", "RECOMPILE", "SCHEMABINDING", "NATIVE_COMPILATION", "EXECUTE"), tuple()
     604        )
     605
     606        COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {"OUT", "OUTPUT", "READ_ONLY"}
     607
     608        RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {
     609            TokenType.TABLE,
     610            *parser.Parser.TYPE_TOKENS,
     611        }
     612
     613        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     614            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     615            TokenType.DECLARE: lambda self: self._parse_declare(),
     616        }
     617
     618        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     619            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     620            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this: self.expression(
     621                exp.ScopeResolution,
     622                this=this,
     623                expression=self._parse_function() or self._parse_var(any_token=True),
     624            ),
     625        }
     626
     627        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     628            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     629            "NEXT": lambda self: self._parse_next_value_for(),
     630        }
     631
     632        # The DCOLON (::) operator serves as a scope resolution (exp.ScopeResolution) operator in T-SQL
     633        COLUMN_OPERATORS = {
     634            **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS,
     635            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this, to: self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=to)
     636            if isinstance(to, exp.DataType) and to.this != exp.DataType.Type.USERDEFINED
     637            else self.expression(exp.ScopeResolution, this=this, expression=to),
     638        }
     639
     640        def _parse_wrapped_select(self, table: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     641            if self._match(TokenType.MERGE):
     642                comments = self._prev_comments
     643                merge = self._parse_merge()
     644                merge.add_comments(comments, prepend=True)
     645                return merge
     646
     647            return super()._parse_wrapped_select(table=table)
     648
     649        def _parse_dcolon(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     650            # We want to use _parse_types() if the first token after :: is a known type,
     651            # otherwise we could parse something like x::varchar(max) into a function
     652            if self._match_set(self.TYPE_TOKENS, advance=False):
     653                return self._parse_types()
     654
     655            return self._parse_function() or self._parse_types()
     656
     657        def _parse_options(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
     658            if not self._match(TokenType.OPTION):
     659                return None
     660
     661            def _parse_option() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     662                option = self._parse_var_from_options(OPTIONS)
     663                if not option:
     664                    return None
     665
     666                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     667                return self.expression(
     668                    exp.QueryOption, this=option, expression=self._parse_primary_or_var()
     669                )
     670
     671            return self._parse_wrapped_csv(_parse_option)
     672
     673        def _parse_projections(self) -> t.List[exp.Expression]:
     674            """
     675            T-SQL supports the syntax alias = expression in the SELECT's projection list,
     676            so we transform all parsed Selects to convert their EQ projections into Aliases.
     677
     678            See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/select-clause-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
     679            """
     680            return [
     681                (
     682                    exp.alias_(projection.expression, projection.this.this, copy=False)
     683                    if isinstance(projection, exp.EQ) and isinstance(projection.this, exp.Column)
     684                    else projection
     685                )
     686                for projection in super()._parse_projections()
     687            ]
     688
     689        def _parse_commit_or_rollback(self) -> exp.Commit | exp.Rollback:
     690            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
     691            COMMIT [ { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
     692                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable ] ]
     693                [ WITH ( DELAYED_DURABILITY = { OFF | ON } ) ]
     694
     695            ROLLBACK { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
     696                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable
     697                | savepoint_name | @savepoint_variable ]
     698            """
     699            rollback = self._prev.token_type == TokenType.ROLLBACK
     700
     701            self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION"))
     702            this = self._parse_id_var()
     703
     704            if rollback:
     705                return self.expression(exp.Rollback, this=this)
     706
     707            durability = None
     708            if self._match_pair(TokenType.WITH, TokenType.L_PAREN):
     709                self._match_text_seq("DELAYED_DURABILITY")
     710                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     711
     712                if self._match_text_seq("OFF"):
     713                    durability = False
     714                else:
     715                    self._match(TokenType.ON)
     716                    durability = True
     717
     718                self._match_r_paren()
     719
     720            return self.expression(exp.Commit, this=this, durability=durability)
     721
     722        def _parse_transaction(self) -> exp.Transaction | exp.Command:
     723            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
     724            BEGIN { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
     725            [ { transaction_name | @tran_name_variable }
     726            [ WITH MARK [ 'description' ] ]
     727            ]
     728            """
     729            if self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION")):
     730                transaction = self.expression(exp.Transaction, this=self._parse_id_var())
     731                if self._match_text_seq("WITH", "MARK"):
     732                    transaction.set("mark", self._parse_string())
     733
     734                return transaction
     735
     736            return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     737
     738        def _parse_returns(self) -> exp.ReturnsProperty:
     739            table = self._parse_id_var(any_token=False, tokens=self.RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS)
     740            returns = super()._parse_returns()
     741            returns.set("table", table)
     742            return returns
     743
     744        def _parse_convert(
     745            self, strict: bool, safe: t.Optional[bool] = None
     746        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     747            this = self._parse_types()
     748            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     749            args = [this, *self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)]
     750            convert = exp.Convert.from_arg_list(args)
     751            convert.set("safe", safe)
     752            convert.set("strict", strict)
     753            return convert
     754
     755        def _parse_column_def(
     756            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], computed_column: bool = True
     757        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     758            this = super()._parse_column_def(this=this, computed_column=computed_column)
     759            if not this:
     760                return None
     761            if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
     762                this.set("default", self._parse_disjunction())
     763            if self._match_texts(self.COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES):
     764                this.set("output", self._prev.text)
     765            return this
     766
     767        def _parse_user_defined_function(
     768            self, kind: t.Optional[TokenType] = None
     769        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     770            this = super()._parse_user_defined_function(kind=kind)
     771
     772            if (
     773                kind == TokenType.FUNCTION
     774                or isinstance(this, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
     775                or self._match(TokenType.ALIAS, advance=False)
     776            ):
     777                return this
     778
     779            if not self._match(TokenType.WITH, advance=False):
     780                expressions = self._parse_csv(self._parse_function_parameter)
     781            else:
     782                expressions = None
     783
     784            return self.expression(exp.UserDefinedFunction, this=this, expressions=expressions)
     785
     786        def _parse_into(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Into]:
     787            into = super()._parse_into()
     788
     789            table = isinstance(into, exp.Into) and into.find(exp.Table)
     790            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
     791                table_identifier = table.this
     792                if table_identifier.args.get("temporary"):
     793                    # Promote the temporary property from the Identifier to the Into expression
     794                    t.cast(exp.Into, into).set("temporary", True)
     795
     796            return into
     797
     798        def _parse_id_var(
     799            self,
     800            any_token: bool = True,
     801            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     802        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     803            is_temporary = self._match(TokenType.HASH)
     804            is_global = is_temporary and self._match(TokenType.HASH)
     805
     806            this = super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     807            if this:
     808                if is_global:
     809                    this.set("global", True)
     810                elif is_temporary:
     811                    this.set("temporary", True)
     812
     813            return this
     814
     815        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     816            create = super()._parse_create()
     817
     818            if isinstance(create, exp.Create):
     819                table = create.this.this if isinstance(create.this, exp.Schema) else create.this
     820                if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and table.this and table.this.args.get("temporary"):
     821                    if not create.args.get("properties"):
     822                        create.set("properties", exp.Properties(expressions=[]))
     823
     824                    create.args["properties"].append("expressions", exp.TemporaryProperty())
     825
     826            return create
     827
     828        def _parse_if(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     829            index = self._index
     830
     831            if self._match_text_seq("OBJECT_ID"):
     832                self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_string)
     833                if self._match_text_seq("IS", "NOT", "NULL") and self._match(TokenType.DROP):
     834                    return self._parse_drop(exists=True)
     835                self._retreat(index)
     836
     837            return super()._parse_if()
     838
     839        def _parse_unique(self) -> exp.UniqueColumnConstraint:
     840            if self._match_texts(("CLUSTERED", "NONCLUSTERED")):
     841                this = self.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS[self._prev.text.upper()](self)
     842            else:
     843                this = self._parse_schema(self._parse_id_var(any_token=False))
     844
     845            return self.expression(exp.UniqueColumnConstraint, this=this)
     846
     847        def _parse_partition(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Partition]:
     848            if not self._match_text_seq("WITH", "(", "PARTITIONS"):
     849                return None
     850
     851            def parse_range():
     852                low = self._parse_bitwise()
     853                high = self._parse_bitwise() if self._match_text_seq("TO") else None
     854
     855                return (
     856                    self.expression(exp.PartitionRange, this=low, expression=high) if high else low
     857                )
     858
     859            partition = self.expression(
     860                exp.Partition, expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(parse_range)
     861            )
     862
     863            self._match_r_paren()
     864
     865            return partition
     866
     867        def _parse_declare(self) -> exp.Declare | exp.Command:
     868            index = self._index
     869            expressions = self._try_parse(partial(self._parse_csv, self._parse_declareitem))
     870
     871            if not expressions or self._curr:
     872                self._retreat(index)
     873                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     874
     875            return self.expression(exp.Declare, expressions=expressions)
     876
     877        def _parse_declareitem(self) -> t.Optional[exp.DeclareItem]:
     878            var = self._parse_id_var()
     879            if not var:
     880                return None
     881
     882            value = None
     883            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
     884            if self._match(TokenType.TABLE):
     885                data_type = self._parse_schema()
     886            else:
     887                data_type = self._parse_types()
     888                if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
     889                    value = self._parse_bitwise()
     890
     891            return self.expression(exp.DeclareItem, this=var, kind=data_type, default=value)
     892
     893    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     894        LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
     895        QUERY_HINTS = False
     896        RETURNING_END = False
     897        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
     898        ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
     899        LIMIT_FETCH = "FETCH"
     900        COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
     901        CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
     902        ENSURE_BOOLS = True
     903        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
     904        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
     905        TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = "REPEATABLE"
     906        SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
     907        JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
     908        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
     909        SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
     910        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     911        PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
     912        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     913
     914        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
     915            exp.Create,
     916            exp.Delete,
     917            exp.Insert,
     918            exp.Intersect,
     919            exp.Except,
     920            exp.Merge,
     921            exp.Select,
     922            exp.Subquery,
     923            exp.Union,
     924            exp.Update,
     925        }
     926
     927        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     928            exp.JSONPathKey,
     929            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     930            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     931        }
     932
     933        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     934            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     935            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BIT",
     936            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2: "DATETIME2",
     937            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
     938            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT",
     939            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
     940            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "ROWVERSION",
     941            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR(MAX)",
     942            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME2",
     943            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME2",
     944            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "DATETIMEOFFSET",
     945            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLDATETIME: "SMALLDATETIME",
     946            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "TINYINT",
     947            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "SQL_VARIANT",
     948            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER",
     949        }
     950
     951        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR)
     952        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
     953
     954        TRANSFORMS = {
     955            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     956            exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql,
     957            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
     958            exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "IDENTITY",
     959            exp.Chr: rename_func("CHAR"),
     960            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     961            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     962            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
     963            exp.CurrentDate: rename_func("GETDATE"),
     964            exp.CurrentTimestamp: rename_func("GETDATE"),
     965            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     966            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATEPART"),
     967            exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint: generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
     968            exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql,
     969            exp.If: rename_func("IIF"),
     970            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
     971            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
     972            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("EOMONTH", e.this),
     973            exp.Ln: rename_func("LOG"),
     974            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     975            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("MD5"), e.this),
     976            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     977            exp.NumberToStr: _format_sql,
     978            exp.Repeat: rename_func("REPLICATE"),
     979            exp.CurrentSchema: rename_func("SCHEMA_NAME"),
     980            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     981                [
     982                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     983                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     984                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
     985                    transforms.unnest_generate_date_array_using_recursive_cte,
     986                ]
     987            ),
     988            exp.Stddev: rename_func("STDEV"),
     989            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
     990                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
     991            ),
     992            exp.Subquery: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
     993            exp.SHA: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("SHA1"), e.this),
     994            exp.SHA2: lambda self, e: self.func(
     995                "HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string(f"SHA2_{e.args.get('length', 256)}"), e.this
     996            ),
     997            exp.TemporaryProperty: lambda self, e: "",
     998            exp.TimeStrToTime: _timestrtotime_sql,
     999            exp.TimeToStr: _format_sql,
    1000            exp.Trim: trim_sql,
    1001            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1002            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1003            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATETRUNC", e.unit, e.this),
    1004            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "NEWID()",
    1005            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATEFROMPARTS"),
    1006        }
    1007
    1008        TRANSFORMS.pop(exp.ReturnsProperty)
    1009
    1010        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1011            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1012            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1013        }
    1014
    1015        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
    1016            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
    1017
    1018        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1019            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1020            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1021
    1022            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
    1023                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
    1024                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
    1025                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
    1026                expression.set("offset", offset)
    1027
    1028            if offset:
    1029                if not expression.args.get("order"):
    1030                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
    1031                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
    1032                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
    1033                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
    1034
    1035                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
    1036                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
    1037                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
    1038                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
    1039
    1040            return super().select_sql(expression)
    1041
    1042        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
    1043            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
    1044            return self.func(
    1045                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
    1046            )
    1047
    1048        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
    1049            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1050            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1051            if value:
    1052                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
    1053                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
    1054            return option
    1055
    1056        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
    1057            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
    1058            if cross_apply is True:
    1059                return "CROSS APPLY"
    1060            if cross_apply is False:
    1061                return "OUTER APPLY"
    1062
    1063            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
    1064            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
    1065            return "LATERAL"
    1066
    1067        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
    1068            this = expression.this
    1069            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
    1070            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
    1071            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
    1072
    1073            if (
    1074                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
    1075                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
    1076                or not part_index
    1077                or split_count > 4
    1078            ):
    1079                self.unsupported(
    1080                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
    1081                )
    1082                return ""
    1083
    1084            return self.func(
    1085                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
    1086            )
    1087
    1088        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
    1089            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1090            if nano is not None:
    1091                nano.pop()
    1092                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1093
    1094            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
    1095                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1096            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
    1097                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1098
    1099            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
    1100
    1101        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1102            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
    1103            if zone is not None:
    1104                zone.pop()
    1105                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1106
    1107            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1108            if nano is not None:
    1109                nano.pop()
    1110                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1111
    1112            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
    1113                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1114
    1115            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
    1116
    1117        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
    1118            this = expression.this
    1119            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
    1120                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
    1121                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
    1122
    1123            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
    1124
    1125        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
    1126            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
    1127                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
    1128            ):
    1129                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
    1130
    1131            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
    1132
    1133        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
    1134            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
    1135                return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1136            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
    1137
    1138        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1139            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1140            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
    1141
    1142            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
    1143                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
    1144                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
    1145            ):
    1146                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
    1147
    1148            return sql
    1149
    1150        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    1151            kind = expression.kind
    1152            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
    1153
    1154            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
    1155            if like_property:
    1156                ctas_expression = like_property.this
    1157            else:
    1158                ctas_expression = expression.expression
    1159
    1160            if kind == "VIEW":
    1161                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1162                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
    1163                if ctas_expression and with_:
    1164                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
    1165                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
    1166                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
    1167                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
    1168
    1169            sql = super().create_sql(expression)
    1170
    1171            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1172
    1173            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
    1174            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
    1175                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
    1176                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
    1177
    1178                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
    1179                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
    1180
    1181                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
    1182                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
    1183
    1184                if like_property:
    1185                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
    1186
    1187                sql = self.sql(select_into)
    1188
    1189            if exists:
    1190                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
    1191                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1192                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
    1193                if kind == "SCHEMA":
    1194                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1195                elif kind == "TABLE":
    1196                    assert table
    1197                    where = exp.and_(
    1198                        exp.column("table_name").eq(table.name),
    1199                        exp.column("table_schema").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
    1200                        exp.column("table_catalog").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
    1201                    )
    1202                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1203                elif kind == "INDEX":
    1204                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
    1205                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1206            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
    1207                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
    1208
    1209            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1210
    1211        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
    1212        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
    1213            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1214                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
    1215                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1216                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
    1217                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
    1218
    1219            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1220
    1221        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
    1222            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
    1223            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
    1224
    1225        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
    1226            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
    1227
    1228        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1229            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
    1230            this = f"FOR {name}"
    1231            expr = expression.expression
    1232            kind = expression.text("kind")
    1233            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
    1234                args = expr.expressions
    1235                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
    1236                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
    1237            else:
    1238                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
    1239
    1240            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
    1241            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
    1242
    1243        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
    1244            table = expression.args.get("table")
    1245            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
    1246            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1247
    1248        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
    1249            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
    1250            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
    1251            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
    1252
    1253        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    1254            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1255            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1256            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
    1257            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
    1258            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
    1259
    1260        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
    1261            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1262            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1263            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
    1264            durability = (
    1265                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
    1266                if durability is not None
    1267                else ""
    1268            )
    1269            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
    1270
    1271        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
    1272            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1273            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1274            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
    1275
    1276        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
    1277            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
    1278
    1279            if expression.args.get("global"):
    1280                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
    1281            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1282                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
    1283
    1284            return identifier
    1285
    1286        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    1287            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1288            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
    1289            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
    1290
    1291        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
    1292            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
    1293
    1294        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
    1295            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
    1296
    1297        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
    1298            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
    1299
    1300        def _uncast_text(self, expression: exp.Expression, name: str) -> str:
    1301            this = expression.this
    1302            if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT):
    1303                this_sql = self.sql(this, "this")
    1304            else:
    1305                this_sql = self.sql(this)
    1306            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1307            return self.func(name, this_sql, expression_sql if expression_sql else None)
    1308
    1309        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
    1310            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
    1311
    1312        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
    1313            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
    1314            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
    1315                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
    1316            return super().alter_sql(expression)
    1317
    1318        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
    1319            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
    1320                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1321            return super().drop_sql(expression)
    1322
    1323        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
    1324            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
    1325            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
    1326
    1327        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
    1328            return self.sql(
    1329                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
    1330            )
    1331
    1332        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
    1333            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
    1334
    1335        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
    1336            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
    1337            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
    1338            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
    1339            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
    1340            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
    1341            return f"{this}{default}{output}"

FULL_FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {'weekday': '%A', 'dw': '%A', 'w': '%A', 'month': '%B', 'mm': '%B', 'm': '%B'}
DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {'year': 'year', 'yyyy': 'year', 'yy': 'year', 'quarter': 'quarter', 'qq': 'quarter', 'q': 'quarter', 'month': 'month', 'mm': 'month', 'm': 'month', 'week': 'week', 'ww': 'week', 'wk': 'week', 'day': 'day', 'dd': 'day', 'd': 'day'}
DATE_FMT_RE = re.compile('([dD]{1,2})|([mM]{1,2})|([yY]{1,4})|([hH]{1,2})|([sS]{1,2})')
TRANSPILE_SAFE_NUMBER_FMT = {'N', 'C'}
DEFAULT_START_DATE = datetime.date(1900, 1, 1)
BIT_TYPES = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Alias'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NEQ'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Is'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EQ'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.In'>}
OPTIONS: Dict[str, Sequence[Union[Sequence[str], str]]] = {'DISABLE_OPTIMIZED_PLAN_FORCING': (), 'FAST': (), 'IGNORE_NONCLUSTERED_COLUMNSTORE_INDEX': (), 'LABEL': (), 'MAXDOP': (), 'MAXRECURSION': (), 'MAX_GRANT_PERCENT': (), 'MIN_GRANT_PERCENT': (), 'NO_PERFORMANCE_SPOOL': (), 'QUERYTRACEON': (), 'RECOMPILE': (), 'CONCAT': ('UNION',), 'DISABLE': ('EXTERNALPUSHDOWN', 'SCALEOUTEXECUTION'), 'EXPAND': ('VIEWS',), 'FORCE': ('EXTERNALPUSHDOWN', 'ORDER', 'SCALEOUTEXECUTION'), 'HASH': ('GROUP', 'JOIN', 'UNION'), 'KEEP': ('PLAN',), 'KEEPFIXED': ('PLAN',), 'LOOP': ('JOIN',), 'MERGE': ('JOIN', 'UNION'), 'OPTIMIZE': (('FOR', 'UNKNOWN'),), 'ORDER': ('GROUP',), 'PARAMETERIZATION': ('FORCED', 'SIMPLE'), 'ROBUST': ('PLAN',), 'USE': ('PLAN',)}
OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL = ('MAX_GRANT_PERCENT', 'MIN_GRANT_PERCENT', 'LABEL')
DATEPART_ONLY_FORMATS = {'QUARTER', 'WK', 'DW', 'HOUR'}
def qualify_derived_table_outputs( expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> sqlglot.expressions.Expression: View Source

    256def qualify_derived_table_outputs(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
    257    """Ensures all (unnamed) output columns are aliased for CTEs and Subqueries."""
    258    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    259
    260    if (
    261        isinstance(expression, (exp.CTE, exp.Subquery))
    262        and isinstance(alias, exp.TableAlias)
    263        and not alias.columns
    264    ):
    265        from sqlglot.optimizer.qualify_columns import qualify_outputs
    266
    267        # We keep track of the unaliased column projection indexes instead of the expressions
    268        # themselves, because the latter are going to be replaced by new nodes when the aliases
    269        # are added and hence we won't be able to reach these newly added Alias parents
    270        query = expression.this
    271        unaliased_column_indexes = (
    272            i for i, c in enumerate(query.selects) if isinstance(c, exp.Column) and not c.alias
    273        )
    274
    275        qualify_outputs(query)
    276
    277        # Preserve the quoting information of columns for newly added Alias nodes
    278        query_selects = query.selects
    279        for select_index in unaliased_column_indexes:
    280            alias = query_selects[select_index]
    281            column = alias.this
    282            if isinstance(column.this, exp.Identifier):
    283                alias.args["alias"].set("quoted", column.this.quoted)
    284
    285    return expression

Ensures all (unnamed) output columns are aliased for CTEs and Subqueries.

class TSQL(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     388class TSQL(Dialect):
     389    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     390    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
     391    TYPED_DIVISION = True
     392    CONCAT_COALESCE = True
     393    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
     394
     395    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss'"
     396
     397    TIME_MAPPING = {
     398        "year": "%Y",
     399        "dayofyear": "%j",
     400        "day": "%d",
     401        "dy": "%d",
     402        "y": "%Y",
     403        "week": "%W",
     404        "ww": "%W",
     405        "wk": "%W",
     406        "hour": "%h",
     407        "hh": "%I",
     408        "minute": "%M",
     409        "mi": "%M",
     410        "n": "%M",
     411        "second": "%S",
     412        "ss": "%S",
     413        "s": "%-S",
     414        "millisecond": "%f",
     415        "ms": "%f",
     416        "weekday": "%w",
     417        "dw": "%w",
     418        "month": "%m",
     419        "mm": "%M",
     420        "m": "%-M",
     421        "Y": "%Y",
     422        "YYYY": "%Y",
     423        "YY": "%y",
     424        "MMMM": "%B",
     425        "MMM": "%b",
     426        "MM": "%m",
     427        "M": "%-m",
     428        "dddd": "%A",
     429        "dd": "%d",
     430        "d": "%-d",
     431        "HH": "%H",
     432        "H": "%-H",
     433        "h": "%-I",
     434        "ffffff": "%f",
     435        "yyyy": "%Y",
     436        "yy": "%y",
     437    }
     438
     439    CONVERT_FORMAT_MAPPING = {
     440        "0": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
     441        "1": "%m/%d/%y",
     442        "2": "%y.%m.%d",
     443        "3": "%d/%m/%y",
     444        "4": "%d.%m.%y",
     445        "5": "%d-%m-%y",
     446        "6": "%d %b %y",
     447        "7": "%b %d, %y",
     448        "8": "%H:%M:%S",
     449        "9": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
     450        "10": "mm-dd-yy",
     451        "11": "yy/mm/dd",
     452        "12": "yymmdd",
     453        "13": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:ss:%f",
     454        "14": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
     455        "20": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
     456        "21": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
     457        "22": "%m/%d/%y %-I:%M:%S %p",
     458        "23": "%Y-%m-%d",
     459        "24": "%H:%M:%S",
     460        "25": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
     461        "100": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p",
     462        "101": "%m/%d/%Y",
     463        "102": "%Y.%m.%d",
     464        "103": "%d/%m/%Y",
     465        "104": "%d.%m.%Y",
     466        "105": "%d-%m-%Y",
     467        "106": "%d %b %Y",
     468        "107": "%b %d, %Y",
     469        "108": "%H:%M:%S",
     470        "109": "%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p",
     471        "110": "%m-%d-%Y",
     472        "111": "%Y/%m/%d",
     473        "112": "%Y%m%d",
     474        "113": "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S:%f",
     475        "114": "%H:%M:%S:%f",
     476        "120": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
     477        "121": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f",
     478    }
     479
     480    FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {
     481        "y": "%B %Y",
     482        "d": "%m/%d/%Y",
     483        "H": "%-H",
     484        "h": "%-I",
     485        "s": "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
     486        "D": "%A,%B,%Y",
     487        "f": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M %p",
     488        "F": "%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
     489        "g": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M %p",
     490        "G": "%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M:%S %p",
     491        "M": "%B %-d",
     492        "m": "%B %-d",
     493        "O": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S",
     494        "u": "%Y-%M-%D %H:%M:%S%z",
     495        "U": "%A, %B %D, %Y %H:%M:%S%z",
     496        "T": "%-I:%M:%S %p",
     497        "t": "%-I:%M",
     498        "Y": "%a %Y",
     499    }
     500
     501    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     502        IDENTIFIERS = [("[", "]"), '"']
     503        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
     504        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
     505        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"@", "$", "#"}
     506
     507        KEYWORDS = {
     508            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     509            "CLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
     510            "DATETIME2": TokenType.DATETIME2,
     511            "DATETIMEOFFSET": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     512            "DECLARE": TokenType.DECLARE,
     513            "EXEC": TokenType.COMMAND,
     514            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
     515            "GO": TokenType.COMMAND,
     516            "IMAGE": TokenType.IMAGE,
     517            "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY,
     518            "NONCLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
     519            "NTEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
     520            "OPTION": TokenType.OPTION,
     521            "OUTPUT": TokenType.RETURNING,
     522            "PRINT": TokenType.COMMAND,
     523            "PROC": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
     524            "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
     525            "ROWVERSION": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
     526            "SMALLDATETIME": TokenType.SMALLDATETIME,
     527            "SMALLMONEY": TokenType.SMALLMONEY,
     528            "SQL_VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
     529            "SYSTEM_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
     530            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     531            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
     532            "TINYINT": TokenType.UTINYINT,
     533            "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER": TokenType.UUID,
     534            "UPDATE STATISTICS": TokenType.COMMAND,
     535            "XML": TokenType.XML,
     536        }
     537        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     538
     539        COMMANDS = {*tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS, TokenType.END}
     540
     541    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     542        SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
     543        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
     544        ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
     545        STRING_ALIASES = True
     546        NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
     547
     548        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
     549            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
     550            TokenType.OPTION: lambda self: ("options", self._parse_options()),
     551        }
     552
     553        # T-SQL does not allow BEGIN to be used as an identifier
     554        ID_VAR_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     555        ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     556        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     557        COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     558        UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
     559
     560        FUNCTIONS = {
     561            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     562            "CHARINDEX": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
     563                this=seq_get(args, 1),
     564                substr=seq_get(args, 0),
     565                position=seq_get(args, 2),
     566            ),
     567            "COUNT": lambda args: exp.Count(
     568                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=False
     569            ),
     570            "COUNT_BIG": lambda args: exp.Count(
     571                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=True
     572            ),
     573            "DATEADD": build_date_delta(exp.DateAdd, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
     574            "DATEDIFF": _build_date_delta(exp.DateDiff, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
     575            "DATENAME": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, full_format_mapping=True),
     576            "DATEPART": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr),
     577            "DATETIMEFROMPARTS": _build_datetimefromparts,
     578            "EOMONTH": _build_eomonth,
     579            "FORMAT": _build_format,
     580            "GETDATE": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
     581            "HASHBYTES": _build_hashbytes,
     582            "ISNULL": build_coalesce,
     583            "JSON_QUERY": _build_json_query,
     584            "JSON_VALUE": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
     585            "LEN": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Length),
     586            "LEFT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Left),
     587            "NEWID": exp.Uuid.from_arg_list,
     588            "RIGHT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Right),
     589            "PARSENAME": _build_parsename,
     590            "REPLICATE": exp.Repeat.from_arg_list,
     591            "SCHEMA_NAME": exp.CurrentSchema.from_arg_list,
     592            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     593            "SYSDATETIME": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
     594            "SUSER_NAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
     595            "SUSER_SNAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
     596            "SYSTEM_USER": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
     597            "TIMEFROMPARTS": _build_timefromparts,
     598            "DATETRUNC": _build_datetrunc,
     599        }
     600
     601        JOIN_HINTS = {"LOOP", "HASH", "MERGE", "REMOTE"}
     602
     603        PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = dict.fromkeys(
     604            ("ENCRYPTION", "RECOMPILE", "SCHEMABINDING", "NATIVE_COMPILATION", "EXECUTE"), tuple()
     605        )
     606
     607        COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {"OUT", "OUTPUT", "READ_ONLY"}
     608
     609        RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {
     610            TokenType.TABLE,
     611            *parser.Parser.TYPE_TOKENS,
     612        }
     613
     614        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     615            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     616            TokenType.DECLARE: lambda self: self._parse_declare(),
     617        }
     618
     619        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     620            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     621            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this: self.expression(
     622                exp.ScopeResolution,
     623                this=this,
     624                expression=self._parse_function() or self._parse_var(any_token=True),
     625            ),
     626        }
     627
     628        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     629            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     630            "NEXT": lambda self: self._parse_next_value_for(),
     631        }
     632
     633        # The DCOLON (::) operator serves as a scope resolution (exp.ScopeResolution) operator in T-SQL
     634        COLUMN_OPERATORS = {
     635            **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS,
     636            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this, to: self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=to)
     637            if isinstance(to, exp.DataType) and to.this != exp.DataType.Type.USERDEFINED
     638            else self.expression(exp.ScopeResolution, this=this, expression=to),
     639        }
     640
     641        def _parse_wrapped_select(self, table: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     642            if self._match(TokenType.MERGE):
     643                comments = self._prev_comments
     644                merge = self._parse_merge()
     645                merge.add_comments(comments, prepend=True)
     646                return merge
     647
     648            return super()._parse_wrapped_select(table=table)
     649
     650        def _parse_dcolon(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     651            # We want to use _parse_types() if the first token after :: is a known type,
     652            # otherwise we could parse something like x::varchar(max) into a function
     653            if self._match_set(self.TYPE_TOKENS, advance=False):
     654                return self._parse_types()
     655
     656            return self._parse_function() or self._parse_types()
     657
     658        def _parse_options(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
     659            if not self._match(TokenType.OPTION):
     660                return None
     661
     662            def _parse_option() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     663                option = self._parse_var_from_options(OPTIONS)
     664                if not option:
     665                    return None
     666
     667                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     668                return self.expression(
     669                    exp.QueryOption, this=option, expression=self._parse_primary_or_var()
     670                )
     671
     672            return self._parse_wrapped_csv(_parse_option)
     673
     674        def _parse_projections(self) -> t.List[exp.Expression]:
     675            """
     676            T-SQL supports the syntax alias = expression in the SELECT's projection list,
     677            so we transform all parsed Selects to convert their EQ projections into Aliases.
     678
     679            See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/select-clause-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
     680            """
     681            return [
     682                (
     683                    exp.alias_(projection.expression, projection.this.this, copy=False)
     684                    if isinstance(projection, exp.EQ) and isinstance(projection.this, exp.Column)
     685                    else projection
     686                )
     687                for projection in super()._parse_projections()
     688            ]
     689
     690        def _parse_commit_or_rollback(self) -> exp.Commit | exp.Rollback:
     691            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
     692            COMMIT [ { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
     693                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable ] ]
     694                [ WITH ( DELAYED_DURABILITY = { OFF | ON } ) ]
     695
     696            ROLLBACK { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
     697                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable
     698                | savepoint_name | @savepoint_variable ]
     699            """
     700            rollback = self._prev.token_type == TokenType.ROLLBACK
     701
     702            self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION"))
     703            this = self._parse_id_var()
     704
     705            if rollback:
     706                return self.expression(exp.Rollback, this=this)
     707
     708            durability = None
     709            if self._match_pair(TokenType.WITH, TokenType.L_PAREN):
     710                self._match_text_seq("DELAYED_DURABILITY")
     711                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     712
     713                if self._match_text_seq("OFF"):
     714                    durability = False
     715                else:
     716                    self._match(TokenType.ON)
     717                    durability = True
     718
     719                self._match_r_paren()
     720
     721            return self.expression(exp.Commit, this=this, durability=durability)
     722
     723        def _parse_transaction(self) -> exp.Transaction | exp.Command:
     724            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
     725            BEGIN { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
     726            [ { transaction_name | @tran_name_variable }
     727            [ WITH MARK [ 'description' ] ]
     728            ]
     729            """
     730            if self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION")):
     731                transaction = self.expression(exp.Transaction, this=self._parse_id_var())
     732                if self._match_text_seq("WITH", "MARK"):
     733                    transaction.set("mark", self._parse_string())
     734
     735                return transaction
     736
     737            return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     738
     739        def _parse_returns(self) -> exp.ReturnsProperty:
     740            table = self._parse_id_var(any_token=False, tokens=self.RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS)
     741            returns = super()._parse_returns()
     742            returns.set("table", table)
     743            return returns
     744
     745        def _parse_convert(
     746            self, strict: bool, safe: t.Optional[bool] = None
     747        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     748            this = self._parse_types()
     749            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     750            args = [this, *self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)]
     751            convert = exp.Convert.from_arg_list(args)
     752            convert.set("safe", safe)
     753            convert.set("strict", strict)
     754            return convert
     755
     756        def _parse_column_def(
     757            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], computed_column: bool = True
     758        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     759            this = super()._parse_column_def(this=this, computed_column=computed_column)
     760            if not this:
     761                return None
     762            if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
     763                this.set("default", self._parse_disjunction())
     764            if self._match_texts(self.COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES):
     765                this.set("output", self._prev.text)
     766            return this
     767
     768        def _parse_user_defined_function(
     769            self, kind: t.Optional[TokenType] = None
     770        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     771            this = super()._parse_user_defined_function(kind=kind)
     772
     773            if (
     774                kind == TokenType.FUNCTION
     775                or isinstance(this, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
     776                or self._match(TokenType.ALIAS, advance=False)
     777            ):
     778                return this
     779
     780            if not self._match(TokenType.WITH, advance=False):
     781                expressions = self._parse_csv(self._parse_function_parameter)
     782            else:
     783                expressions = None
     784
     785            return self.expression(exp.UserDefinedFunction, this=this, expressions=expressions)
     786
     787        def _parse_into(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Into]:
     788            into = super()._parse_into()
     789
     790            table = isinstance(into, exp.Into) and into.find(exp.Table)
     791            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
     792                table_identifier = table.this
     793                if table_identifier.args.get("temporary"):
     794                    # Promote the temporary property from the Identifier to the Into expression
     795                    t.cast(exp.Into, into).set("temporary", True)
     796
     797            return into
     798
     799        def _parse_id_var(
     800            self,
     801            any_token: bool = True,
     802            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     803        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     804            is_temporary = self._match(TokenType.HASH)
     805            is_global = is_temporary and self._match(TokenType.HASH)
     806
     807            this = super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     808            if this:
     809                if is_global:
     810                    this.set("global", True)
     811                elif is_temporary:
     812                    this.set("temporary", True)
     813
     814            return this
     815
     816        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     817            create = super()._parse_create()
     818
     819            if isinstance(create, exp.Create):
     820                table = create.this.this if isinstance(create.this, exp.Schema) else create.this
     821                if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and table.this and table.this.args.get("temporary"):
     822                    if not create.args.get("properties"):
     823                        create.set("properties", exp.Properties(expressions=[]))
     824
     825                    create.args["properties"].append("expressions", exp.TemporaryProperty())
     826
     827            return create
     828
     829        def _parse_if(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     830            index = self._index
     831
     832            if self._match_text_seq("OBJECT_ID"):
     833                self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_string)
     834                if self._match_text_seq("IS", "NOT", "NULL") and self._match(TokenType.DROP):
     835                    return self._parse_drop(exists=True)
     836                self._retreat(index)
     837
     838            return super()._parse_if()
     839
     840        def _parse_unique(self) -> exp.UniqueColumnConstraint:
     841            if self._match_texts(("CLUSTERED", "NONCLUSTERED")):
     842                this = self.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS[self._prev.text.upper()](self)
     843            else:
     844                this = self._parse_schema(self._parse_id_var(any_token=False))
     845
     846            return self.expression(exp.UniqueColumnConstraint, this=this)
     847
     848        def _parse_partition(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Partition]:
     849            if not self._match_text_seq("WITH", "(", "PARTITIONS"):
     850                return None
     851
     852            def parse_range():
     853                low = self._parse_bitwise()
     854                high = self._parse_bitwise() if self._match_text_seq("TO") else None
     855
     856                return (
     857                    self.expression(exp.PartitionRange, this=low, expression=high) if high else low
     858                )
     859
     860            partition = self.expression(
     861                exp.Partition, expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(parse_range)
     862            )
     863
     864            self._match_r_paren()
     865
     866            return partition
     867
     868        def _parse_declare(self) -> exp.Declare | exp.Command:
     869            index = self._index
     870            expressions = self._try_parse(partial(self._parse_csv, self._parse_declareitem))
     871
     872            if not expressions or self._curr:
     873                self._retreat(index)
     874                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     875
     876            return self.expression(exp.Declare, expressions=expressions)
     877
     878        def _parse_declareitem(self) -> t.Optional[exp.DeclareItem]:
     879            var = self._parse_id_var()
     880            if not var:
     881                return None
     882
     883            value = None
     884            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
     885            if self._match(TokenType.TABLE):
     886                data_type = self._parse_schema()
     887            else:
     888                data_type = self._parse_types()
     889                if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
     890                    value = self._parse_bitwise()
     891
     892            return self.expression(exp.DeclareItem, this=var, kind=data_type, default=value)
     893
     894    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     895        LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
     896        QUERY_HINTS = False
     897        RETURNING_END = False
     898        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
     899        ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
     900        LIMIT_FETCH = "FETCH"
     901        COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
     902        CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
     903        ENSURE_BOOLS = True
     904        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
     905        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
     906        TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = "REPEATABLE"
     907        SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
     908        JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
     909        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
     910        SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
     911        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     912        PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
     913        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     914
     915        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
     916            exp.Create,
     917            exp.Delete,
     918            exp.Insert,
     919            exp.Intersect,
     920            exp.Except,
     921            exp.Merge,
     922            exp.Select,
     923            exp.Subquery,
     924            exp.Union,
     925            exp.Update,
     926        }
     927
     928        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     929            exp.JSONPathKey,
     930            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     931            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     932        }
     933
     934        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     935            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     936            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BIT",
     937            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2: "DATETIME2",
     938            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
     939            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT",
     940            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
     941            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "ROWVERSION",
     942            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR(MAX)",
     943            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME2",
     944            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME2",
     945            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "DATETIMEOFFSET",
     946            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLDATETIME: "SMALLDATETIME",
     947            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "TINYINT",
     948            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "SQL_VARIANT",
     949            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER",
     950        }
     951
     952        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR)
     953        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
     954
     955        TRANSFORMS = {
     956            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     957            exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql,
     958            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
     959            exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "IDENTITY",
     960            exp.Chr: rename_func("CHAR"),
     961            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     962            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     963            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
     964            exp.CurrentDate: rename_func("GETDATE"),
     965            exp.CurrentTimestamp: rename_func("GETDATE"),
     966            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     967            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATEPART"),
     968            exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint: generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
     969            exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql,
     970            exp.If: rename_func("IIF"),
     971            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
     972            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
     973            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("EOMONTH", e.this),
     974            exp.Ln: rename_func("LOG"),
     975            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     976            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("MD5"), e.this),
     977            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     978            exp.NumberToStr: _format_sql,
     979            exp.Repeat: rename_func("REPLICATE"),
     980            exp.CurrentSchema: rename_func("SCHEMA_NAME"),
     981            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     982                [
     983                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     984                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     985                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
     986                    transforms.unnest_generate_date_array_using_recursive_cte,
     987                ]
     988            ),
     989            exp.Stddev: rename_func("STDEV"),
     990            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
     991                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
     992            ),
     993            exp.Subquery: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
     994            exp.SHA: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("SHA1"), e.this),
     995            exp.SHA2: lambda self, e: self.func(
     996                "HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string(f"SHA2_{e.args.get('length', 256)}"), e.this
     997            ),
     998            exp.TemporaryProperty: lambda self, e: "",
     999            exp.TimeStrToTime: _timestrtotime_sql,
    1000            exp.TimeToStr: _format_sql,
    1001            exp.Trim: trim_sql,
    1002            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1003            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1004            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATETRUNC", e.unit, e.this),
    1005            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "NEWID()",
    1006            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATEFROMPARTS"),
    1007        }
    1008
    1009        TRANSFORMS.pop(exp.ReturnsProperty)
    1010
    1011        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1012            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1013            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1014        }
    1015
    1016        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
    1017            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
    1018
    1019        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1020            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1021            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1022
    1023            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
    1024                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
    1025                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
    1026                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
    1027                expression.set("offset", offset)
    1028
    1029            if offset:
    1030                if not expression.args.get("order"):
    1031                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
    1032                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
    1033                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
    1034                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
    1035
    1036                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
    1037                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
    1038                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
    1039                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
    1040
    1041            return super().select_sql(expression)
    1042
    1043        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
    1044            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
    1045            return self.func(
    1046                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
    1047            )
    1048
    1049        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
    1050            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1051            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1052            if value:
    1053                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
    1054                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
    1055            return option
    1056
    1057        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
    1058            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
    1059            if cross_apply is True:
    1060                return "CROSS APPLY"
    1061            if cross_apply is False:
    1062                return "OUTER APPLY"
    1063
    1064            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
    1065            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
    1066            return "LATERAL"
    1067
    1068        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
    1069            this = expression.this
    1070            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
    1071            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
    1072            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
    1073
    1074            if (
    1075                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
    1076                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
    1077                or not part_index
    1078                or split_count > 4
    1079            ):
    1080                self.unsupported(
    1081                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
    1082                )
    1083                return ""
    1084
    1085            return self.func(
    1086                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
    1087            )
    1088
    1089        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
    1090            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1091            if nano is not None:
    1092                nano.pop()
    1093                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1094
    1095            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
    1096                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1097            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
    1098                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1099
    1100            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
    1101
    1102        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1103            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
    1104            if zone is not None:
    1105                zone.pop()
    1106                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1107
    1108            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1109            if nano is not None:
    1110                nano.pop()
    1111                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1112
    1113            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
    1114                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1115
    1116            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
    1117
    1118        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
    1119            this = expression.this
    1120            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
    1121                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
    1122                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
    1123
    1124            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
    1125
    1126        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
    1127            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
    1128                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
    1129            ):
    1130                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
    1131
    1132            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
    1133
    1134        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
    1135            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
    1136                return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1137            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
    1138
    1139        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1140            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1141            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
    1142
    1143            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
    1144                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
    1145                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
    1146            ):
    1147                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
    1148
    1149            return sql
    1150
    1151        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    1152            kind = expression.kind
    1153            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
    1154
    1155            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
    1156            if like_property:
    1157                ctas_expression = like_property.this
    1158            else:
    1159                ctas_expression = expression.expression
    1160
    1161            if kind == "VIEW":
    1162                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1163                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
    1164                if ctas_expression and with_:
    1165                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
    1166                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
    1167                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
    1168                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
    1169
    1170            sql = super().create_sql(expression)
    1171
    1172            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1173
    1174            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
    1175            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
    1176                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
    1177                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
    1178
    1179                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
    1180                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
    1181
    1182                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
    1183                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
    1184
    1185                if like_property:
    1186                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
    1187
    1188                sql = self.sql(select_into)
    1189
    1190            if exists:
    1191                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
    1192                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1193                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
    1194                if kind == "SCHEMA":
    1195                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1196                elif kind == "TABLE":
    1197                    assert table
    1198                    where = exp.and_(
    1199                        exp.column("table_name").eq(table.name),
    1200                        exp.column("table_schema").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
    1201                        exp.column("table_catalog").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
    1202                    )
    1203                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1204                elif kind == "INDEX":
    1205                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
    1206                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1207            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
    1208                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
    1209
    1210            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1211
    1212        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
    1213        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
    1214            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1215                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
    1216                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1217                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
    1218                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
    1219
    1220            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1221
    1222        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
    1223            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
    1224            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
    1225
    1226        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
    1227            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
    1228
    1229        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1230            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
    1231            this = f"FOR {name}"
    1232            expr = expression.expression
    1233            kind = expression.text("kind")
    1234            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
    1235                args = expr.expressions
    1236                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
    1237                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
    1238            else:
    1239                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
    1240
    1241            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
    1242            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
    1243
    1244        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
    1245            table = expression.args.get("table")
    1246            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
    1247            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1248
    1249        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
    1250            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
    1251            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
    1252            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
    1253
    1254        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    1255            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1256            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1257            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
    1258            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
    1259            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
    1260
    1261        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
    1262            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1263            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1264            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
    1265            durability = (
    1266                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
    1267                if durability is not None
    1268                else ""
    1269            )
    1270            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
    1271
    1272        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
    1273            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1274            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1275            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
    1276
    1277        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
    1278            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
    1279
    1280            if expression.args.get("global"):
    1281                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
    1282            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1283                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
    1284
    1285            return identifier
    1286
    1287        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    1288            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1289            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
    1290            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
    1291
    1292        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
    1293            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
    1294
    1295        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
    1296            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
    1297
    1298        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
    1299            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
    1300
    1301        def _uncast_text(self, expression: exp.Expression, name: str) -> str:
    1302            this = expression.this
    1303            if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT):
    1304                this_sql = self.sql(this, "this")
    1305            else:
    1306                this_sql = self.sql(this)
    1307            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1308            return self.func(name, this_sql, expression_sql if expression_sql else None)
    1309
    1310        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
    1311            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
    1312
    1313        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
    1314            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
    1315            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
    1316                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
    1317            return super().alter_sql(expression)
    1318
    1319        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
    1320            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
    1321                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1322            return super().drop_sql(expression)
    1323
    1324        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
    1325            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
    1326            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
    1327
    1328        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
    1329            return self.sql(
    1330                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
    1331            )
    1332
    1333        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
    1334            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
    1335
    1336        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
    1337            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
    1338            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
    1339            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
    1340            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
    1341            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
    1342            return f"{this}{default}{output}"

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = False

Whether the base comes first in the `LOG` function. Possible values: `True`, `False`, `None` (two arguments are not supported by `LOG`)

TYPED_DIVISION = True

Whether the behavior of `a / b` depends on the types of `a` and `b`. False means `a / b` is always float division. True means `a / b` is integer division if both `a` and `b` are integers.

CONCAT_COALESCE = True

A `NULL` arg in `CONCAT` yields `NULL` by default, but in some dialects it yields an empty string.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss'"
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'year': '%Y', 'dayofyear': '%j', 'day': '%d', 'dy': '%d', 'y': '%Y', 'week': '%W', 'ww': '%W', 'wk': '%W', 'hour': '%h', 'hh': '%I', 'minute': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'n': '%M', 'second': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 's': '%-S', 'millisecond': '%f', 'ms': '%f', 'weekday': '%w', 'dw': '%w', 'month': '%m', 'mm': '%M', 'm': '%-M', 'Y': '%Y', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'MMM': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'M': '%-m', 'dddd': '%A', 'dd': '%d', 'd': '%-d', 'HH': '%H', 'H': '%-H', 'h': '%-I', 'ffffff': '%f', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'yy': '%y'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

CONVERT_FORMAT_MAPPING = {'0': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p', '1': '%m/%d/%y', '2': '%y.%m.%d', '3': '%d/%m/%y', '4': '%d.%m.%y', '5': '%d-%m-%y', '6': '%d %b %y', '7': '%b %d, %y', '8': '%H:%M:%S', '9': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p', '10': 'mm-dd-yy', '11': 'yy/mm/dd', '12': 'yymmdd', '13': '%d %b %Y %H:%M:ss:%f', '14': '%H:%M:%S:%f', '20': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '21': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', '22': '%m/%d/%y %-I:%M:%S %p', '23': '%Y-%m-%d', '24': '%H:%M:%S', '25': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', '100': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M%p', '101': '%m/%d/%Y', '102': '%Y.%m.%d', '103': '%d/%m/%Y', '104': '%d.%m.%Y', '105': '%d-%m-%Y', '106': '%d %b %Y', '107': '%b %d, %Y', '108': '%H:%M:%S', '109': '%b %d %Y %-I:%M:%S:%f%p', '110': '%m-%d-%Y', '111': '%Y/%m/%d', '112': '%Y%m%d', '113': '%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S:%f', '114': '%H:%M:%S:%f', '120': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '121': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f'}
FORMAT_TIME_MAPPING = {'y': '%B %Y', 'd': '%m/%d/%Y', 'H': '%-H', 'h': '%-I', 's': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', 'D': '%A,%B,%Y', 'f': '%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M %p', 'F': '%A,%B,%Y %-I:%M:%S %p', 'g': '%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M %p', 'G': '%m/%d/%Y %-I:%M:%S %p', 'M': '%B %-d', 'm': '%B %-d', 'O': '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S', 'u': '%Y-%M-%D %H:%M:%S%z', 'U': '%A, %B %D, %Y %H:%M:%S%z', 'T': '%-I:%M:%S %p', 't': '%-I:%M', 'Y': '%a %Y'}
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

tokenizer_class = <class 'TSQL.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'TSQL.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'TSQL.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}, 0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'd': {'a': {'y': {'o': {'f': {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}}}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'd': {'d': {'d': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'w': {'e': {'e': {'k': {0: True, 'd': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}}}}}, 'w': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}}, 'h': {'o': {'u': {'r': {0: True}}}, 'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'i': {'n': {'u': {'t': {'e': {0: True}}}}, 0: True, 'l': {'l': {'i': {'s': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 'o': {'n': {'t': {'h': {0: True}}}}, 'm': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'n': {0: True}, 's': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {0: True}}}}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}, 0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'd': {'a': {'y': {'o': {'f': {'y': {'e': {'a': {'r': {0: True}}}}}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'd': {'d': {'d': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'w': {'e': {'e': {'k': {0: True, 'd': {'a': {'y': {0: True}}}}}}, 'w': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}}, 'h': {'o': {'u': {'r': {0: True}}}, 'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'i': {'n': {'u': {'t': {'e': {0: True}}}}, 0: True, 'l': {'l': {'i': {'s': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 'o': {'n': {'t': {'h': {0: True}}}}, 'm': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'n': {0: True}, 's': {'e': {'c': {'o': {'n': {'d': {0: True}}}}}, 's': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {'f': {0: True}}}}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%j': 'dayofyear', '%d': 'dd', '%W': 'wk', '%h': 'hour', '%I': 'hh', '%M': 'mm', '%S': 'ss', '%-S': 's', '%f': 'ffffff', '%w': 'dw', '%m': 'MM', '%-M': 'm', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'MMMM', '%b': 'MMM', '%-m': 'M', '%A': 'dddd', '%-d': 'd', '%H': 'HH', '%-H': 'H', '%-I': 'h'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, '-': {'S': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'f': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '['
IDENTIFIER_END = ']'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = '0x'
HEX_END: Optional[str] = ''
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class TSQL.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    501    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    502        IDENTIFIERS = [("[", "]"), '"']
    503        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    504        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
    505        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"@", "$", "#"}
    506
    507        KEYWORDS = {
    508            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    509            "CLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
    510            "DATETIME2": TokenType.DATETIME2,
    511            "DATETIMEOFFSET": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    512            "DECLARE": TokenType.DECLARE,
    513            "EXEC": TokenType.COMMAND,
    514            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
    515            "GO": TokenType.COMMAND,
    516            "IMAGE": TokenType.IMAGE,
    517            "MONEY": TokenType.MONEY,
    518            "NONCLUSTERED INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
    519            "NTEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
    520            "OPTION": TokenType.OPTION,
    521            "OUTPUT": TokenType.RETURNING,
    522            "PRINT": TokenType.COMMAND,
    523            "PROC": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
    524            "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
    525            "ROWVERSION": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
    526            "SMALLDATETIME": TokenType.SMALLDATETIME,
    527            "SMALLMONEY": TokenType.SMALLMONEY,
    528            "SQL_VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
    529            "SYSTEM_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
    530            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
    531            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.ROWVERSION,
    532            "TINYINT": TokenType.UTINYINT,
    533            "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER": TokenType.UUID,
    534            "UPDATE STATISTICS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    535            "XML": TokenType.XML,
    536        }
    537        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    538
    539        COMMANDS = {*tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS, TokenType.END}

IDENTIFIERS = [('[', ']'), '"']
QUOTES = ["'", '"']
HEX_STRINGS = [('0x', ''), ('0X', '')]
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$', '@', '#'}
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'CLUSTERED INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'DATETIME2': <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, 'DATETIMEOFFSET': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'DECLARE': <TokenType.DECLARE: 'DECLARE'>, 'EXEC': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'FOR SYSTEM_TIME': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'GO': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'IMAGE': <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, 'MONEY': <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, 'NONCLUSTERED INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'NTEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'OPTION': <TokenType.OPTION: 'OPTION'>, 'OUTPUT': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'PRINT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PROC': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'ROWVERSION': <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, 'SMALLDATETIME': <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, 'SMALLMONEY': <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, 'SQL_VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'SYSTEM_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'UPDATE STATISTICS': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'XML': <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  SINGLE_TOKENS
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  STRING_ESCAPES
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class TSQL.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    541    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    542        SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
    543        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    544        ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
    545        STRING_ALIASES = True
    546        NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
    547
    548        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
    549            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
    550            TokenType.OPTION: lambda self: ("options", self._parse_options()),
    551        }
    552
    553        # T-SQL does not allow BEGIN to be used as an identifier
    554        ID_VAR_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
    555        ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
    556        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
    557        COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
    558        UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS - {TokenType.BEGIN}
    559
    560        FUNCTIONS = {
    561            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    562            "CHARINDEX": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
    563                this=seq_get(args, 1),
    564                substr=seq_get(args, 0),
    565                position=seq_get(args, 2),
    566            ),
    567            "COUNT": lambda args: exp.Count(
    568                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=False
    569            ),
    570            "COUNT_BIG": lambda args: exp.Count(
    571                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=args[1:], big_int=True
    572            ),
    573            "DATEADD": build_date_delta(exp.DateAdd, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
    574            "DATEDIFF": _build_date_delta(exp.DateDiff, unit_mapping=DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL),
    575            "DATENAME": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, full_format_mapping=True),
    576            "DATEPART": _build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr),
    577            "DATETIMEFROMPARTS": _build_datetimefromparts,
    578            "EOMONTH": _build_eomonth,
    579            "FORMAT": _build_format,
    580            "GETDATE": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    581            "HASHBYTES": _build_hashbytes,
    582            "ISNULL": build_coalesce,
    583            "JSON_QUERY": _build_json_query,
    584            "JSON_VALUE": parser.build_extract_json_with_path(exp.JSONExtractScalar),
    585            "LEN": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Length),
    586            "LEFT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Left),
    587            "NEWID": exp.Uuid.from_arg_list,
    588            "RIGHT": _build_with_arg_as_text(exp.Right),
    589            "PARSENAME": _build_parsename,
    590            "REPLICATE": exp.Repeat.from_arg_list,
    591            "SCHEMA_NAME": exp.CurrentSchema.from_arg_list,
    592            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
    593            "SYSDATETIME": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
    594            "SUSER_NAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
    595            "SUSER_SNAME": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
    596            "SYSTEM_USER": exp.CurrentUser.from_arg_list,
    597            "TIMEFROMPARTS": _build_timefromparts,
    598            "DATETRUNC": _build_datetrunc,
    599        }
    600
    601        JOIN_HINTS = {"LOOP", "HASH", "MERGE", "REMOTE"}
    602
    603        PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = dict.fromkeys(
    604            ("ENCRYPTION", "RECOMPILE", "SCHEMABINDING", "NATIVE_COMPILATION", "EXECUTE"), tuple()
    605        )
    606
    607        COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {"OUT", "OUTPUT", "READ_ONLY"}
    608
    609        RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS - {
    610            TokenType.TABLE,
    611            *parser.Parser.TYPE_TOKENS,
    612        }
    613
    614        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    615            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    616            TokenType.DECLARE: lambda self: self._parse_declare(),
    617        }
    618
    619        RANGE_PARSERS = {
    620            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
    621            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this: self.expression(
    622                exp.ScopeResolution,
    623                this=this,
    624                expression=self._parse_function() or self._parse_var(any_token=True),
    625            ),
    626        }
    627
    628        NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    629            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    630            "NEXT": lambda self: self._parse_next_value_for(),
    631        }
    632
    633        # The DCOLON (::) operator serves as a scope resolution (exp.ScopeResolution) operator in T-SQL
    634        COLUMN_OPERATORS = {
    635            **parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS,
    636            TokenType.DCOLON: lambda self, this, to: self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=to)
    637            if isinstance(to, exp.DataType) and to.this != exp.DataType.Type.USERDEFINED
    638            else self.expression(exp.ScopeResolution, this=this, expression=to),
    639        }
    640
    641        def _parse_wrapped_select(self, table: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    642            if self._match(TokenType.MERGE):
    643                comments = self._prev_comments
    644                merge = self._parse_merge()
    645                merge.add_comments(comments, prepend=True)
    646                return merge
    647
    648            return super()._parse_wrapped_select(table=table)
    649
    650        def _parse_dcolon(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    651            # We want to use _parse_types() if the first token after :: is a known type,
    652            # otherwise we could parse something like x::varchar(max) into a function
    653            if self._match_set(self.TYPE_TOKENS, advance=False):
    654                return self._parse_types()
    655
    656            return self._parse_function() or self._parse_types()
    657
    658        def _parse_options(self) -> t.Optional[t.List[exp.Expression]]:
    659            if not self._match(TokenType.OPTION):
    660                return None
    661
    662            def _parse_option() -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    663                option = self._parse_var_from_options(OPTIONS)
    664                if not option:
    665                    return None
    666
    667                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    668                return self.expression(
    669                    exp.QueryOption, this=option, expression=self._parse_primary_or_var()
    670                )
    671
    672            return self._parse_wrapped_csv(_parse_option)
    673
    674        def _parse_projections(self) -> t.List[exp.Expression]:
    675            """
    676            T-SQL supports the syntax alias = expression in the SELECT's projection list,
    677            so we transform all parsed Selects to convert their EQ projections into Aliases.
    678
    679            See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/select-clause-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#syntax
    680            """
    681            return [
    682                (
    683                    exp.alias_(projection.expression, projection.this.this, copy=False)
    684                    if isinstance(projection, exp.EQ) and isinstance(projection.this, exp.Column)
    685                    else projection
    686                )
    687                for projection in super()._parse_projections()
    688            ]
    689
    690        def _parse_commit_or_rollback(self) -> exp.Commit | exp.Rollback:
    691            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
    692            COMMIT [ { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
    693                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable ] ]
    694                [ WITH ( DELAYED_DURABILITY = { OFF | ON } ) ]
    695
    696            ROLLBACK { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
    697                [ transaction_name | @tran_name_variable
    698                | savepoint_name | @savepoint_variable ]
    699            """
    700            rollback = self._prev.token_type == TokenType.ROLLBACK
    701
    702            self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION"))
    703            this = self._parse_id_var()
    704
    705            if rollback:
    706                return self.expression(exp.Rollback, this=this)
    707
    708            durability = None
    709            if self._match_pair(TokenType.WITH, TokenType.L_PAREN):
    710                self._match_text_seq("DELAYED_DURABILITY")
    711                self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    712
    713                if self._match_text_seq("OFF"):
    714                    durability = False
    715                else:
    716                    self._match(TokenType.ON)
    717                    durability = True
    718
    719                self._match_r_paren()
    720
    721            return self.expression(exp.Commit, this=this, durability=durability)
    722
    723        def _parse_transaction(self) -> exp.Transaction | exp.Command:
    724            """Applies to SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
    725            BEGIN { TRAN | TRANSACTION }
    726            [ { transaction_name | @tran_name_variable }
    727            [ WITH MARK [ 'description' ] ]
    728            ]
    729            """
    730            if self._match_texts(("TRAN", "TRANSACTION")):
    731                transaction = self.expression(exp.Transaction, this=self._parse_id_var())
    732                if self._match_text_seq("WITH", "MARK"):
    733                    transaction.set("mark", self._parse_string())
    734
    735                return transaction
    736
    737            return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
    738
    739        def _parse_returns(self) -> exp.ReturnsProperty:
    740            table = self._parse_id_var(any_token=False, tokens=self.RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS)
    741            returns = super()._parse_returns()
    742            returns.set("table", table)
    743            return returns
    744
    745        def _parse_convert(
    746            self, strict: bool, safe: t.Optional[bool] = None
    747        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    748            this = self._parse_types()
    749            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    750            args = [this, *self._parse_csv(self._parse_assignment)]
    751            convert = exp.Convert.from_arg_list(args)
    752            convert.set("safe", safe)
    753            convert.set("strict", strict)
    754            return convert
    755
    756        def _parse_column_def(
    757            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], computed_column: bool = True
    758        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    759            this = super()._parse_column_def(this=this, computed_column=computed_column)
    760            if not this:
    761                return None
    762            if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
    763                this.set("default", self._parse_disjunction())
    764            if self._match_texts(self.COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES):
    765                this.set("output", self._prev.text)
    766            return this
    767
    768        def _parse_user_defined_function(
    769            self, kind: t.Optional[TokenType] = None
    770        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    771            this = super()._parse_user_defined_function(kind=kind)
    772
    773            if (
    774                kind == TokenType.FUNCTION
    775                or isinstance(this, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
    776                or self._match(TokenType.ALIAS, advance=False)
    777            ):
    778                return this
    779
    780            if not self._match(TokenType.WITH, advance=False):
    781                expressions = self._parse_csv(self._parse_function_parameter)
    782            else:
    783                expressions = None
    784
    785            return self.expression(exp.UserDefinedFunction, this=this, expressions=expressions)
    786
    787        def _parse_into(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Into]:
    788            into = super()._parse_into()
    789
    790            table = isinstance(into, exp.Into) and into.find(exp.Table)
    791            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
    792                table_identifier = table.this
    793                if table_identifier.args.get("temporary"):
    794                    # Promote the temporary property from the Identifier to the Into expression
    795                    t.cast(exp.Into, into).set("temporary", True)
    796
    797            return into
    798
    799        def _parse_id_var(
    800            self,
    801            any_token: bool = True,
    802            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    803        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    804            is_temporary = self._match(TokenType.HASH)
    805            is_global = is_temporary and self._match(TokenType.HASH)
    806
    807            this = super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    808            if this:
    809                if is_global:
    810                    this.set("global", True)
    811                elif is_temporary:
    812                    this.set("temporary", True)
    813
    814            return this
    815
    816        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
    817            create = super()._parse_create()
    818
    819            if isinstance(create, exp.Create):
    820                table = create.this.this if isinstance(create.this, exp.Schema) else create.this
    821                if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and table.this and table.this.args.get("temporary"):
    822                    if not create.args.get("properties"):
    823                        create.set("properties", exp.Properties(expressions=[]))
    824
    825                    create.args["properties"].append("expressions", exp.TemporaryProperty())
    826
    827            return create
    828
    829        def _parse_if(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    830            index = self._index
    831
    832            if self._match_text_seq("OBJECT_ID"):
    833                self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_string)
    834                if self._match_text_seq("IS", "NOT", "NULL") and self._match(TokenType.DROP):
    835                    return self._parse_drop(exists=True)
    836                self._retreat(index)
    837
    838            return super()._parse_if()
    839
    840        def _parse_unique(self) -> exp.UniqueColumnConstraint:
    841            if self._match_texts(("CLUSTERED", "NONCLUSTERED")):
    842                this = self.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS[self._prev.text.upper()](self)
    843            else:
    844                this = self._parse_schema(self._parse_id_var(any_token=False))
    845
    846            return self.expression(exp.UniqueColumnConstraint, this=this)
    847
    848        def _parse_partition(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Partition]:
    849            if not self._match_text_seq("WITH", "(", "PARTITIONS"):
    850                return None
    851
    852            def parse_range():
    853                low = self._parse_bitwise()
    854                high = self._parse_bitwise() if self._match_text_seq("TO") else None
    855
    856                return (
    857                    self.expression(exp.PartitionRange, this=low, expression=high) if high else low
    858                )
    859
    860            partition = self.expression(
    861                exp.Partition, expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(parse_range)
    862            )
    863
    864            self._match_r_paren()
    865
    866            return partition
    867
    868        def _parse_declare(self) -> exp.Declare | exp.Command:
    869            index = self._index
    870            expressions = self._try_parse(partial(self._parse_csv, self._parse_declareitem))
    871
    872            if not expressions or self._curr:
    873                self._retreat(index)
    874                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
    875
    876            return self.expression(exp.Declare, expressions=expressions)
    877
    878        def _parse_declareitem(self) -> t.Optional[exp.DeclareItem]:
    879            var = self._parse_id_var()
    880            if not var:
    881                return None
    882
    883            value = None
    884            self._match(TokenType.ALIAS)
    885            if self._match(TokenType.TABLE):
    886                data_type = self._parse_schema()
    887            else:
    888                data_type = self._parse_types()
    889                if self._match(TokenType.EQ):
    890                    value = self._parse_bitwise()
    891
    892            return self.expression(exp.DeclareItem, this=var, kind=data_type, default=value)

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER = False
LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN = False
STRING_ALIASES = True
NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS = False
QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {<TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PREWHERE: 'PREWHERE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.OPTION: 'OPTION'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>}
ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>}
COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>}
UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_date_delta.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <function _build_with_arg_as_text.<locals>._parse>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <function _build_with_arg_as_text.<locals>._parse>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <function _build_with_arg_as_text.<locals>._parse>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <function _build_timefromparts>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'COUNT_BIG': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATEADD': <function build_date_delta.<locals>._builder>, 'DATENAME': <function _build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATEPART': <function _build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATETIMEFROMPARTS': <function _build_datetimefromparts>, 'EOMONTH': <function _build_eomonth>, 'FORMAT': <function _build_format>, 'GETDATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'HASHBYTES': <function _build_hashbytes>, 'ISNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'JSON_QUERY': <function _build_json_query>, 'JSON_VALUE': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'NEWID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'PARSENAME': <function _build_parsename>, 'REPLICATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'SCHEMA_NAME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'SQUARE': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSDATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'SUSER_NAME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'SUSER_SNAME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'SYSTEM_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATETRUNC': <function _build_datetrunc>}
JOIN_HINTS = {'MERGE', 'REMOTE', 'HASH', 'LOOP'}
PROCEDURE_OPTIONS = {'ENCRYPTION': (), 'RECOMPILE': (), 'SCHEMABINDING': (), 'NATIVE_COMPILATION': (), 'EXECUTE': ()}
COLUMN_DEFINITION_MODES = {'READ_ONLY', 'OUT', 'OUTPUT'}
RETURNS_TABLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DECLARE: 'DECLARE'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ANY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IF': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NEXT': <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>}
COLUMN_OPERATORS = {<TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>: None, <TokenType.DOTCOLON: 'DOTCOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>: <function TSQL.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  LAMBDAS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  PROPERTY_PARSERS
  CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  FUNCTION_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  TYPE_CONVERTERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  errors
  sql

class TSQL.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     894    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     895        LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
     896        QUERY_HINTS = False
     897        RETURNING_END = False
     898        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
     899        ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
     900        LIMIT_FETCH = "FETCH"
     901        COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
     902        CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
     903        ENSURE_BOOLS = True
     904        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
     905        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
     906        TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = "REPEATABLE"
     907        SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
     908        JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
     909        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
     910        SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
     911        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     912        PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
     913        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     914
     915        EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {
     916            exp.Create,
     917            exp.Delete,
     918            exp.Insert,
     919            exp.Intersect,
     920            exp.Except,
     921            exp.Merge,
     922            exp.Select,
     923            exp.Subquery,
     924            exp.Union,
     925            exp.Update,
     926        }
     927
     928        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
     929            exp.JSONPathKey,
     930            exp.JSONPathRoot,
     931            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
     932        }
     933
     934        TYPE_MAPPING = {
     935            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
     936            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BIT",
     937            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME2: "DATETIME2",
     938            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
     939            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT",
     940            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
     941            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "ROWVERSION",
     942            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR(MAX)",
     943            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME2",
     944            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: "DATETIME2",
     945            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "DATETIMEOFFSET",
     946            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLDATETIME: "SMALLDATETIME",
     947            exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "TINYINT",
     948            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "SQL_VARIANT",
     949            exp.DataType.Type.UUID: "UNIQUEIDENTIFIER",
     950        }
     951
     952        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR)
     953        TYPE_MAPPING.pop(exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
     954
     955        TRANSFORMS = {
     956            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     957            exp.AnyValue: any_value_to_max_sql,
     958            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
     959            exp.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint: lambda *_: "IDENTITY",
     960            exp.Chr: rename_func("CHAR"),
     961            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     962            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     963            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
     964            exp.CurrentDate: rename_func("GETDATE"),
     965            exp.CurrentTimestamp: rename_func("GETDATE"),
     966            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     967            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATEPART"),
     968            exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint: generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql,
     969            exp.GroupConcat: _string_agg_sql,
     970            exp.If: rename_func("IIF"),
     971            exp.JSONExtract: _json_extract_sql,
     972            exp.JSONExtractScalar: _json_extract_sql,
     973            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("EOMONTH", e.this),
     974            exp.Ln: rename_func("LOG"),
     975            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
     976            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("MD5"), e.this),
     977            exp.Min: min_or_least,
     978            exp.NumberToStr: _format_sql,
     979            exp.Repeat: rename_func("REPLICATE"),
     980            exp.CurrentSchema: rename_func("SCHEMA_NAME"),
     981            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
     982                [
     983                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
     984                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
     985                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
     986                    transforms.unnest_generate_date_array_using_recursive_cte,
     987                ]
     988            ),
     989            exp.Stddev: rename_func("STDEV"),
     990            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
     991                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
     992            ),
     993            exp.Subquery: transforms.preprocess([qualify_derived_table_outputs]),
     994            exp.SHA: lambda self, e: self.func("HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string("SHA1"), e.this),
     995            exp.SHA2: lambda self, e: self.func(
     996                "HASHBYTES", exp.Literal.string(f"SHA2_{e.args.get('length', 256)}"), e.this
     997            ),
     998            exp.TemporaryProperty: lambda self, e: "",
     999            exp.TimeStrToTime: _timestrtotime_sql,
    1000            exp.TimeToStr: _format_sql,
    1001            exp.Trim: trim_sql,
    1002            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1003            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1004            exp.TimestampTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATETRUNC", e.unit, e.this),
    1005            exp.Uuid: lambda *_: "NEWID()",
    1006            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATEFROMPARTS"),
    1007        }
    1008
    1009        TRANSFORMS.pop(exp.ReturnsProperty)
    1010
    1011        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1012            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1013            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1014        }
    1015
    1016        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
    1017            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"
    1018
    1019        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1020            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1021            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1022
    1023            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
    1024                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
    1025                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
    1026                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
    1027                expression.set("offset", offset)
    1028
    1029            if offset:
    1030                if not expression.args.get("order"):
    1031                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
    1032                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
    1033                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
    1034                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
    1035
    1036                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
    1037                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
    1038                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
    1039                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
    1040
    1041            return super().select_sql(expression)
    1042
    1043        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
    1044            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
    1045            return self.func(
    1046                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
    1047            )
    1048
    1049        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
    1050            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1051            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1052            if value:
    1053                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
    1054                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
    1055            return option
    1056
    1057        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
    1058            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
    1059            if cross_apply is True:
    1060                return "CROSS APPLY"
    1061            if cross_apply is False:
    1062                return "OUTER APPLY"
    1063
    1064            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
    1065            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
    1066            return "LATERAL"
    1067
    1068        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
    1069            this = expression.this
    1070            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
    1071            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
    1072            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
    1073
    1074            if (
    1075                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
    1076                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
    1077                or not part_index
    1078                or split_count > 4
    1079            ):
    1080                self.unsupported(
    1081                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
    1082                )
    1083                return ""
    1084
    1085            return self.func(
    1086                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
    1087            )
    1088
    1089        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
    1090            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1091            if nano is not None:
    1092                nano.pop()
    1093                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1094
    1095            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
    1096                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1097            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
    1098                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1099
    1100            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
    1101
    1102        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1103            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
    1104            if zone is not None:
    1105                zone.pop()
    1106                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1107
    1108            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1109            if nano is not None:
    1110                nano.pop()
    1111                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1112
    1113            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
    1114                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1115
    1116            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)
    1117
    1118        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
    1119            this = expression.this
    1120            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
    1121                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
    1122                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
    1123
    1124            return super().setitem_sql(expression)
    1125
    1126        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
    1127            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
    1128                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
    1129            ):
    1130                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
    1131
    1132            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"
    1133
    1134        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
    1135            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
    1136                return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1137            return self.binary(expression, "IS")
    1138
    1139        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1140            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1141            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
    1142
    1143            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
    1144                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
    1145                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
    1146            ):
    1147                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
    1148
    1149            return sql
    1150
    1151        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    1152            kind = expression.kind
    1153            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
    1154
    1155            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
    1156            if like_property:
    1157                ctas_expression = like_property.this
    1158            else:
    1159                ctas_expression = expression.expression
    1160
    1161            if kind == "VIEW":
    1162                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1163                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
    1164                if ctas_expression and with_:
    1165                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
    1166                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
    1167                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
    1168                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
    1169
    1170            sql = super().create_sql(expression)
    1171
    1172            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1173
    1174            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
    1175            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
    1176                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
    1177                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
    1178
    1179                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
    1180                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
    1181
    1182                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
    1183                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
    1184
    1185                if like_property:
    1186                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
    1187
    1188                sql = self.sql(select_into)
    1189
    1190            if exists:
    1191                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
    1192                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1193                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
    1194                if kind == "SCHEMA":
    1195                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1196                elif kind == "TABLE":
    1197                    assert table
    1198                    where = exp.and_(
    1199                        exp.column("table_name").eq(table.name),
    1200                        exp.column("table_schema").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
    1201                        exp.column("table_catalog").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
    1202                    )
    1203                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1204                elif kind == "INDEX":
    1205                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
    1206                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1207            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
    1208                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
    1209
    1210            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1211
    1212        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
    1213        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
    1214            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1215                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
    1216                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1217                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
    1218                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
    1219
    1220            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1221
    1222        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
    1223            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
    1224            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)
    1225
    1226        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
    1227            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"
    1228
    1229        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1230            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
    1231            this = f"FOR {name}"
    1232            expr = expression.expression
    1233            kind = expression.text("kind")
    1234            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
    1235                args = expr.expressions
    1236                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
    1237                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
    1238            else:
    1239                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
    1240
    1241            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
    1242            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"
    1243
    1244        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
    1245            table = expression.args.get("table")
    1246            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
    1247            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1248
    1249        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
    1250            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
    1251            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
    1252            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"
    1253
    1254        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    1255            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1256            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1257            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
    1258            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
    1259            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"
    1260
    1261        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
    1262            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1263            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1264            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
    1265            durability = (
    1266                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
    1267                if durability is not None
    1268                else ""
    1269            )
    1270            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"
    1271
    1272        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
    1273            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1274            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1275            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"
    1276
    1277        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
    1278            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
    1279
    1280            if expression.args.get("global"):
    1281                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
    1282            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1283                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
    1284
    1285            return identifier
    1286
    1287        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    1288            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1289            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
    1290            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"
    1291
    1292        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
    1293            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")
    1294
    1295        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
    1296            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")
    1297
    1298        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
    1299            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")
    1300
    1301        def _uncast_text(self, expression: exp.Expression, name: str) -> str:
    1302            this = expression.this
    1303            if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.TEXT):
    1304                this_sql = self.sql(this, "this")
    1305            else:
    1306                this_sql = self.sql(this)
    1307            expression_sql = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1308            return self.func(name, this_sql, expression_sql if expression_sql else None)
    1309
    1310        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
    1311            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"
    1312
    1313        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
    1314            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
    1315            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
    1316                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
    1317            return super().alter_sql(expression)
    1318
    1319        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
    1320            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
    1321                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1322            return super().drop_sql(expression)
    1323
    1324        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
    1325            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
    1326            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""
    1327
    1328        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
    1329            return self.sql(
    1330                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
    1331            )
    1332
    1333        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
    1334            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"
    1335
    1336        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
    1337            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
    1338            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
    1339            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
    1340            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
    1341            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
    1342            return f"{this}{default}{output}"

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

LIMIT_IS_TOP = True
QUERY_HINTS = False
RETURNING_END = False
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD = False
LIMIT_FETCH = 'FETCH'
COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE = False
CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED = False
ENSURE_BOOLS = True
NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = None
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD = 'REPEATABLE'
SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO = True
JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
SET_OP_MODIFIERS = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
PARSE_JSON_NAME = None
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Delete'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Subquery'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Merge'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Insert'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Update'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'DATETIME2', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'ROWVERSION', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'SMALLDATETIME', <Type.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>: 'BIT', <Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: 'NUMERIC', <Type.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>: 'FLOAT', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INTEGER', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'VARCHAR(MAX)', <Type.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>: 'DATETIME2', <Type.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>: 'DATETIME2', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'DATETIMEOFFSET', <Type.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>: 'TINYINT', <Type.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>: 'SQL_VARIANT', <Type.UUID: 'UUID'>: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function any_value_to_max_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementColumnConstraint'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CTE'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint'>: <function generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function _string_agg_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function _json_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>: <function _format_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Subquery'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function _timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function _format_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function trim_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function TSQL.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str: View Source

    1016        def scope_resolution(self, rhs: str, scope_name: str) -> str:
    1017            return f"{scope_name}::{rhs}"

def select_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Select) -> str: View Source

    1019        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1020            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1021            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1022
    1023            if isinstance(limit, exp.Fetch) and not offset:
    1024                # Dialects like Oracle can FETCH directly from a row set but
    1025                # T-SQL requires an ORDER BY + OFFSET clause in order to FETCH
    1026                offset = exp.Offset(expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
    1027                expression.set("offset", offset)
    1028
    1029            if offset:
    1030                if not expression.args.get("order"):
    1031                    # ORDER BY is required in order to use OFFSET in a query, so we use
    1032                    # a noop order by, since we don't really care about the order.
    1033                    # See: https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2314819
    1034                    expression.order_by(exp.select(exp.null()).subquery(), copy=False)
    1035
    1036                if isinstance(limit, exp.Limit):
    1037                    # TOP and OFFSET can't be combined, we need use FETCH instead of TOP
    1038                    # we replace here because otherwise TOP would be generated in select_sql
    1039                    limit.replace(exp.Fetch(direction="FIRST", count=limit.expression))
    1040
    1041            return super().select_sql(expression)

def convert_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Convert) -> str: View Source

    1043        def convert_sql(self, expression: exp.Convert) -> str:
    1044            name = "TRY_CONVERT" if expression.args.get("safe") else "CONVERT"
    1045            return self.func(
    1046                name, expression.this, expression.expression, expression.args.get("style")
    1047            )

def queryoption_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.QueryOption) -> str: View Source

    1049        def queryoption_sql(self, expression: exp.QueryOption) -> str:
    1050            option = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1051            value = self.sql(expression, "expression")
    1052            if value:
    1053                optional_equal_sign = "= " if option in OPTIONS_THAT_REQUIRE_EQUAL else ""
    1054                return f"{option} {optional_equal_sign}{value}"
    1055            return option

def lateral_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Lateral) -> str: View Source

    1057        def lateral_op(self, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
    1058            cross_apply = expression.args.get("cross_apply")
    1059            if cross_apply is True:
    1060                return "CROSS APPLY"
    1061            if cross_apply is False:
    1062                return "OUTER APPLY"
    1063
    1064            # TODO: perhaps we can check if the parent is a Join and transpile it appropriately
    1065            self.unsupported("LATERAL clause is not supported.")
    1066            return "LATERAL"

def splitpart_sql( self: TSQL.Generator, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart) -> str: View Source

    1068        def splitpart_sql(self: TSQL.Generator, expression: exp.SplitPart) -> str:
    1069            this = expression.this
    1070            split_count = len(this.name.split("."))
    1071            delimiter = expression.args.get("delimiter")
    1072            part_index = expression.args.get("part_index")
    1073
    1074            if (
    1075                not all(isinstance(arg, exp.Literal) for arg in (this, delimiter, part_index))
    1076                or (delimiter and delimiter.name != ".")
    1077                or not part_index
    1078                or split_count > 4
    1079            ):
    1080                self.unsupported(
    1081                    "SPLIT_PART can be transpiled to PARSENAME only for '.' delimiter and literal values"
    1082                )
    1083                return ""
    1084
    1085            return self.func(
    1086                "PARSENAME", this, exp.Literal.number(split_count + 1 - part_index.to_py())
    1087            )

def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts) -> str: View Source

    1089        def timefromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeFromParts) -> str:
    1090            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1091            if nano is not None:
    1092                nano.pop()
    1093                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in TIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1094
    1095            if expression.args.get("fractions") is None:
    1096                expression.set("fractions", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1097            if expression.args.get("precision") is None:
    1098                expression.set("precision", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1099
    1100            return rename_func("TIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)

def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str: View Source

    1102        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1103            zone = expression.args.get("zone")
    1104            if zone is not None:
    1105                zone.pop()
    1106                self.unsupported("Time zone is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1107
    1108            nano = expression.args.get("nano")
    1109            if nano is not None:
    1110                nano.pop()
    1111                self.unsupported("Specifying nanoseconds is not supported in DATETIMEFROMPARTS.")
    1112
    1113            if expression.args.get("milli") is None:
    1114                expression.set("milli", exp.Literal.number(0))
    1115
    1116            return rename_func("DATETIMEFROMPARTS")(self, expression)

def setitem_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SetItem) -> str: View Source

    1118        def setitem_sql(self, expression: exp.SetItem) -> str:
    1119            this = expression.this
    1120            if isinstance(this, exp.EQ) and not isinstance(this.left, exp.Parameter):
    1121                # T-SQL does not use '=' in SET command, except when the LHS is a variable.
    1122                return f"{self.sql(this.left)} {self.sql(this.right)}"
    1123
    1124            return super().setitem_sql(expression)

def boolean_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Boolean) -> str: View Source

    1126        def boolean_sql(self, expression: exp.Boolean) -> str:
    1127            if type(expression.parent) in BIT_TYPES or isinstance(
    1128                expression.find_ancestor(exp.Values, exp.Select), exp.Values
    1129            ):
    1130                return "1" if expression.this else "0"
    1131
    1132            return "(1 = 1)" if expression.this else "(1 = 0)"

def is_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Is) -> str: View Source

    1134        def is_sql(self, expression: exp.Is) -> str:
    1135            if isinstance(expression.expression, exp.Boolean):
    1136                return self.binary(expression, "=")
    1137            return self.binary(expression, "IS")

def createable_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create, locations: DefaultDict) -> str: View Source

    1139        def createable_sql(self, expression: exp.Create, locations: t.DefaultDict) -> str:
    1140            sql = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1141            properties = expression.args.get("properties")
    1142
    1143            if sql[:1] != "#" and any(
    1144                isinstance(prop, exp.TemporaryProperty)
    1145                for prop in (properties.expressions if properties else [])
    1146            ):
    1147                sql = f"[#{sql[1:]}" if sql.startswith("[") else f"#{sql}"
    1148
    1149            return sql

def create_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create) -> str: View Source

    1151        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
    1152            kind = expression.kind
    1153            exists = expression.args.pop("exists", None)
    1154
    1155            like_property = expression.find(exp.LikeProperty)
    1156            if like_property:
    1157                ctas_expression = like_property.this
    1158            else:
    1159                ctas_expression = expression.expression
    1160
    1161            if kind == "VIEW":
    1162                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1163                with_ = expression.args.get("with")
    1164                if ctas_expression and with_:
    1165                    # We've already preprocessed the Create expression to bubble up any nested CTEs,
    1166                    # but CREATE VIEW actually requires the WITH clause to come after it so we need
    1167                    # to amend the AST by moving the CTEs to the CREATE VIEW statement's query.
    1168                    ctas_expression.set("with", with_.pop())
    1169
    1170            sql = super().create_sql(expression)
    1171
    1172            table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1173
    1174            # Convert CTAS statement to SELECT .. INTO ..
    1175            if kind == "TABLE" and ctas_expression:
    1176                if isinstance(ctas_expression, exp.UNWRAPPED_QUERIES):
    1177                    ctas_expression = ctas_expression.subquery()
    1178
    1179                properties = expression.args.get("properties") or exp.Properties()
    1180                is_temp = any(isinstance(p, exp.TemporaryProperty) for p in properties.expressions)
    1181
    1182                select_into = exp.select("*").from_(exp.alias_(ctas_expression, "temp", table=True))
    1183                select_into.set("into", exp.Into(this=table, temporary=is_temp))
    1184
    1185                if like_property:
    1186                    select_into.limit(0, copy=False)
    1187
    1188                sql = self.sql(select_into)
    1189
    1190            if exists:
    1191                identifier = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(exp.table_name(table) if table else ""))
    1192                sql_with_ctes = self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)
    1193                sql_literal = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(sql_with_ctes))
    1194                if kind == "SCHEMA":
    1195                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.schemata WHERE schema_name = {identifier}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1196                elif kind == "TABLE":
    1197                    assert table
    1198                    where = exp.and_(
    1199                        exp.column("table_name").eq(table.name),
    1200                        exp.column("table_schema").eq(table.db) if table.db else None,
    1201                        exp.column("table_catalog").eq(table.catalog) if table.catalog else None,
    1202                    )
    1203                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables WHERE {where}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1204                elif kind == "INDEX":
    1205                    index = self.sql(exp.Literal.string(expression.this.text("this")))
    1206                    return f"""IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = object_id({identifier}) AND name = {index}) EXEC({sql_literal})"""
    1207            elif expression.args.get("replace"):
    1208                sql = sql.replace("CREATE OR REPLACE ", "CREATE OR ALTER ", 1)
    1209
    1210            return self.prepend_ctes(expression, sql)

@generator.unsupported_args('unlogged', 'expressions')
def into_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Into) -> str: View Source

    1212        @generator.unsupported_args("unlogged", "expressions")
    1213        def into_sql(self, expression: exp.Into) -> str:
    1214            if expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1215                # If the Into expression has a temporary property, push this down to the Identifier
    1216                table = expression.find(exp.Table)
    1217                if table and isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier):
    1218                    table.this.set("temporary", True)
    1219
    1220            return f"{self.seg('INTO')} {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"

def count_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Count) -> str: View Source

    1222        def count_sql(self, expression: exp.Count) -> str:
    1223            func_name = "COUNT_BIG" if expression.args.get("big_int") else "COUNT"
    1224            return rename_func(func_name)(self, expression)

def offset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Offset) -> str: View Source

    1226        def offset_sql(self, expression: exp.Offset) -> str:
    1227            return f"{super().offset_sql(expression)} ROWS"

def version_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Version) -> str: View Source

    1229        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
    1230            name = "SYSTEM_TIME" if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP" else expression.name
    1231            this = f"FOR {name}"
    1232            expr = expression.expression
    1233            kind = expression.text("kind")
    1234            if kind in ("FROM", "BETWEEN"):
    1235                args = expr.expressions
    1236                sep = "TO" if kind == "FROM" else "AND"
    1237                expr_sql = f"{self.sql(seq_get(args, 0))} {sep} {self.sql(seq_get(args, 1))}"
    1238            else:
    1239                expr_sql = self.sql(expr)
    1240
    1241            expr_sql = f" {expr_sql}" if expr_sql else ""
    1242            return f"{this} {kind}{expr_sql}"

def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty) -> str: View Source

    1244        def returnsproperty_sql(self, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
    1245            table = expression.args.get("table")
    1246            table = f"{table} " if table else ""
    1247            return f"RETURNS {table}{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"

def returning_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Returning) -> str: View Source

    1249        def returning_sql(self, expression: exp.Returning) -> str:
    1250            into = self.sql(expression, "into")
    1251            into = self.seg(f"INTO {into}") if into else ""
    1252            return f"{self.seg('OUTPUT')} {self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}{into}"

def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str: View Source

    1254        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
    1255            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1256            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1257            mark = self.sql(expression, "mark")
    1258            mark = f" WITH MARK {mark}" if mark else ""
    1259            return f"BEGIN TRANSACTION{this}{mark}"

def commit_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Commit) -> str: View Source

    1261        def commit_sql(self, expression: exp.Commit) -> str:
    1262            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1263            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1264            durability = expression.args.get("durability")
    1265            durability = (
    1266                f" WITH (DELAYED_DURABILITY = {'ON' if durability else 'OFF'})"
    1267                if durability is not None
    1268                else ""
    1269            )
    1270            return f"COMMIT TRANSACTION{this}{durability}"

def rollback_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Rollback) -> str: View Source

    1272        def rollback_sql(self, expression: exp.Rollback) -> str:
    1273            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1274            this = f" {this}" if this else ""
    1275            return f"ROLLBACK TRANSACTION{this}"

def identifier_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Identifier) -> str: View Source

    1277        def identifier_sql(self, expression: exp.Identifier) -> str:
    1278            identifier = super().identifier_sql(expression)
    1279
    1280            if expression.args.get("global"):
    1281                identifier = f"##{identifier}"
    1282            elif expression.args.get("temporary"):
    1283                identifier = f"#{identifier}"
    1284
    1285            return identifier

def constraint_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Constraint) -> str: View Source

    1287        def constraint_sql(self, expression: exp.Constraint) -> str:
    1288            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    1289            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True, sep=" ")
    1290            return f"CONSTRAINT {this} {expressions}"

def length_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Length) -> str: View Source

    1292        def length_sql(self, expression: exp.Length) -> str:
    1293            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEN")

def right_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Right) -> str: View Source

    1295        def right_sql(self, expression: exp.Right) -> str:
    1296            return self._uncast_text(expression, "RIGHT")

def left_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Left) -> str: View Source

    1298        def left_sql(self, expression: exp.Left) -> str:
    1299            return self._uncast_text(expression, "LEFT")

def partition_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Partition) -> str: View Source

    1310        def partition_sql(self, expression: exp.Partition) -> str:
    1311            return f"WITH (PARTITIONS({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)}))"

def alter_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Alter) -> str: View Source

    1313        def alter_sql(self, expression: exp.Alter) -> str:
    1314            action = seq_get(expression.args.get("actions") or [], 0)
    1315            if isinstance(action, exp.AlterRename):
    1316                return f"EXEC sp_rename '{self.sql(expression.this)}', '{action.this.name}'"
    1317            return super().alter_sql(expression)

def drop_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Drop) -> str: View Source

    1319        def drop_sql(self, expression: exp.Drop) -> str:
    1320            if expression.args["kind"] == "VIEW":
    1321                expression.this.set("catalog", None)
    1322            return super().drop_sql(expression)

def options_modifier(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> str: View Source

    1324        def options_modifier(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> str:
    1325            options = self.expressions(expression, key="options")
    1326            return f" OPTION{self.wrap(options)}" if options else ""

def dpipe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DPipe) -> str: View Source

    1328        def dpipe_sql(self, expression: exp.DPipe) -> str:
    1329            return self.sql(
    1330                reduce(lambda x, y: exp.Add(this=x, expression=y), expression.flatten())
    1331            )

def isascii_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii) -> str: View Source

    1333        def isascii_sql(self, expression: exp.IsAscii) -> str:
    1334            return f"(PATINDEX(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 0x255b5e002d7f5d25) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, {self.sql(expression.this)}) = 0)"

def columndef_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ColumnDef, sep: str = ' ') -> str: View Source

    1336        def columndef_sql(self, expression: exp.ColumnDef, sep: str = " ") -> str:
    1337            this = super().columndef_sql(expression, sep)
    1338            default = self.sql(expression, "default")
    1339            default = f" = {default}" if default else ""
    1340            output = self.sql(expression, "output")
    1341            output = f" {output}" if output else ""
    1342            return f"{this}{default}{output}"

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  JOIN_HINTS
  TABLE_HINTS
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  COLLATE_IS_FUNC
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
  INSERT_OVERWRITE
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  STAR_EXCEPT
  HEX_FUNC
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS
  ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
  SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
  SUPPORTS_MEDIAN
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  ARRAY_SIZE_NAME
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  STRUCT_DELIMITER
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  datatype_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  with_properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  unnest_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterindex_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alterset_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  div_sql
  safedivide_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  trycast_sql
  jsoncast_sql
  try_sql
  log_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  ceil_floor
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  whens_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  tonumber_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  uniquekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  struct_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonextractquote_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  arrayagg_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql
  attach_sql
  detach_sql
  attachoption_sql
  featuresattime_sql
  watermarkcolumnconstraint_sql
  encodeproperty_sql
  includeproperty_sql
  xmlelement_sql
  partitionbyrangeproperty_sql
  partitionbyrangepropertydynamic_sql
  unpivotcolumns_sql
  analyzesample_sql
  analyzestatistics_sql
  analyzehistogram_sql
  analyzedelete_sql
  analyzelistchainedrows_sql
  analyzevalidate_sql
  analyze_sql
  xmltable_sql
  xmlnamespace_sql
  export_sql
  declare_sql
  declareitem_sql
  recursivewithsearch_sql
  parameterizedagg_sql
  anonymousaggfunc_sql
  combinedaggfunc_sql
  combinedparameterizedagg_sql
  show_sql
  put_sql